Deck 13: Psychotherapeutic Medications

Question 1

Distortions of reality, profoundly blunted mood, and hallucinations are all symptoms of .

A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) schizophrenia
D) none of these

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Approximately of the U.S. population experience some form of mental disorder in any given year.

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 25%
D) 75%

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The roots of psychopharmacology began in the century.

A) 17th
B) 18th
C) 19th
D) 20th

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Researchers in the 1950s used to create a "model psychosis" to study possible etiological factors contributing to mental illness.

A) marijuana
B) LSD
C) lithium
D) librium

Question 5

According to the predominant theory regarding the action of antipsychotics, psychosis is induced by increased levels of activity.

A) dopaminergic
B) serotonergic
C) acetylcholinergic
D) norepinephrinergic

Question 6

was an early treatment for severe depression and is still used today.

A) Insulin shock
B) Psychosurgery
C) Antihistamine treatment
D) Electroshock therapy

Question 7

The term is used to describe those drugs which have a special or unique effect on the mind or mental functioning.

A) hallucinogenic
B) psychotronic
C) psychopharmacological
D) psychotherapeutic

Question 8

Depression is believed to result from deficiencies of .

A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) catecholamines
D) all of these
E) serotonin and catecholamines only

Question 9

Research has demonstrated a link between depression and atrophy and cell loss in the .

A) hippocampus
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) pons

Question 10

Which of the following was not involved in the development of a classification system of mental illnesses in the 1800's?

A) J. E. Esquirol
B) John Cade
C) Emil Kraepelin
D) Phillip Pinel

Question 11

The effects of antipsychotic medications on the serve to moderate or blunt emotional arousal.

A) hypothalamus
B) limbic system
C) reticular activating system
D) cerebellum

Question 12

According to the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, what percentage of U.S. adults with one mental disorder also met criteria for at least one other disorder?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 45%
D) 70%

Question 13

According to the hypothesis, tricyclic antidepressants are believed to block the uptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft.

A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) catecholamine
D) none of these

Question 14

drugs account for a small fraction of psychotherapeutic prescriptions.

A) Antianxiety
B) Antidepressant
C) Antipsychotic
D) Antimanic

Question 15

The most common method of drug classification in psychiatry is by .

A) chemical structure
B) therapeutic usage
C) clinical actions
D) sites of action

Question 16

National surveys suggest that approximately of patients receiving medication report symptomatic relief with psychotherapeutic drugs.

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 17

Tardive dyskinesia is most characterized by .

A) repetitive involuntary movements of the mouth and tongue
B) impaired sexual functioning
C) tremor
D) blank rigidity

Question 18

The effects of antipsychotic medications on the generally moderate spontaneous activity and decrease reactivity to stimuli.

A) hypothalamus
B) limbic system
C) reticular activating system
D) cerebellum

Question 19

was synthesized in 1950 by Paul Charpentier, was initially used as an anesthesia in surgery, and was later widely used for its calming effects on agitated psychotic patients.

A) Chlorpromazine
B) LSD
C) Clozaril
D) Reserpine

Question 20

The action of antipsychotics on the produce some profound side effects.

A) limbic system
B) hypothalamus
C) reticular activating system
D) basal ganglia

Question 21

Depressant drugs like barbiturates and benzodiazepines influence which neurotransmitter system?

A) endorphin
B) dopamine
C) GABA
D) serotonin

Question 22

Dependence can develop to which of the following?

A) barbiturates
B) methaqualone
C) benzodiazepines
D) all of these

Question 23

A drug that induces sleep is called a(n) drug.

A) sedative
B) hallucinogen
C) stimulant
D) anorectic

Question 24

Which of the following is a short-acting benzodiazepine?

A) Halcion
B) Librium
C) Valium
D) Xanax

Question 25

Which of the following is a benzodiazepine tranquilizer?

A) Librium (chlordiazepoxide)
B) Valium (diazepam)
C) Xanax (alprazolam)
D) all of these

Question 26

Which of the following is true of depressant drugs?

A) they show cross-tolerance
B) they show cross-dependence
C) they potentiate one another
D) all of these

Question 27

The effects of barbiturates are similar to those of .

A) cocaine
B) caffeine
C) alcohol
D) amphetamines

Question 28

Reduction of pain by rendering the patient unconscious is called .

A) local anesthesia
B) general anesthesia
C) analgesia
D) anxiolytic action

Question 29

Users of must avoid most cheeses and some alcoholic beverages in their diets.

A) MAOIs
B) cyclics
C) Prozac
D) chlorpromazine

Question 30

is an herb that has been used extensively in Europe for mild to moderate depression.

A) Clozaril
B) Prozac
C) Thorazine
D) St. John's wort

Question 31

Which of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from barbiturates?

A) rebound insomnia
B) tremors
C) convulsions
D) all of these

Question 32

Methaqualone (Quaaludes) is currently a schedule drug.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 33

Which of the following is most likely to cause a lethal overdose?

A) benzodiazepines
B) buspirone
C) barbiturates
D) caffeine

Question 34

Which of the following is a barbiturate?

A) Nembutal
B) chloroform
C) amphetamine
D) diazepam

Question 35

A drug that reduces anxiety is called a(n) drug.

A) anxiolytic
B) sedative-hypnotic
C) stimulant
D) anorectic

Question 36

Tolerance develops to the effects of .

A) barbiturates
B) methaqualone
C) benzodiazepines
D) all of these

Question 37

Which of the following is/are depressants?

A) barbiturates
B) amphetamines
C) cocaine
D) all of these

Question 38

The man who discovered that nitrous oxide could be used in anesthesia was .

A) Timothy Leary
B) William Halstead
C) Horace Wells
D) Lefty Driesell

Question 39

Although barbiturates induce sleep, they also .

A) suppress REM sleep
B) cause tachycardia
C) increase heart rate
D) produce paranoid symptoms

Question 40

Which of the following are effects of barbiturates?

A) respiratory depression
B) loss of motor coordination
C) sleep
D) all of these

Question 41

Benzodiazepines produce in animals.

A) antipunishment effects
B) exhaustion
C) excitement
D) increased heart rate

Question 42

In endogenous depression, the symptoms are thought to be in reaction to a particular situation or event.

Question 43

The most promising aspect of the new antipsychotic, Clozaril, is the absence of reported side effects.

Question 44

The majority of individuals diagnosed with mental disorders first experience the symptoms in early middle age.

Question 45

Buspirone is thought to act through the system.

A) GABA
B) endorphin
C) dopamine
D) serotonin

Question 46

The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are all reversible upon cessation of the medication.

Question 47

A common name for flunitrazepam is .

A) crack
B) horse
C) lady
D) roofies

Question 48

The psychotherapeutic use of stimulants is particularly effective with severely depressed patients.

Question 49

Which of the following is a nonbenzodiazepine anti-anxiety drug?

A) Halcion
B) BuSpar
C) Valium
D) Librium

Question 50

Greater use of psychotherapeutics is found in those with more education and higher income levels.

Question 51

Symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal include .

A) anxiety
B) rebound insomnia
C) tremors
D) all of these

Question 52

Since 1955, there has been a significant increase in the number of hospitalized psychiatric patients in the U.S.

Question 53

One unusual feature of the withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines is that .

A) they include heavy sleeping
B) they may not appear for several days after quitting
C) they can be suppressed by cocaine
D) none of these; there are no withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines

Question 54

Manic patients are most commonly prescribed to stabilize their moods.

A) lithium
B) prozac
C) librium
D) thorazine

Question 55

Over 90% of the patients receiving antipsychotic medication experience extrapyramidal side effects.

Question 56

The prevalence of psychotherapeutic medication use is twice as high among men as among women.

Question 57

One side effect of benzodiazepine use is .

A) increased blood pressure
B) anterograde amnesia
C) depression
D) none of these

Question 58

Which of the following drug(s) can be used in the treatment of mania by patients who cannot tolerate lithium or do not respond to its effects?

A) Wellbutrin
B) Tegretol
C) Clozaril
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 59

Benzodiazepines are thought to act through .

A) the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex
B) the serotonin system
C) the dopamine system
D) none of these

Question 60

is the only drug in psychiatry for which there is effective prophylaxis against disease recurrence.

A) Prozac
B) Chlorpromazine
C) Lithium
D) Haldol

Question 61

An anxiolytic drug is a drug that induces anxiety.

Question 62

Cyclic antidepressants are generally more effective in the treatment of depression than are MAOIs.

Question 63

Although overdosing on cyclics is a very real concern, overdosing on MAOIs is not common.

Question 64

Compare and contrast the effects and uses of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. In what ways are they similar? Why are benzodiazepines most widely used today?

Question 65

What are the effects of psychotherapeutic drugs on pregnancy?

Question 66

The therapeutic effects of cyclics and MAOIs usually occur within hours of administration.

Question 67

Most drug overdose deaths are due to the combined effects of taking more than one drug.

Question 68

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of barbiturate use. Why has their use declined in recent years?

Question 69

Describe the dopamine hypothesis of the action of antipsychotics. What findings support or fail to support this hypothesis?

Question 70

Benzodiazepines are not associated with tolerance.

Question 71

Research has shown that lithium and the benzodiazepines are safe to take during pregnancy.

Question 72

Describe the catecholamine and serotonin hypotheses of antidepressant action.

Question 73

Describe the side effects that may be encountered with the use of antipsychotics. How may these side effects be controlled?

Question 74

Barbiturates decrease heart rate and blood pressure at higher doses.

Question 75

One flaw in the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008 is that it does not require a patient to meet with a physician face-to-face in order to obtain a prescription.

Question 76

Unlike barbiturates, benzodiazepines do not produce dependence.

Question 77

Among the side effects encountered with MAOI use are impaired sexual functioning and dizziness.