Deck 7: Proteins

Question 1

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a can of tuna,one serving of the fish supplies 16 g of protein.The DV for protein is 50 g.Estimate the %DV for protein in a serving of the tun A.

A)800%
B)3.125%
C)Cannot be determined by using the information provided in the question
D)32%

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The body uses proteins to make ________.

A)calcium carbonate
B)bile salts
C)certain hormones
D)magnesium ions

Answer 2

C

Question 3

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Aspartic acid
B)Methionine
C)Alanine
D)Homocysteine

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following substances is usually one of the limiting amino acid in foods,particularly those of plant origin?

A)Phenylalanine
B)Leucine
C)Threonine
D)Asparagine

Question 5

Which of the following substances is usually the limiting amino acid in foods,particularly those of plant origin?

A)Glycine
B)Isoleucine
C)Lysine
D)Alanine

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

A)The body needs protein to make sodium,calcium,and other mineral elements.
B)The human body normally uses very little protein for energy.
C)Proteins are comprised of smaller chemical units called nucleic acids.
D)Proteins are comprised of phosphorus,oxygen,hydrogen,and carbon.

Question 7

A scientist isolates a water-soluble compound from spider venom.The substance has nitrogen,carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen in its chemical structure.Based on this information,the compound is probably a ________.

A)mineral salt
B)triglyceride
C)polysaccharide
D)protein

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Most food labels include information about the bioavailability of protein in the product.
B)Nutrient labels are not required to include information about the grams of protein in a serving of the food.
C)The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about a product's essential amino acid content.
D)You can judge a packaged food's protein quality by reviewing the ingredients' list.

Question 9

An amino acid does not contain a(an)________.

A)fatty acid
B)nitrogen-containing group
C)acid group
D)carbon skeleton

Question 10

Which of the following substances is usually one of the limiting amino acid in foods,particularly those of plant origin?

A)Methionine
B)Phenylalanine
C)Arginine
D)Leucine

Question 11

Which of the following forms of produce is the least expensive per pound?

A)Fresh yellow delicious apples at $2.25 per pound bag
B)Fresh yellow delicious apples at $3.50 per 2-pound bag.
C)Fresh yellow delicious apples at $5.49 per 2-pound bag
D)Sliced yellow delicious apples at $1.00 per 1-ounce bag

Question 12

A _____ remains when the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid is removed.

A)fatty acid
B)ribonucleotide
C)carbon skeleton
D)dipeptide fragment

Question 13

Which of the following amino acids is a dietary essential?

A)Alanine
B)Aspartic acid
C)Homocysteine
D)Phenylalanine

Question 14

Compared to a triglyceride molecule,a protein molecule ________.

A)is comprised of glucose units
B)has three fatty acids attached to glycerol
C)provides more energy
D)has nitrogen in its chemical structure

Question 15

The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label ________.

A)typically includes information about the bioavailability of protein in the product
B)provides information about a product's essential amino acid content
C)does not include information about the product's protein quality
D)does not provide information about the amount of protein in a serving of the food

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Certain proteins transport nutrients and oxygen in the bloodstream.
B)All hormones are proteins.
C)Proteins are a major component of starch molecules.
D)Protein is the primary energy source for the human body.

Question 17

Proteins ________.

A)are comprised of amino acids
B)have phosphorus in their chemical structures
C)provide 7 kcal/g
D)are stored as glycogen in the body

Question 18

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Alanine
B)Homocysteine
C)Lysine
D)Aspartic acid

Question 19

Every amino acid has _____ in its chemical structure.

A)iron
B)nitrogen
C)potassium
D)chloride

Question 20

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A)homocysteine
B)lysine
C)lipase
D)lactose

Question 21

Rosa is a teenager who has an eating disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation.Based on this information,her body is in ____ nitrogen balance.

A)negative
B)positive
C)denatured
D)activated

Question 22

May is 89 years of age.Her heart is weak,so she spends most of her time lying in bed or sitting in a chair.Although she takes medication for hypertension,she has been unable to keep her blood pressure in the normal range.Her diet consists mainly of apples,leafy vegetables,gelatin,toast,butter,tea,and chocolate candy.May's lower legs and feet and swollen.Based on this information,the swelling is probably the result of a(an)________.

A)dietary fiber deficiency
B)chronic bladder infection
C)starvation diet
D)PKU

Question 23

Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's ________.

A)golgi apparatus
B)plasma membrane
C)ribosomes
D)DNA

Question 24

Two-month-old Deanna is not growing normally.After Deanna underwent numerous tests,her physicians determined that she was born with a condition in which fat deposits form in cells that are not designed to store fat.The fat deposits eventually kill the cells.Her older brother died as a result of the same disorder when he was 8 months of age.Based on this information,Deanna has ________.

A)type 1 diabetes
B)celiac disease
C)defective DNA
D)metabolic syndrome

Question 25

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Serine
B)Homocysteine
C)Alanine
D)Threonine

Question 26

_____ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and,as a result,the molecule loses its usual functions.

A)Filtration
B)Hydrogenation
C)Denaturation
D)Protonation

Question 27

The _____ is main site of deamination in the body.

A)spleen
B)liver
C)thyroid
D)gallbladder

Question 28

During digestion,which of the following substances denatures the proteins in food?

A)Amylase
B)Mucus
C)Intrinsic factor
D)Stomach acid

Question 29

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A)taurine
B)glutamic acid
C)tryptophan
D)aspartic acid

Question 30

The chemical attraction between the acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid can form a _______.

A)fatty acid chain
B)glycosidic linkage
C)partially-hydrogenated protein
D)peptide bond

Question 31

To tenderize a thin piece of raw meat before cooking it,place the meat in a marinade that contains ________.

A)red wine
B)cooked mushrooms
C)olive oil
D)plain water

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Application of heat,alcohol,or acid can kill proteins.
B)The human digestive tract cannot digest the peptide bonds that hold amino acids together.
C)Transamination is the process of removing the nitrogen group from an amino acid and transferring it to another substance.
D)A protein molecule loses its natural folded and coiled shape as well as its usual functions when it undergoes hydrogenation.

Question 33

Jacob is a healthy,active 14-year-old boy.Recently,he began to experience a growth spurt.Based on this information,his body is in ____ nitrogen balance.

A)positive
B)activated
C)negative
D)inverted

Question 34

The deamination process forms ________.

A)urine
B)ammonia
C)trans fat
D)glycogen

Question 35

A gene is a

A)piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein.
B)cellular organelle that helps maintain proper acid-base balance.
C)type of lipoprotein that transports certain vitamins in the bloodstream.
D)structure that helps transfer amino acids to ribosomes.

Question 36

Three-year old Jamie is a healthy,active child.Based on this information,his body is in ____ nitrogen balance.

A)inverse
B)positive
C)pediatric
D)activated

Question 37

The ____ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans.

A)pituitary gland
B)pancreas
C)small intestine
D)liver

Question 38

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have all of the following ingredients,except ________.

A)phenylalanine
B)methionine
C)homocysteine
D)tryptophan

Question 39

Roberta is 25 years of age,healthy,and pregnant.Based on this information,her body is in ____ nitrogen balance.

A)negative
B)positive
C)inverse
D)activated

Question 40

Leona is making lemon pudding from "scratch." Her ingredients include fat-free milk,corn starch,lemon juice,egg yolks,salt,sugar,and butter.When she added some of the ingredients together,little clumps formed in the mixture before she could heat it.What happened to those ingredients?

A)The salt activated the sugar after being mixed with the egg yolks.
B)The corn starch transaminated the lactose in the milk.
C)The cholesterol in the raw egg yolks reacted with the butter.
D)The acid in the lemon juice denatured the milk proteins.

Question 41

Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins?

A)Amylase
B)Mucus
C)Pepsin
D)Lipase

Question 42

Carmen is an active child who is allergic to peanuts.While attending a classroom party,Carmen accidentally was exposed to trail mix that contained peanuts,and she rapidly developed _____ as a result.

A)positive protein balance
B)cirrhosis of the liver
C)anaphylactic shock
D)gluten sensitivity

Question 43

Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds.Based on his body weight,his RDA for protein is ____ grams.

A)100
B)80
C)140
D)120

Question 44

Bethaney is 20 years of age and weighs 50 kg.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)35
B)40
C)30
D)25

Question 45

Which of the following foods is not usually responsible for causing allergic responses?

A)Peanuts and other nuts
B)Wheat and shellfish
C)Fish and shellfish
D)Carrots and celery

Question 46

Bernard has been suffering from a viral infection for over a week.As a result of the illness,he has a fever and has lost his appetite.Based on this information,his body is in ____ nitrogen balance.

A)deactivated
B)facilitated
C)positive
D)negative

Question 47

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?

A)Grapes
B)Peanuts
C)Broccoli
D)Blueberries

Question 48

Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins?

A)Trypsin
B)Amylase
C)Cholecystokinin
D)Bile

Question 49

Lucy has a disease that affects the functioning of her pancreas.Based on this information,she may have difficulty digesting proteins because of a lack of _______.

A)lipase
B)amylase
C)pepsin
D)trypsin

Question 50

Isabella is 24 years of age and weighs 156 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A)47
B)125
C)57
D)345

Question 51

You are planning a party for a group of friends.Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party,without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease?

A)Corn beef on rye bread
B)Cheddar cheese on wheat crackers
C)Pieces of fresh fruit
D)Pizza made with whole-grain flour

Question 52

When Thompson was 5 years of age,he began to complain that his stomach hurt,especially after eating meals and snacks.He also experienced chronic diarrhe A.His parents noticed that he could eat poultry,meat,dairy foods,fruits,and vegetables without developing any intestinal problems,but he would get a "tummy ache" soon after eating sandwiches,cookies,crackers,or pancakes.Based on this information,Thompson's parents should have him evaluated for ________.

A)colon cancer
B)cystic fibrosis
C)celiac disease
D)irritable bowel syndrome

Question 53

A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid ________.

A)eating foods that contain phenylalanine
B)lying down after meals
C)taking dietary supplements that contain homocysteine
D)consuming foods that contain gluten

Question 54

Evan is 28 years of age and weighs 130 kg.His RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)104.0
B)70.0
C)47.2
D)87.2

Question 55

In the stomach,_____ participate in the chemical digestion of protein.

A)pancreatic amylase and intrinsic factor
B)hydrochloric acid and pepsin
C)gastric lipase and intrinsic factor
D)mucus and cholecystokinin

Question 56

You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease.The original cake recipe is made with eggs,flour,milk,sugar,vanilla,and butter.To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume,you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A)margarine; butter
B)water; milk
C)cornmeal; flour
D)aspartame; sugar

Question 57

Victoria is 92 years of age.Recently,she experienced a viral infection that has made her weak and lose interest in eating.Based on this information,Victoria is in ________.

A)facilitated re-energizing mode
B)negative nitrogen balance
C)anaphylactic shock
D)positive nitrogen equilibrium

Question 58

You would like to bake a special pudding for a friend who has celiac disease.The original pudding recipe is made with eggs,flour,milk,sugar,vanilla,and butter.To make pudding that is safe for your friend to consume,you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A)tapioca; flour
B)honey; sugar
C)corn oil; butter
D)apple juice; milk

Question 59

Marta is 22 years of age and weighs 132 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)48
B)68
C)108
D)88

Question 60

Sarah is 24 years of age and weighs 178 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A)55
B)65
C)45
D)75

Question 61

Cameron was born with a condition that requires him to limit eating foods that contain phenylalanine.Based on this information,Cameron has ________.

A)amino acid toxicity syndrome
B)IBD
C)cystic fibrosis
D)PKU

Question 62

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)Cashew nuts
B)Sunflower seeds
C)Red cabbage
D)Fat-free milk

Question 63

Lily is 22 years of age.She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day.According to AMDR guidelines,protein should comprise ____% of her total energy intake.

A)20 to 45
B)40 to 65
C)30 to 55
D)10 to 35

Question 64

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)Fat-free milk
B)Peanuts
C)Sesame seeds
D)Apple

Question 65

Which of the following foods are legumes?

A)Potatoes
B)Onions
C)Mushrooms
D)Peanuts

Question 66

Dallas,a healthy,active teenager,was diagnosed with PKU when he was only a few days old.In addition to foods that are manufactured to be low in phenylalanine,which of the following foods can he eat to meet his protein needs safely?

A)Lean hamburger
B)Fried fish
C)Baked potatoes
D)Fat-free milk

Question 67

In 2010,Americans typically ate more protein from _____ than they consumed in the early 1900s.

A)vegetables
B)fish
C)grains
D)fruits

Question 68

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)Chicken
B)Cottage cheese
C)Onions
D)Pistachio nuts

Question 69

You would like to make chicken soup for a friend who has celiac disease.To make the soup according to the recipe,you need to cook chicken,celery,onions,barley,salt,pepper,bay leaf,and carrots in a large amount of water.Based on this information,how can you make the soup safe for your friend to eat?

A)Omit the salt and include a beef bouillon cube
B)Avoid adding the bay leaf
C)Replace the barley with rice
D)Add some wine to denature the chicken protein

Question 70

Katrina is 20 years of age.She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day.According to AMDR guidelines,what is her range of protein intake?

A)90 to 360 kcal/day
B)180 to 630 kcal/day
C)720 to 1080 kcal/day
D)450 to 900 kcal/day

Question 71

Of the following foods,which is the best source of essential amino acids?

A)Leaf lettuce
B)Grape juice
C)Oat flakes
D)Sunflower seeds

Question 72

In 2013-2014,protein comprised _____% of an adult American's average daily energy intake.

A)5.2
B)15.6
C)10.5
D)20.1

Question 73

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A)½ cup of watermelon chunks
B)8 ounces of soy milk
C)6 whole-wheat crackers
D)1 ounce of baby carrots

Question 74

The typical American eats more protein from _____ than he or she did in the early 1900s.

A)meat
B)vegetables
C)fruits
D)grains

Question 75

The typical American eats more protein from _____ than he or she did in the early 1900s.

A)grains
B)vegetables
C)poultry
D)fruits

Question 76

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A)Vegetable salad with greens and baby carrots
B)Slice of American cheese
C)Peanut butter on crackers
D)Apple and watermelon chunks

Question 77

Which of the following label resources can you use to determine whether a canned food has high-quality protein?

A)Daily Value for protein
B)Ingredients' list
C)Nutrition Facts panel
D)Protein disclaimer

Question 78

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

A)Avocado with leafy greens salad
B)Sesame seed crackers
C)Soybean oil
D)Fat-free milk

Question 79

Which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

A)Orange juice
B)Soy milk
C)Boiled cabbage
D)Leaf lettuce

Question 80

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

A)Red grapes
B)Corn oil margarine
C)Tuna fish
D)Leaf lettuce