Deck 10: Interpersonal Violence

Question 1

_____________ describes any physical or emotional trauma to a child for which no reasonable explanation,such as an accident or ordinary disciplinary practices,can be found.

Answer 1

Child abuse

Question 2

The link between substance abuse and violence occurs in three different formats.Violent behavior that results from the conflict inherent in the drug trade is known as:

A)the subculture of violence
B)psychopharmacological relationship
C)economic compulsive behavior
D)systemic link

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Rape involving people in some form of romantic relationship is known as ____________.

Answer 3

date rape

Question 4

Robbers who rob to obtain small amounts of money when an accessible target presents itself are called ________________.

Question 5

In the _______________________ a potent theme of violence influences lifestyles,the socialization process,and interpersonal relationships.

Question 6

Violent rates are highest in urban areas where subcultural values support gangs that typically embrace the use of violence.The culture which houses gangs associates honor with _________________________ and the use of violence to protect reputation.

Question 7

____________________ involves the killing three or more persons in three or more separate events.In between the murders,the killer reverts to his/her normal lifestyle.

Question 8

According to Freud,the instinctual drive that produces self-destruction expressed externally as violence or internally as suicide or alcoholism,is termed:

A)eros
B)thanatos
C)hostility
D)aggression

Question 9

Excessive alcohol use,access to a weapon,estrangement,obsession with a partner's behavior,flashes of anger,and men who are under economic stress are predictors of __________________.

Question 10

_________________ are violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group merely because the targets share a discernible racial,ethnic,religious,or gender characteristic.

Question 11

Athens links violence to early experiences with child abuse.Which is the proper ordering of how antisocial careers develop under this link?

A)brutalization process,virulency stage,violent performances
B)violent performances,brutalization process,virulency stage
C)virulency stage,violent performances,brutalization process
D)brutalization process,violent performances,virulency stage

Question 12

___________________ occurs when there are sexual relations between an underage (minor)victim and an adult.

Question 13

_____________________ requires the killer to have malice aforethought but not premeditation or deliberation.

Question 14

___________________ protect women from being questioned about their sexual history unless it directly bears on the case.

Question 15

Neuroscientists claim to have found differences in both the limbic system and the __________________ of the brain that separates aggressive,violent people from the more level-headed and reasonable.

Question 16

A sequential pattern of behavior between the offender and the victim that ultimately results in homicide is known as _______________________________.

Question 17

Violence acts that vent rage,anger,or frustration are known as:

A)instrumental violence
B)expressive violence
C)rational violence
D)irrational violence

Question 18

The link between substance abuse and violence appears in three different formats.The format or concept of ___________________ reflects the violent behavior that results from gang conflict inherent in the drug trade.

Question 19

____________________ is violence that is designed not for profit or gain but to vent rage,anger,or frustration.

Question 20

Violent acts designed to improve the financial or social position of the criminal are known as:

A)instrumental violence
B)expressive violence
C)rational violence
D)irrational violence

Question 21

The belief that males must separate their sexual feelings from needs for love,respect,and affection is called:

A)hypermasculinity
B)the brutalization process
C)the virility mystique
D)narcissistic personality disorder

Question 22

Much of the difference in rates of violent crime between whites and racial minorities can be explained by minorities being forced to live in high crime neighborhoods,which:

A)provide a poorer quality of schooling
B)increases their risk of exposure to violence
C)contain few social interaction opportunities
D)provide a lack of legitimate economic opportunities

Question 23

Within subcultures of violence,it is considered appropriate for an individual who has been offended by a negative outcome in a dispute to seek reparations through violent means.This concept is termed:

A)brutalization process
B)thanatos
C)disputatiousness
D)malefic

Question 24

Statutory rape refers to sexual relations between an adult and a/an:

A)elderly woman
B)married woman
C)underage minor
D)nonconsenting adolescent

Question 25

Unlike any other violent crime,what legal aspect is necessary to be disproved when prosecuting rape?

A)injury
B)malice
C)consent
D)intent

Question 26

Which of the following causal explanations for rape reflects the evolutionary view?

A)The sexual urge corresponds to the unconscious need to preserve the species by spreading one's genes as widely as possible.
B)Rape is a legitimate response if one's sexual advances are rebuffed c,Rape is a function of modern male socialization.
D)Infatuation and fixation with one's self drives rapists to seek power and control over those deemed inferior to themselves.

Question 27

Felony murder usually constitutes:

A)negligent homicide
B)nonnegligent manslaughter
C)first-degree murder
D)second-degree murder

Question 28

The systematic rape of Bosnian and Kosovar women by Serbian army officers during the civil war in the former Yugoslavia,reflects that:

A)Rape is a process predominantly meant to impose dependency upon its victims.
B)Rapists are often falsely accused by vindictive victims.
C)Rape has long been associated with military conquest.
D)Rape hot lines often fail to provide victims with needed assistance.

Question 29

A person can also be held criminally liable for the death of another even if they did not intend to injure another person but they disregard or ignore an excessive risk to an another's health or safety.This is called:

A)nonnegligent manslaughter
B)negligent manslaughter
C)deliberate indifference
D)second-degree murder

Question 30

A rape in which the goal is sexual conquest and the amount of force used is not excessive as the attacker does not want to harm his/her victim is known as:

A)anger rape
B)gang rape
C)serial rape
D)power rape

Question 31

Laws that protect women from being questioned about their sexual history unless it directly bears on the case are called:

A)safeguard laws
B)immunity laws
C)exemption laws
D)shield laws

Question 32

Rape by someone known to the victim,including family members and friends,is known as:

A)acquaintance rape
B)date rape
C)blitz rape
D)association rape

Question 33

Which of the following is not true regarding the incidence of rape?

A)Population density influences the rape rate.
B)The rape rate has increased in the past decade.
C)The police make arrests in more than 50% of all reported rape offenses.
D)Rape is a warm-weather crime.

Question 34

Mass murder involves killing four or more victims by one or a few assailants within a single event.These single,uncontrollable outbursts are also termed:

A)concurrent killings
B)outburst killings
C)spree killings
D)simultaneous killings

Question 35

A potent theme of violence that influences lifestyles,the socialization process,and interpersonal relationships is known as:

A)cultural retaliatory homicide
B)subculture of violence
C)disputatiousness
D)brutalization process

Question 36

Some nations have relatively high violence rates.Which of the following national characteristics does not predict violence?

A)robust economy
B)a high level of social disorganization
C)high child abuse rates
D)political corruption

Question 37

What is known to be true regarding marital rape?

A)Many spousal rapes are accompanied by brutal,sadistic beatings.
B)When marital rapists are convicted,they are sanctioned more harshly than those accused of nonmarital sexual assaults.
C)Today,only three states recognize marital rape as a crime.
D)Instances of marital rape tend to be isolated,one-time events.

Question 38

Which is an inaccurate statement pertaining to the history of rape?

A)All but three states have revised their rape statues to make them gender neutral.
B)With few exceptions,rape has been a recognized crime throughout history.
C)Under feudal law,"heiress stealing" equated women with property.
D)A woman who was raped was almost automatically seen as an innocent victim who did not contribute to her attack.

Question 39

Rapists that are bound up in ritual in which they torment and torture their victims are labeled:

A)sadistic rapists
B)anger rapists
C)gang rapists
D)power rapists

Question 40

Date rape,statutory rape,and marital rape are subcategories of:

A)familial sexual assault
B)acquaintance rape
C)intrafamilial sexual assault
D)serial rape

Question 41

Violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group merely because the targets share a discernible racial,ethnic,religious,or gender characteristic are known as:

A)forms of instrumental violence
B)felony murders
C)subcultures of violence
D)hate crimes

Question 42

Levin notes that some people are not committed to hate but drift in and out of active bigotry.Levin called such people:

A)spectators
B)sympathizers
C)specialists
D)dabblers

Question 43

Children who are physically punished by their parents are less likely to physically abuse others or engage in other forms of criminal violence because they reject the modeling of aggression.

Question 44

____________ is the most common type of robbery,especially in urban areas.

A)Carjacking
B)Commercial robbery
C)Robbery on private premises
D)Robbery in an open area

Question 45

Who is most likely to engage in workplace violence?

A)a middle-aged white female facing termination
B)a middle-aged white male facing termination
C)a middle-aged minority female facing termination
D)a middle-aged minority male facing termination

Question 46

As with other violent crimes,the rate of rape has been on a decade-long rise with the highest monthly rates occurring in December and January.

Question 47

What is the most common motivation behind hate crime?

A)religious intolerance
B)racial bigotry
C)sexual orientation
D)bias against a disability

Question 48

Criminals who use force to obtain money or goods from people they know are engaging in what type of crime?

A)commercial robbery
B)household robbery
C)acquaintance robbery
D)negligent robbery

Question 49

The crime that requires offensive touching,such as slapping,hitting,or punching a victim is:

A)battery
B)assault
C)road rage
D)aggravated assault

Question 50

Unlike lower species,humans lack an inhibition against fatal violence toward their own species and are capable of killing their own kind in war or as a result of interpersonal conflict.

Question 51

While few in number,female murderers are most likely to kill?

A)a coworker
B)a family member
C)a stranger
D)a friend of similar social standing

Question 52

A sequential pattern of behavior that is common between the offender and victim in which actions escalate and ultimately,result in a homicide is known as?

A)a concurrent killing
B)murder transactions
C)the brutalization process
D)the virility mystique

Question 53

Women are most likely to be stalked by:

A)a stranger
B)a casual acquaintance
C)older males
D)an intimate partner

Question 54

There is evidence that a subculture of violence may be found in areas that experience concentrated poverty and social disorganization.

Question 55

Many victims fail to report rapes because they are embarrassed,believe nothing can be done,or blame themselves.

Question 56

Which of the following factors does not precipitate hate crimes?

A)stable economic conditions
B)racial stereotypes in the media
C)hate-filled discourse on talk shows
D)the use of racial "code language"

Question 57

Which of the following is not among the factors that precipitate workplace violence?

A)temporary,short-term worker unexpectedly laid-off
B)appearance of a cold and insensitive management style
C)poor service or perceived slights by clients
D)reported for sexual harassment

Question 58

When referring to serial killers,which of the following is false?

A)Ten to fifteen percent of serial killers are women.
B)Serial killers come from diverse backgrounds.
C)Most experts view serial killers as sociopaths who from early childhood demonstrate bizarre behavior.
D)A gun is often used because it allows for a quick means to kill the victim .

Question 59

Which of the following is not a factor that predicts spousal abuse?

A)flashes of anger
B)military service
C)the presence of alcohol
D)economic stability

Question 60

Any physical,emotional,or sexual trauma to a child for which no reasonable explanation,such as an accident,can be found is known as:

A)child abuse
B)elder abuse
C)hate crimes
D)cruelty to animals

Question 61

The typical armed robber is unlikely to be a professional who carefully studies targets while planning a crime.

Question 62

Discuss the nature and extent of spousal abuse.Provide at least four predictive factors of spousal abuse.

Question 63

Parents who are isolated from friends,neighbors,or relatives who can help in times of crisis may become abusive toward their children.

Question 64

A number of legal issues come into play when we speak of rape.Why is it that rape victims have so much difficulty obtaining justice and what legal reforms have been initiated to remedy this injustice?

Question 65

Gang rape victims are less likely to resist and face injury than those attacked by single offenders.

Question 66

Perpetrators of mission hate crimes rationalize their behavior as a defensive stand taken against outsiders whom they believe threaten their community or way of life.

Question 67

Identify and explain the relationship between substance abuse and violence.

Question 68

Athens links violence to early experiences of child abuse and posits that to become socialized into violence,one must complete the full cycle of the "violentization process." Identify and describe the four stages of violentization.

Question 69

Manslaughter requires the elements of malice aforethought,premeditation,and deliberation.

Question 70

Rape has been a recognized crime throughout history.Explain the historical background of rape.

Question 71

Discuss the nature and extent of child abuse.Identify at least four causes of child abuse.

Question 72

Most stalking incidents emerge from preexisting relationships and about half emerge specifically from romantic relationships.

Question 73

Define and discuss the differences among serial killing,spree killing,and mass killing.

Question 74

Research indicates that many women are raped each year by their husbands as part of an overall pattern of spousal abuse.Today,almost every state recognizes marital rape as a crime.

Question 75

Define robbery and then discuss how a professional robber differs from an opportunist robber.Which type of robbery is more common and why?

Question 76

Most states and the federal government have developed shield laws that protect women from being questioned about their sexual history unless it directly bears on the case.

Question 77

Spree killers engage in a rampage of violence taking place over a period of days or weeks.

Question 78

Discuss the nature and extent of hate crime.Include in your discussion McDevitt and Levin's three motivations for hate crime and the factors known to produce hate crime.

Question 79

Discuss the nature and extent of stalking.Who is most likely to be stalked and provide at least three reasons why.

Question 80

Some occupations are more dangerous than others.Bartenders are at greatest risk to be victims of workplace violence.