Deck 1: Drug Use and Abuse

Question 1

Which of the following is not a basis for classifying drugs?

A) street name
B) therapeutic use
C) mechanism of action
D) origin
E) all of these are bases for classification of drugs

Answer 1

E

Question 2

refers to the general occurrence of an event, usually expressed in terms of percentage of some population.

A) Incidence
B) Dependence
C) Prevalence
D) none of these

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following factors is not thought to contribute to the drug experience?

A) pharmacological factors
B) gender
C) setting of drug use
D) all of these affect the drug experience

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Respondents in the U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health are .

A) all ages
B) 12 years of age or older
C) 18 years of age or older
D) 21 years of age or older

Question 5

The barbiturates are examples of a group of drugs that is classified by .

A) chemical structure
B) mechanism of action
C) origin
D) therapeutic use

Question 6

The consensus definition of drug abuse arrived at by Rinaldi et al. centers on .

A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) harmful consequences of drug use behavior
D) societal mores

Question 7

According to the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, .

A) cigarettes are the most commonly used drugs
B) alcohol use dramatically decreased in 2010 and 2011
C) men were more likely than women to report illicit drug use in the past month
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 8

Which of the following are pharmacological factors that help us to understand the drug experience?

A) the individual's genetic make-up
B) the physical environment where the drug is taken
C) the route of drug administration
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 9

According to the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, of 18-25-year-old respondents reported at least one instance of illicit drug use in the past year.

A) less than 10%
B) between 10% and 25%
C) between 25% and 50%
D) more than 50%

Question 10

The field of is concerned with all information about the effects of drugs on living systems.

A) pharmacology
B) psychopharmacology
C) biochemistry
D) biopsychology

Question 11

Which of the following racial/ethnic differences were found in the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health?

A) Blacks showed the highest prevalence of illicit drug use in the last month.
B) Whites reported more prevalent alcohol use than Hispanics.
C) Blacks reported less prevalent alcohol use than whites.
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 12

The is an important element of the drug experience because it affects how much of a drug reaches its site of action and how quickly it gets there.

A) drug dosage
B) psychological set of the user
C) route of administration
D) setting in which the drug is used

Question 13

The field of pharmacology is allied with .

A) physics
B) biochemistry
C) physiology
D) all of these
E) biochemistry and physiology

Question 14

According to the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, is the most commonly used illicit drug.

A) alcohol
B) cocaine
C) nicotine
D) marijuana

Question 15

Calling morphine an opiate is an example of classification by .

A) site of drug action
B) chemical structure
C) mechanism of action
D) origin

Question 16

In pharmacology, a(n) is a chemically inactive substance.

A) placebo
B) psychoactive drug
C) analgesic
D) endorphin

Question 17

drugs are those that affect moods, thinking, and behavior.

A) psychoaffective
B) psychoactive
C) psychotropic
D) psychophysiological

Question 18

When it is classified by , amphetamines are known as appetite-suppressant drugs.

A) origin
B) therapeutic use
C) site of drug action
D) chemical structure

Question 19

An agent that is not part of the World Health Organization's definition of drug.

A) is a chemical entity or mixture of entities
B) alters biological function
C) is not necessary for maintenance of normal health
D) is illegal
E) may alter biological structure

Question 20

Why is alcohol and drug use in the United States important?

A) because of the controversy that drugs create
B) because of the number of people who use alcohol or drugs
C) because of the negative consequences of drug use
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 21

Which of the following is true about drug use and crime?

A) Crimes committed by heroin addicts are typically violent and are brought about because of the effects of the drug.
B) Most crimes associated with alcohol are assaultive.
C) Drug use causes crime.
D) With regard to all drug use, the use of hallucinogens shows the strongest association with crime.

Question 22

If to a drug develops, the individual must consume increasing amounts of it to achieve a desired drug effect.

A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) dependence
D) rebound effects

Question 23

Which of the following is true about the diagnosis of substance use disorder in DSM-V?

A) There is no longer a distinction made between dependence and abuse of a given substance.
B) Separate symptoms have been listed for each individual drug type.
C) The most significant criteria are tolerance and withdrawal.
D) All of these are true.
E) a and c only.

Question 24

Survey studies are seriously flawed because they do not attempt to select people who are representative of the United States population as a whole.

Question 25

In medicine, a number of symptoms that occur together and characterize a specific illness or disease is known as a ___________.

A) complex
B) simplex
C) syndrome
D) synergism

Question 26

The effects of a drug may vary between users because of the users' expectations.

Question 27

The term "drug abuse" refers to any use of drugs that are illegal in a particular society.

Question 28

The costs of alcohol and drug abuse in the United States can be measured in the of dollars.

A) hundreds of thousands
B) millions
C) billions
D) No estimate is possible.

Question 29

Which of the following is true of multiple drug use?

A) It can involve the use of alcohol and one or more other drugs.
B) It can involve taking different drugs in sequence in order to move from one drug experience to another.
C) It can result in dangerous interaction effects.
D) all of these

Question 30

Placebos are a common type of stimulant.

Question 31

Individuals in long-term hospitals were not included in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Question 32

According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, cigarettes (nicotine) are the most commonly used drugs in the United States.

Question 33

Calling amphetamines "speed" is an example of drug classification by therapeutic use.

Question 34

Which of the following countries reported the highest lifetime rate of alcohol use in the Vega et al. (2002) analysis of international survey results?

A) Canada
B) the United States
C) the Netherlands
D) Mexico

Question 35

Which organization developed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?

A) World Health Organization
B) American Psychiatric Association
C) American Psychological Association
D) American Medical Association

Question 36

Which of the following is a pattern of behavior characterized by compulsive drug use as evidenced in overwhelming involvement with the use of a drug, obtaining an adequate supply of it, and a strong tendency in resuming use of it after stopping for a period?

A) tolerance
B) withdrawal
C) craving
D) addiction

Question 37

Which of the following does not contribute to alcohol and drug abuse costs as measured in cost of illness studies?

A) motor vehicle crashes
B) individuals born with fetal alcohol syndrome
C) medical expenses
D) crime-related costs
E) All of these contribute to these figures.

Question 38

The hypothesis is that one result of repeated use of a drug in interaction with environmental factors is changes in the brain neural pathways that may heighten the reward value of the drug.

A) tolerance
B) biological
C) sensitization
D) psychoactive

Question 39

Prevalence refers to the number of first-time occurrences of some event during some time period.

Question 40

Research has indicated that there does not appear to be a link between use and crime.

A) alcohol
B) cocaine
C) barbiturates
D) marijuana

Question 41

What are the various factors that combine to produce the human drug experience?

Question 42

Describe ways in which a substance may be harmful on both an individual and a societal level.

Question 43

A diagnosis of substance use disorder in DSM-V requires that tolerance and withdrawal be observed.

Question 44

One advantage to the sale of prescription drugs on the Internet is that it is easy for officials to track these sales.

Question 45

According to the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 12-17 year-olds were more likely to use marijuana within two hours of alcohol use than were individuals who were over 25 years old.

Question 46

Tolerance refers to the ability to take more of a drug in order to achieve a better high.

Question 47

Differences in drug use patterns between demographic groups are thought to reflect innate, biological differences.

Question 48

Economic cost of illness studies pay particular attention to the psychological costs of substance abuse.

Question 49

Illicit drug use involves the use of legal substances.

Question 50

The term "withdrawal" refers to a definable illness that occurs with a cessation or decrease in use of a drug.

Question 51

According to the Vega et al. (2002) data on lifetime use of illicit drugs, Mexico reported rates comparable to those reported in the United States.

Question 52

The new version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, DSM-V, is not expected to contain any significant changes to diagnoses of substance abuse or dependence.

Question 53

Briefly describe the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. What can these surveys tell us about drug abuse in the United States? What design characteristic of the surveys may limit their findings?

Question 54

It is possible to relieve a person's withdrawal symptoms from a drug by administering the same drug.

Question 55

List and describe the criteria for a DSM-IV diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder. What factors are involved in making this diagnosis?

Question 56

List and describe the six most common systems of classifying drugs.