Deck 34: Infant,child,and Adolescent Nutrition

Question 1

During a well-child physical,a 16-year-old girl has a normal history and physical except for an excessive amount of tooth enamel erosion,a greater-than-normal number of filled cavities,and calluses on the back of her hand.Her body mass index is in the 50-75^th percentile for her age.The nurse would be most concerned about:

A)Anorexia nervosa.
B)Kwashiorkor.
C)Bulimia nervosa.
D)Marasmus.

Answer 1

Bulimia nervosa.

Question 2

The nurse is planning a teaching seminar for parents interested in learning about general nutrition concepts,and prepares information to assess intake for children living in the United States.The nurse plans to include which of the following dietary standards? Select all that apply.

A)Dietary reference intakes
B)Recommended daily nutrient intakes
C)Adequate intake and reference nutrient intake
D)MyPyramid food guide

Answer 2

Dietary reference intakes
MyPyramid food guide

Question 3

The nurse collects the weight,height,and length of a child,and calculates the child's BMI to be in the 10^th percentile.Previous assessments indicate the child's BMI was also in the 10^th percentile.The nurse should explain to the parent that this assessment reveals:

A)Overnutrition.
B)Undernutrition.
C)Consistent growth.
D)Inconsistent growth.

Answer 3

Consistent growth.

Question 4

During a 4-month-old's well child checkup,the nurse discusses introduction of solid foods into the infant's diet and concerns for foods commonly associated with food allergies.Therefore,the parents are instructed to delay until after 1 year of age introduction of:

A)Strawberries,eggs,and wheat.
B)Honey,tomatoes,and spinach.
C)Carrots,beets,and spinach.
D)Squash,pork,and tomatoes.

Question 5

While teaching parents of a newborn about normal growth and development,the nurse informs them that their child's weight should:

A)Triple by 6 months of age.
B)Double by 1 year of age.
C)Double by 5 months of age.
D)Triple by 9 months of age.

Question 6

While teaching the parents of a newborn about infant care and feeding,the nurse instructs the parents to:

A)Delay supplemental foods until the infant is 4-6 months old.
B)Delay supplemental foods until the infant reaches 15 pounds or heavier.
C)Begin diluted fruit juice at 2 months of age,but wait 3-5 days before trying a new food.
D)Add rice cereal to the nighttime feeding if the infant is having difficulty sleeping after 2 months of age.

Question 7

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-month-old infant about good feeding habits.The nurse emphasizes the importance of holding the baby during feeding and not letting the infant go to sleep with the bottle,as this is most likely to increase the incidence of both dental caries and:

A)Otitis media.
B)Aspiration.
C)Malocclusion problems.
D)Sleeping disorders.

Question 8

A nurse is talking to the mother of an exclusively breastfed 3-month-old infant who was born in late fall.The nurse would want to make sure that this child is receiving:

A)Iron.
B)Vitamin D.
C)Fluoride.
D)Calcium.

Question 9

A 6-year-old recently diagnosed with asthma also has a peanut allergy.The nurse instructs the family not only to avoid peanuts,but also to check food label ingredients carefully for peanut products and to make sure dishes and utensils are adequately washed prior to food preparation.The mother asks why this is necessary for her child.The nurse should reply that in comparison with other children with a peanut allergy,this child has a greater risk for:

A)Urticaria.
B)Diarrhea.
C)Anaphylaxis.
D)Headache.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a female adolescent with bulimia.She admits to vomiting 6-8 times a day.The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient is:

A)Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume related to fluid volume loss.
B)Disturbed Body Image related to low self-esteem.
C)Anxiety related to discomfort with eating patterns.
D)Fatigue related to insufficient calories.

Question 11

The nurse has been providing nutritional guidance to the parents of an 18-month-old.The comment by a parent that would prompt the nurse to provide the parent with further education is:

A)"We allow our child to drink only pasteurized apple cider."
B)"We take the meat out of the freezer,and then allow it to thaw on the counter for two to three hours before cooking it thoroughly."
C)"We always wash our hands well before any food preparation."
D)"We use separate utensils for preparing raw meat and preparing fruits,vegetables,and other foods."

Question 12

The parents of a 2½-year-old are concerned about their child's finicky eating habits.While counseling the parents,the nurse would accurately make which statements? Select all that apply.

A)"The child is experiencing physiologic anorexia,which is normal for this age group."
B)"A general guideline for food quantity at a meal is one-quarter cup of each food per year of age."
C)"It is more appropriate to assess a toddler's nutritional demands over a one-week period rather than over a twenty-four-hour one."
D)"Nutritious foods should be made available at all times of the day,so that the child is able to 'graze' whenever he is hungry."
E)"The toddler should drink sixteen to twenty four ounces of milk daily."

Question 13

A vegetarian adolescent has been placed on iron supplementation secondary to a diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia.To increase the absorption of iron,the nurse would instruct the teen to take the supplement with:

A)Black or green tea.
B)Orange juice.
C)Milk.
D)Tomato juice.

Question 14

The mother of a 2-year-old is concerned because her child does not seem interested in eating.The child is drinking about 5-6 cups of whole milk per day and 1 cup of fruit juice.When the weight-to-height percentile is calculated,the child is in the 90-95 ^th percentile.What would be the best advice for the nurse to give this mother?

A)Eliminate the fruit juice from the child's diet.
B)Offer healthy snacks,presented in a creative manner,and let the child choose what she wants to eat without pressure from the parents.
C)Change from whole milk to 2% milk and decrease milk consumption to 3-4 cups per day and the fruit juice to one-half cup per day,offering water if the child is still thirsty in between.
D)Make sure that the child is getting adequate opportunities for exercise,as this will increase her appetite and help lower her weight-to-height percentile.

Question 15

While teaching a health-promotion class to a group of parents of children in a Head Start class,the nurse informs the parents that the most common preventable chronic infectious disease in U.S.children is:

A)Hepatitis A.
B)Dental decay.
C)Human immunodeficiency virus.
D)Herpes.