Deck 40: Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

The client has type 1 diabetes and receives insulin. He asks the nurse why he can't just take pills instead. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "I know it is tough, but you will get used to the shots soon."
B) "Insulin must be injected because it needs to work quickly."
C) "Insulin can't be in a pill because it is destroyed in stomach acid."
D) "Have you talked to your doctor about taking pills instead?"

Answer 1

"Insulin can't be in a pill because it is destroyed in stomach acid."

Question 2

The client has type 1 diabetes mellitus and receives insulin. Which laboratory test will the nurse assess?

A) potassium
B) AST (aspartate aminotransferase)
C) sodium
D) serum amylase

Answer 2

potassium

Question 3

The physician orders intravenous (IV) insulin for the client with a blood sugar of 56. The nurse administers insulin lispro (Humalog) intravenously (IV). What does the best evaluation of the nurse reveal?

A) The nurse could have given the insulin subcutaneously.
B) The nurse should have contacted the physician.
C) The nurse should have used regular insulin (Humalin R).
D) The nurse used the correct insulin.

Answer 3

The nurse should have used regular insulin (Humalin R).

Question 4

The physician orders insulin lispro (Humalog) 10 units for the client. When will the nurse administer this medication?

A) when the meal trays arrive on the floor
B) when the client is eating
C) fifteen minutes before meals
D) thirty minutes before meals

Question 5

The physician writes orders for the client with diabetes mellitus. Which order would the nurse validate with the physician?

A) Metformin (Glucophage) 1000 mg per day in divided doses.
B) Lantus insulin 20U BID.
C) Administer regular insulin 30 minutes prior to meals.
D) Use Humalog insulin for sliding scale coverage.

Question 6

The client has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. He asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

A) "The endocrine function of your pancreas is to secrete insulin."
B) "Without insulin you will develop ketoacidosis (DKA)."
C) "Your alpha cells should be able to secrete insulin, but cannot."
D) "It means your pancreas cannot secrete insulin."
E) "The exocrine function of your pancreas is to secrete insulin."

Question 7

A client with diabetes mellitus is taking oral agents, and is scheduled for a diagnostic test that requires him to be NPO (nothing by mouth). What is the best plan of the nurse with regard to giving the client his oral medications?

A) Notify the physician and request orders.
B) Administer the oral agents immediately after the test.
C) Administer the oral agents with a sip of water before the test.
D) Notify the diagnostic department and request orders.

Question 8

The nurse makes a home visit to the client with diabetes mellitus. During the visit, the nurse notes that the client's additional insulin vials are not refrigerated. What is the best action by the nurse at this time?

A) Have the client place the insulin vials in the refrigerator.
B) Tell the client there is no need to keep additional vials.
C) Have the client discard the vials.
D) Instruct the client to label each vial with the date when opened.

Question 9

The client has diabetes mellitus type 2. The nurse has taught the client about the illness and evaluates learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?

A) "My peripheral cells have increased sensitivity to insulin."
B) "My cells have increased their receptors, but there is not enough insulin."
C) "My beta cells just cannot produce enough insulin for my cells."
D) "My cells cannot use the insulin my pancreas makes."

Question 10

The client with diabetes mellitus type 1 is found unresponsive in the clinical setting. Which nursing action is a priority?

A) Call the physician STAT.
B) Treat the client for hypoglycemia.
C) Call a code.
D) Assess the client's vital signs.

Question 11

The nurse teaches a class for the public about diabetes mellitus. Which individual does the nurse assess as being at highest risk for developing diabetes?

A) the 50 -year -old client who does not get any physical exercise
B) the 56 -year -old client who drinks three glasses of wine each evening
C) the 42 -year -old client who is 25 kilograms overweight
D) the 38 -year -old client who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day

Question 12

The nurse has finished teaching a client with diabetes mellitus how to administer insulin. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?

A) "I should provide direct pressure over the site following the injection."
B) "I should only use a calibrated insulin syringe for the injections."
C) "I should check my blood sugar immediately prior to the administration."
D) "I should use the abdominal area only for insulin injections."

Question 13

The client injects his insulin as prescribed, but then gets busy and forgets to eat. What will the best assessment of the nurse reveal?

A) The client will be very thirsty.
B) The client will have moist skin.
C) The client will need to urinate.
D) The client will complain of nausea.

Question 14

The client receives metformin (Glucophage). What will the best plan of the nurse include with regard to patient education with this drug? Include all that apply.

A) It stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin.
B) It inhibits absorption of carbohydrates.
C) It must be taken with meals.
D) It reduces insulin resistance.
E) It decreases sugar production in the liver.

Question 15

The client has diabetes type 1 and receives insulin for glycemic control. The client tells the nurse that she likes to have a glass of wine with dinner. What will the best plan of the nurse for client education include?

A) The alcohol could cause pancreatic disease.
B) The alcohol could predispose you to hypoglycemia.
C) The alcohol could predispose you to hyperglycemia.
D) The alcohol could cause serious liver disease.