Deck 21: Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest, and Social Status

Question 1

All of the following are common reasons why women have traditionally been less involved in common-interest association than men except:

A)domestic duties.
B)restrictions by male-dominated culture.
C)childrearing responsibilities.
D)few choices of established associations.
E)low level of interest in social activities.

Answer 1

low level of interest in social activities.

Question 2

Which cultural group has an age grade that has the eunoto ceremony to mark the passage from Warrior age grade to that of Junior adults,able to marry and start families?

A)Tiriki
B)Maasai
C)Yakuza
D)Zuni
E)Ju/'hoansi

Answer 2

Maasai

Question 3

What is an eruv?

A)A Tiriki age grade of warriors
B)A Turkish volunteer organization
C)A Jewish communal space
D)A Canadian political organization
E)Part of the African Burial Project

Answer 3

A Jewish communal space

Question 4

A society in which older people are treated with high levels of respect as repositories of great cultural wisdom and teachings is most likely to be associated with which of the following?

A)A market economy
B)Industrial production
C)Oral tradition
D)Advanced education
E)Literacy

Question 5

The gangs known as "Bloods" and "Crips" are examples of which of the following?

A)Judicial associations
B)Gendered associations
C)Common-interest associations
D)Age grades
E)Age sets

Question 6

The North American life stages of toddlerhood,teenager,adult,and senior citizen are also known as:

A)open classes.
B)class strata.
C)age grades.
D)social classes.
E)common-interest groupings.

Question 7

In many cultures,the social position of an individual in a specific life stage is commonly marked by each of the following except:

A)hairstyle.
B)body paint.
C)tattoos.
D)insignia.
E)weight.

Question 8

All of the following are recognized age grades among the Tiriki of East Africa except:

A)Ritual Elders.
B)Wise Elders.
C)Elder Warriors.
D)Judicial Elders.
E)Warriors.

Question 9

What is the purpose of the eruv?

A)It marks a spatial domain as private and enclosed.
B)It marks a spatial domain as public and open access.
C)It is a temple where Jews can worship.
D)It is a marketplace where only kosher products are sold.
E)None of these.

Question 10

In the current digital age,there are common associations based on virtual communities,including Facebook,which has approximately how many subscribers worldwide?

A)3 billion
B)1 billion
C)750 million
D)500 million
E)50 million

Question 11

Mundurucu see the relations between the sexes as one of opposition and challenge.This is based on:

A)the high cost of bridewealth.
B)the power and dominance women hold in the political sphere.
C)their practice of polyandry.
D)their religious belief system.
E)their subsistence system.

Question 12

Associations resulting from an act of joining because of similar activities and interests are called:

A)common-hobby association.
B)common-interest association.
C)age-grade association.
D)voluntary regional association.
E)voluntary activity association.

Question 13

Which cultural group recognizes the eruv as a religious living space?

A)Fundamentalist Muslims
B)Orthodox Jews
C)Evangelical Baptists
D)Reformed Jews
E)Calvinists

Question 14

Experts predict that in the U.S. ,the population reaching elder status (senior citizens of 65 years and older)will grow to about__________________million by 2030.

A)120
B)100
C)90
D)70
E)40

Question 15

The designation of various life stages for an individual is the basis for:

A)formation of social groups.
B)instruction of life skills.
C)economic assistance.
D)challenging religious ideology.
E)creation of social identity.

Question 16

What U.S.organization exists so that Ghanaians can maintain their cultural identification with their local chiefs in Africa?

A)Ghanaian Cultural Association
B)Ghanaian Dance and Ritual Association
C)African Burial Project
D)Asanteman Association of the USA
E)Ibo Cultural Group of the USA

Question 17

Among the__________________of the Amazon,men not only work apart from women,but eat and sleep separately as well.

A)Mundurucu
B)Kapauku
C)Ju/'hoansi
D)Iroquois
E)Ibo

Question 18

Among the Tiriki of East Africa,each of the age grades last approximately how many years?

A)15
B)7
C)23
D)12
E)30

Question 19

A formally established group of people born during a certain time span who move together through various life stages is called an age:

A)set.
B)grade.
C)group.
D)status.
E)stage.

Question 20

Why did Jews establish eruvin more than 2,000 years ago?

A)To form a their own governmental unit
B)To form a common-interest association based on bureaucracy
C)To allow them to adhere to their religious laws
D)To allow them to live separated from the entrance of any outsiders
E)To form a communal identity that had no involvement with the surrounding society

Question 21

A society composed of several groups that differ in their access to resources and prestige is said to be:

A)stratified.
B)unstratified.
C)egalitarian.
D)open.
E)accessible.

Question 22

What is the primary significance of the African Burial Project?

A)It has provided information on the physical brutality of slavery and the attempt of various Africans to retain their cultures even through burial rituals.
B)It has provided a full understanding of the economic commerce and trade networks of slavery in New York.
C)It has uncovered the importance of burial rituals for individuals living during this historical period.
D)It has provided information on the Underground Railroad that operated throughout the eastern half of the United States.
E)It has provided an area where future forensic anthropologists can be trained.

Question 23

You are a member of a Ju/'hoansi hunter-gatherer band.Which of the following statements demonstrates that you belong to an egalitarian society as opposed to a stratified society?

A)Your father is a poor hunter,and your family is not allowed to make political decisions for the group.
B)You are a poor hunter so you must supplement your income by working as a day laborer in nearby cities.
C)Even though you are a poor hunter,you have as much right to receive food from your fellow band members as a good hunter does.
D)Because your father is a poor hunter,your hunting ability is not allowed to develop;you are not given access to the knowledge and training required to develop this ability.
E)You are rewarded lavishly for being the best hunter in the group.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a factor in determining what caste one is assigned in the Indian caste system?

A)Occupation
B)Food habits
C)Wealth
D)Dress
E)Ideas of purity and pollution

Question 25

What is the world's longest surviving social hierarchy that encompasses a complex ranking of social groups on the basis of ritual purity?

A)American social system
B)Japanese caste system
C)English system of royalty
D)Hindu caste system
E)Buddhist caste system

Question 26

Which family structure provides an easier chance for social mobility?

A)Extended family
B)Blended family
C)Nuclear family
D)Single-parent household
E)Class stratification

Question 27

Social classes are closed in__________________,where membership in hierarchically ranked groups known as castes is determined by birth and remains fixed for life according to social and religious mandates.

A)China
B)India
C)Vietnam
D)Thailand
E)Bolivia

Question 28

All of the following are true of Indian harijan except:

A)they endure discrimination based on their birth status.
B)they make up about 15% of the Indian population.
C)even their shadows are considered polluting.
D)they are currently involved in a civil rights movement in India.
E)they are quickly disappearing.

Question 29

Anthropologist Sue Ellen Jacobs did a social impact assessment regarding a water diversion project in New Mexico and indicated all of the following problems and risks except:

A)loss of fishing and other water resources.
B)problems associated with relocation.
C)increased threat of drowning.
D)increased insect breeding.
E)decreased government land control.

Question 30

A set of families that enjoy equal or nearly equal prestige according to a system of evaluation is called a(n):

A)caste.
B)class.
C)age grade.
D)age set.
E)kindred.

Question 31

Dider Drogba hopes to bring positive change and reconciliation through:

A)organized union strikes.
B)being ambassador to South Africa.
C)paid incentives.
D)football diplomacy.
E)governmental level peace talks.

Question 32

Which of the following is a special form of social class in which membership is determined by birth and remains fixed for life?

A)Clan
B)Phratry
C)Caste
D)Class
E)Kindred

Question 33

Activities and possessions that are indicative of class are called:

A)class indications.
B)symbolic indicators.
C)symbolic classes.
D)class markers.
E)strata.

Question 34

In the U.S. ,any project requiring a federal permit or license,or using federal funds,by law must be preceded by a(n):

A)needs assessment.
B)archaeological assessment.
C)cultural assessment.
D)assessment of feasibility.
E)social impact statement.

Question 35

All of the following are associated with social impact assessments in the U.S.except:

A)the purpose of the assessment is to determine whether the project will have a positive or negative impact on the immediate community.
B)the social impact assessment is required in the U.S.for any projects using federal funds.
C)the assessment is considered part of the environmental review process.
D)anthropologists do not frequently participate in social impact assessments.
E)the assessment should address how the impact will occur on the community.

Question 36

The ability to change one's class position is called:

A)open class.
B)egalitarianism.
C)social mobility.
D)common-interest societies.
E)caste avoidance.

Question 37

Most African slaves found in the burial ground in New York died early.Few lived past the age of:

A)15.
B)25.
C)40.
D)50.
E)65.

Question 38

The Dalits women's movements in India illustrates that even long-established practices can be:

A)challenged.
B)practical.
C)legal.
D)ethical.
E)essential.

Question 39

The word apartheid,the abolished racial segregation practice in South Africa,means__________________in Afrikaans/Dutch.

A)superior
B)color
C)separation
D)ranking
E)better

Question 40

The artists and laborers are members of which caste in India?

A)Sudras
B)Harijan
C)Vaisyas
D)Brahmans
E)Kshatriyas

Question 41

Recently,in North America,there has been a dramatic increase in common-interest associations.

Question 42

Societies that promote a great deal of upward and downward mobility are called open class societies.

Question 43

Today,some 30% of the American population is classified as living in poverty.

Question 44

The Tiriki have a eunoto ceremony in which young girls are initiated into womanhood.

Question 45

Age sets are distinct from simple age grades.

Question 46

Recently,Drogba began to use his status as a top soccer player from Cote d'Ivoire to promote peace.

Question 47

In American society,age does not play a role in social organization.

Question 48

Social impact assessments are required of any projects that use bank loans or any type of borrowed monies.

Question 49

The African Burial Project sadly confirmed what we already knew about slavery and brought forth very little new information.

Question 50

All societies offer the chance of social mobility.

Question 51

The Dalits are also known as the Sudras in the caste system.

Question 52

The eruv is a Jewish communal space.

Question 53

South Africa during apartheid years was a pluralistic country with social stratification.

Question 54

The American Anthropological Association is considered a common-interest association.

Question 55

From the age of nine,Mundurucu males live with adult men in the men's house.

Question 56

All human societies have some division of labor along gender lines.

Question 57

Because they are usually in more sociable positions,women tend to have more common-interest associations than men.

Question 58

The caste system remains deeply entrenched in Hindu culture and is still widespread throughout southern Asia,especially in rural India.

Question 59

Differences in life chances may also signal differences in class standing.

Question 60

The Gulabi Gang,dressed in pick saris,is primarily made up of Dalits who are fighting for civil rights in India.

Question 61

Define symbolic indicators,and give an example.

Question 62

Compare and contrast open and closed class societies.

Question 63

In what ways does India's caste system resemble the South African system of apartheid?

Question 64

Contrast the concepts of class and caste.

Question 65

What were the findings of the social impact assessment of the water diversion project in New Mexico,and why are their findings important?

Question 66

Who are the Dalits,and what is their current status in India?

Question 67

In general,why do women usually have less involvement in common-interest associations than men?

Question 68

What are the social contexts in which common-interest organizations are found?

Question 69

What is social mobility,and what types of situations of it are most likely?

Question 70

Discuss the differences between age grade and age set.

Question 71

How has digital technology changed common-interest associations?

Question 72

Describe grouping by age.

Question 73

Describe the Indian caste system.

Question 74

What is social impact assessment? Give an example.

Question 75

Explain how new reproductive technologies challenge our understandings of kinship.

Question 76

Name four variables by which societies form social groups.

Question 77

Explain the purpose of the Jewish eruv.

Question 78

How does the life stage of old age differ between a society of oral traditions and our own society?

Question 79

How do Ashanti migrants in New York City maintain a sense of cultural identity?

Question 80

How are the Dalits challenging the Indian caste structure today?