Deck 3: Drugs and the Nervous System

Question 1

are specialized structures located on dendrites and cell bodies for neurons that are activated by neurotransmitters.

A) Receptor sites
B) Axon terminals
C) Synapses
D) Vesicles

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Monoamine oxidase is .

A) the enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine and dopamine
B) a neurotransmitter
C) a schedule I drug
D) the part of the brain that regulates sex

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The neurotransmitter thought to be critical in the development of Alzheimer's disease is .

A) dopamine
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) serotonin

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Axons are frequently covered with a sheath known as .

A) dopamine
B) the exoskeleton
C) myelin
D) the dendritic membrane

Question 5

receptors are sometimes termed "fast" receptors because the entire process is completed in just a few milliseconds.

A) Partical
B) Channel
C) Ionotropic
D) Metabotropic

Question 6

are specialized molecules released by metabotropic receptors that may open ion channels and may initiate the synthesis of second messengers.

A) Beta-blockers
B) Anandamides
C) G proteins
D) Monoamines

Question 7

The space between neurons is the .

A) axon
B) axon terminal
C) dendrite
D) synapse

Question 8

Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter?

A) dopamine
B) norepinephrine
C) serotonin
D) acetylcholine
E) all of these are neurotransmitters

Question 9

The neurotransmitter that is active at the neuromuscular junction is .

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) myosin
D) serotonin

Question 10

If a neurotransmitter is viewed as a key, what structure would be viewed as the lock?

A) the axon
B) the synapse
C) the receptor
D) the axon terminal
E) none of these

Question 11

The site between neuron and muscle cells where chemical release causes muscle cells to contract is the ________________.

A) synapse
B) dendrite
C) neuromuscular junction
D) medulla
E) axon

Question 12

Which of the following processes are responsible for removing neurotransmitters from the synapse?

A) enzyme breakdown
B) reuptake
C) spontaneous disintegration
D) enzyme breakdown and reuptake

Question 13

The transmission of information at the synapse is:

A) chemical
B) ontogenetic
C) electrical
D) all of these

Question 14

Receptors that are coupled to ion channels that regulate the number of charged particles inside the neuron are called:

A) ionotropic
B) metabotropic
C) partical
D) channel

Question 15

A compound that occupies a receptor, but does not activate the neuron is known as a(n) .

A) agonist
B) antagonist
C) enzyme
D) neurotransmitter

Question 16

Neurotransmitters are stored in packages known as .

A) dendrites
B) vesicles
C) receptor sites
D) axons

Question 17

Neurotransmitters are released from the .

A) axon terminal
B) dendrites
C) receptor sites
D) synapse

Question 18

The electrical activity along the axon that occurs when a neuron fires is called:

A) modal current
B) action potential
C) metabotropic activity
D) tomography

Question 19

Drugs are believed to act on the nervous system by .

A) affecting the deactivation of neurotransmitters
B) mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters
C) changing the shape of the synapse
D) all of these
E) affecting the deactivation and mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters

Question 20

regulate the number of charged molecules inside and outside a neuron.

A) Metabotropic receptors
B) Ion channels
C) G proteins
D) Synapses

Question 21

One of the primary functions of the reticular activating system is to control .

A) release of hormones
B) sexual behavior
C) regulation of the autonomic nervous system
D) arousal and alertness level

Question 22

Progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions are key symptoms of:

A) Parkinson's disease
B) schizophrenia
C) serotonin syndrome
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 23

The brain structure that controls primary drives like hunger and thirst is the .

A) hippocampus
B) occipital cortex
C) hypothalamus
D) medulla

Question 24

Heroin and other opiate drugs are thought to be functionally similar to:

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) endorphins
D) GABA
E) serotonin

Question 25

LSD acts as an agonist for which of the following neurotransmitters?

A) glutamate
B) serotonin
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine

Question 26

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated during emotional arousal is the .

A) parasympathetic branch
B) sympathetic branch
C) central branch
D) peripheral branch

Question 27

Which of the following is not a monoamine?

A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) endorphin
D) norepinephrine

Question 28

What neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in Parkinson's disease?

A) dopamine
B) glycine
C) norepinephrine
D) serotonin

Question 29

Which of the following neurotransmitters is mimicked by the active chemical in marijuana?

A) anandamide
B) acetylcholine
C) GABA
D) endorphin

Question 30

Which of the following is not one of the major divisions of the human brain?

A) hindbrain
B) midbrain
C) forebrain
D) backbrain

Question 31

Norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are known collectively as .

A) enzymes
B) antidepressants
C) peptides
D) monoamines

Question 32

The brain's major inhibitory neurotransmitter is .

A) endorphin
B) L-dopa
C) GABA
D) serotonin

Question 33

, a disease characterized by severe muscle weakness and fatigue, is caused by a blockage of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Parkinson's disease
C) Muscular dystrophy
D) Myasthenia gravis

Question 34

The system that "filters" blood before it enters the brain is called the .

A) periventricular system
B) blood-brain barrier
C) neural filtration system
D) hippocampus

Question 35

What neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in schizophrenia?

A) dopamine
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) GABA

Question 36

Progressive deterioration of motor control is a key symptom of:

A) Parkinson's disease
B) schizophrenia
C) serotonin syndrome
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 37

Which of the following neurotransmitters is thought to modulate pain relief?

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) GABA
D) endorphin

Question 38

Recent research on adult neurogenesis has focused on the .

A) hippocampus
B) pons
C) medulla
D) thalamus

Question 39

Which of the following is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

A) monoamine oxidase
B) Aricept
C) L-dopa
D) Thorazine

Question 40

Some designer drugs produce what dangerous side effects?

A) Parkinson's symptoms and paralysis
B) death
C) heart attacks
D) stroke

Question 41

Phineas Gage damaged his frontal lobe in a freak accident. What problems did he experience after his injury?

A) Gage became paralyzed
B) He lost the ability to use language
C) He could no longer control his emotions or impulses
D) Gage was in a coma for 14 years

Question 42

The brain structure thought to be critical to the storage of memories is the .

A) hippocampus
B) cerebellum
C) hypothalamus
D) basal ganglia

Question 43

The space between neurons is the axon.

Question 44

Recent brain imaging research suggest that drug craving is associated with activity in the .

A) hypothalamus
B) hippocampus
C) temporal lobe
D) limbic areas

Question 45

Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme.

Question 46

A compound that occupies and activates a receptor site is called an antagonist.

Question 47

Which of the following are techniques used to assess brain damage?

A) Electroencephalography
B) Computerized axial tomography
C) Magnetic resonance imagery
D) all of these

Question 48

Which of the following is often referred to as the pleasure center?

A) the medulla
B) the thalamus
C) the cerebellum
D) mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway

Question 49

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 50

Neural firing is "all-or-none."

Question 51

What is the name of the brain structure that produces dopamine, and when damaged produces symptoms called Parkinson's disease?

A) medulla
B) thalamus
C) medial forebrain bundle
D) hippocampus
E) substantia nigra

Question 52

Most neurotransmitters bind to several different receptor subtypes.

Question 53

Magnetic resonance imagery is a method used to .

A) measure voltage in a single neuron
B) create a three-dimensional image of the brain
C) determine which chemicals are active at a given synapse
D) none of these

Question 54

Which of the following are structures of the basal ganglia?

A) hypothalamus, corpus callosum, thalamus
B) globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, putamen
C) cortex, reticular formation, hippocampus
D) none of these

Question 55

Cocaine is considered to be an indirect dopamine agonist.

Question 56

are structures in the midbrain that form part of the auditory system.

A) The substantia nigra
B) The reticular activating system
C) The inferior colliculi
D) The superior colliculi

Question 57

Which of the following techniques involves injecting radioactive isotopes into the brain?

A) CAT scan
B) PET scan
C) MRI
D) none of these

Question 58

Visual information is projected to the .

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe

Question 59

Neural transmission is said to be electrical at the synapse.

Question 60

In chronic drug users, biological changes in the neural pathways can alter responsiveness to non-drug environmental stimuli.

Question 61

Discuss the ways that brain damage can be assessed.

Question 62

What are the major branches of the human nervous system? Indicate their respective functions.

Question 63

The botulinum toxin achieves its deadly effects by blocking the release of dopamine at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 64

Monoamine oxidase breaks down acetylcholine.

Question 65

The mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway is the brain center involved with memory.

Question 66

Trace the events that occur during the transmission of information from one neuron to another.

Question 67

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance.

Question 68

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.

Question 69

List the major neurotransmitters and describe their functions.

Question 70

Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the pathways that regulate coordinated motor movements.

Question 71

New neurons continue to be born in the human brain even after a person reaches adulthood.

Question 72

Suicidal behavior in depressed individuals has been linked to excessive serotonin activity.

Question 73

GABA is the neurotransmitter thought to be critical in depression.

Question 74

Describe the ways that psychoactive drugs can act to alter neural transmission.

Question 75

Describe the removal of neurotransmitters from the synapse.

Question 76

Some designer drugs can kill neurons.

Question 77

The neurotransmitter mimicked by opiate drugs is endorphin.

Question 78

The hypothalamus is involved with the storage of memories.

Question 79

The autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic branch and the peripheral branch.