Question 1

If employers maintain that they can protect employees from hazards better than employees can,this is incompatible with employees' .&#10;A)dignity&#10;B)right to work&#10;C)autonomy&#10;D)safety

Accepted Answer

Autonomy refers to the idea of self-governance and the freedom to make decisions for oneself. If employers maintain that they can protect employees better than employees can, it suggests a lack of trust and undermines the autonomy of the employees to protect themselves. While safety may seem like the obvious answer, the statement is specifically about the comparative ability to protect against hazards, not just overall safety.

Question 2

In determining whether workers assumed a risk by choice,a case not finding evidence of coercion means that .&#10;A)workers were not forced to accept jobs&#10;B)other jobs may have been more hazardous&#10;C)there may have been other people willing to accept the jobs&#10;D)not all jobs were hazardous

Accepted Answer

If there is no evidence of coercion, it indicates that workers were not forced or coerced into accepting the job. Therefore, they made a voluntary decision to assume the risk associated with the job. The other options (B, C, and D) do not necessarily follow from the absence of coercion.

Question 3

Part of the reason that employees can be said to voluntarily assume risk for hazardous jobs is that .&#10;A)the jobs require special skills&#10;B)the pay is higher&#10;C)information is always available about the jobs&#10;D)many people are willing to do the jobs

Accepted Answer

One reason that employees are willing to take on hazardous jobs is because they are typically compensated at a higher rate than less risky positions. This increased pay is seen as commensurate with the increased risk.

Question 4

Sex discrimination may apply to jobs that pose fetal health risks because .&#10;A)women in certain jobs may be subject to sexual harassment&#10;B)pregnant women may have certain skills that others lack&#10;C)pregnant women may decide to take less-hazardous jobs&#10;D)employers may bar women from holding certain jobs

Accepted Answer

Sex discrimination may occur if employers bar women from certain jobs due to concerns about fetal health risks. This denies women the opportunity to work in certain fields, limiting their career opportunities and perpetuating gender-based stereotypes. Allowing women to make informed choices about their work and providing accommodations for pregnant workers can also help address fetal health risks without resorting to discriminatory practices.

Question 5

The drawback for the subjective standard of hazard assessment on the part of the employee is that .&#10;A)the employee may not be the one in most danger&#10;B)the employee may not have expert judgment&#10;C)employees will be looking after their own interests&#10;D)employers cannot be counted on to look after their employees' interests

Accepted Answer

The subjective standard may not always reflect expert judgment, which could result in incorrect hazard assessments.

Question 6

Employers can defend themselves from responsibility for a workplace accident by claiming that .&#10;A)the accident was preventable&#10;B)the worker knew the risks&#10;C)the worker was negligent&#10;D)the accident was unavoidable

Accepted Answer

Employers can defend themselves from responsibility by claiming that the worker was negligent, meaning that they failed to exercise a reasonable standard of care in their actions. However, if the employer was found to have contributed to the negligence or if the worker was not adequately trained, the employer may still be held liable. Choices A and D do not absolve the employer of responsibility, as preventability and avoidability are factors that can be taken into account in determining liability. Choice B is also not a valid defense on its own, as employers have a duty of care to provide a safe work environment regardless of whether the worker knew the risks.

Question 7

The distinction between safety and health is based on the distinction between .&#10;A)intention and accident&#10;B)accidents and illness&#10;C)disease and wellness&#10;D)ethics and law

Accepted Answer

Safety refers to preventing accidents, while health refers to preventing illness or disease. Therefore, the distinction between safety and health is based on the distinction between accidents and illness.

Question 8

Utilitarian reasoning in approaching workplace hazards might be based on .&#10;A)legal precedent&#10;B)the rights of workers&#10;C)employers' responsibilities&#10;D)cost-benefit analysis

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism as a philosophy focuses on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing overall pain. Therefore, when it comes to workplace hazards, utilitarian reasoning might prioritize cost-benefit analysis to determine whether implementing safety measures is worth the investment in terms of reducing pain and promoting overall happiness. This type of analysis would take into account the potential benefits of implementing safety measures (reducing injury and improving employee morale) versus the costs (financial investment, time, and effort). Therefore, a utilitarian approach would likely prioritize the reduction of pain and promotion of overall happiness over more abstract factors such as legal precedent or workers' rights.

Question 9

In product safety,manufacturers have to exercise due care or else they .&#10;A)could be outcompeted by another manufacturer&#10;B)would have to find new customers&#10;C)would have to present an expert analysis&#10;D)could be fined or sued

Accepted Answer

Manufacturers who fail to exercise due care in product safety could be held liable and face fines or lawsuits.

Question 10

To be able to work in a hazardous environment,employees must .&#10;A)have the right to refuse hazardous conditions&#10;B)be able to sue their employers&#10;C)be able to quit their jobs&#10;D)have the right to share information

Accepted Answer

Employees must have the right to refuse hazardous conditions to ensure their safety and well-being in a hazardous environment.

Deck 9: Health and Safety