Question 1

A child with acute glomerulonephritis is in the playroom,and experiences blurred vision and headache.Which action should be taken by the nurse?&#10;A)Check the urine to see if hematuria has increased.&#10;B)Obtain a blood pressure reading on the child and notify the physician.&#10;C)Reassure the child and encourage bedrest until the headache improves.&#10;D)Obtain serum electrolytes and send urinalysis to the lab.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Blurred vision and headache can be signs of elevated blood pressure, which can be a complication of acute glomerulonephritis. Checking urine for hematuria, encouraging bedrest, and obtaining serum electrolytes and urinalysis are all appropriate interventions, but the priority is to obtain a blood pressure reading and notify the physician.

Question 2

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis.The nurse would expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show which results?&#10;A)Bacteriuria,hematuria&#10;B)Hematuria,proteinuria&#10;C)Bacteriuria,increased specific gravity&#10;D)Proteinuria,decreased specific gravity&#10;

Accepted Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, leading to hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine). Bacteriuria (presence of bacteria in the urine) and specific gravity changes are not common findings in acute glomerulonephritis.

Question 3

Which symptoms are characteristic of a preschool-age child with a urinary tract infection?&#10;A)Foul-smelling urine,elevated blood pressure BP,hematuria&#10;B)Severe flank pain,nausea,headache&#10;C)Headache,hematuria,vertigo&#10;D)Urgency,dysuria,fever&#10;

Accepted Answer

Preschool-age children with urinary tract infections typically experience symptoms such as urgency (sudden need to go to the bathroom), dysuria (pain or discomfort during urination), and fever. Foul-smelling urine and hematuria (blood in the urine) may also be present. Severe flank pain, nausea, headache, and vertigo are less common in preschool-age children with urinary tract infections. High blood pressure is not typically a symptom of a urinary tract infection in this age group.

Question 4

A 4-year-old has acute glomerulonephritis,and is admitted to the hospital.Which is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this child?&#10;A)Risk for injury related to loss of blood in urine&#10;B)Fluid volume excess related to decreased plasma filtration&#10;C)Risk for infection related to hypertension&#10;D)Altered growth and development related to a chronic disease&#10;

Accepted Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis can lead to decreased plasma filtration, which can cause fluid volume excess. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis would be fluid volume excess related to decreased plasma filtration. The other options are not directly related to the condition and symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis.

Question 5

A child in renal failure has hyperkalemia.The nurse plans to instruct the child and the parents to avoid which of the following foods?&#10;A)Bananas,carrots,and green leafy vegetables&#10;B)Chips,cold cuts,and canned foods&#10;C)Spaghetti and meat sauce,and breadsticks&#10;D)Hamburger on a bun and cherry Jell-O&#10;

Accepted Answer

Bananas, carrots, and green leafy vegetables are high in potassium and should be avoided in patients with hyperkalemia. The other options listed do not contain high levels of potassium.

Question 6

A child has undergone a kidney transplant,and is receiving cyclosporine.The parents ask the nurse about the reason for the cyclosporine.Which is the correct explanation of the drug's purpose?&#10;A)It boosts immunity.&#10;B)It suppresses rejection.&#10;C)It decreases pain.&#10;D)It improves circulation.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug that helps suppress the body's immune response and prevent rejection of the transplanted kidney.

Question 7

A child has been admitted to the hospital unit with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome.The clinical manifestations will include which signs and/or symptoms?&#10;A)Hematuria,bacteriuria,weight gain&#10;B)Gross hematuria,albuminuria,fever&#10;C)Massive proteinuria,hypoalbuminemia,edema&#10;D)Hypertension,weight loss,proteinuria&#10;

Accepted Answer

The clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome include massive proteinuria (excessive loss of protein in the urine), hypoalbuminemia (low levels of albumin in the blood), and edema (swelling caused by fluid accumulation). Hematuria (blood in the urine), bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine), and fever are not typically associated with this condition. Gross hematuria (visible blood in the urine) may be present in other types of kidney disease, but not minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Hypertension (high blood pressure) and weight loss are also not typical manifestations of this condition.

Question 8

A nurse is preparing to admit a child with possible obstructive uropathy.The nurse should expect to draw which lab on this child?&#10;A)Platelet count&#10;B)BUN and creatinine&#10;C)Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)&#10;D)Blood culture&#10;

Accepted Answer

Obstructive uropathy can cause a backup of urine, leading to potential kidney damage and increased levels of waste products in the blood. BUN and creatinine tests are commonly used to assess kidney function and determine if there is any renal impairment. The other lab tests (A, C, and D) are not specifically related to obstructive uropathy.

Question 9

The nurse teaches parents that the anticholinergic drug used to treat enuresis is:&#10;A)Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP).&#10;B)Oxybutynin (Ditropan).&#10;C)Imipramine (Tofranil).&#10;D)Spironolactone (Aldactone).&#10;

Accepted Answer

Oxybutynin (Ditropan) is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat enuresis by reducing bladder contractions and increasing bladder capacity. Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is a synthetic hormone used to treat enuresis by reducing the amount of urine produced at night. Imipramine (Tofranil) is a tricyclic antidepressant that also has anticholinergic effects and is sometimes used to treat enuresis. Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a diuretic medication that is not commonly used to treat enuresis.

Question 10

A child is undergoing hemodialysis.For which complication should the child be concerned?&#10;A)Shock&#10;B)Hypertension&#10;C)Neutropenia&#10;D)Headaches&#10;

Accepted Answer

Shock is a life-threatening condition that can occur during hemodialysis. It is caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure, which can lead to organ damage and death.

Question 11

Which should be included in discharge instructions for care of a child after an orchiopexy?&#10;A)Information to the parents about the child resuming normal vigorous activities&#10;B)Discussion with the parents about the low incidence of testicular malignancy and no further need for any follow-up&#10;C)Explanation to the parents about the need for loose and nonrestrictive clothing&#10;D)Reassurance to the parents that infertility is not a future risk&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should be included in discharge instructions...

Question 12

The nurse is performing a newborn assessment on a male infant with hypospadias.Identify which picture depicts the expected assessment finding.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is performing a newborn assessment...

Question 13

A child is scheduled for a kidney transplant.The nurse has completed the preop teaching to prepare the child and parents for the surgery and postop considerations.The nurse will know the parents realistically understand the transplantation process that is involved with a kidney transplant if they make which statement?

A)"We know it's important to see that our child takes prescribed medications after the transplant."
B)"We'll be glad we won't have to bring our child in to see the doctor again."
C)"We're happy our child won't have to take any more medicine after the transplant."
D)"We understand our child won't be at risk anymore for catching colds from other children at school."

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child is scheduled for a kidney...

Question 14

A child with nephrotic syndrome is severely edematous.The doctor has placed him on bedrest.Which would be an important nursing intervention for this child?&#10;A)Reposition the child every 2 hours.&#10;B)Monitor blood pressure every 2 hours.&#10;C)Encourage fluids.&#10;D)Limit visitors.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child with nephrotic syndrome is severely...

Question 15

A child with nephrotic syndrome has been placed on prednisone.The nurse knows that for this syndrome,prednisone will be given how often?&#10;A)Daily for 6 weeks,then 6 weeks of alternate-day doses&#10;B)Daily for 1 week&#10;C)On a short-burst schedule&#10;D)Infrequently&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child with nephrotic syndrome has been...

Deck 54: The Child With Alterations in Genitourinary Function