Deck 6: Urinary System

Question 1

What does the root in the word nephrectomy refer to?

A)Removal of
B)Nephron
C)Kidney
D)Urine
E)Glomerulus

Answer 1

Kidney

Question 2

What is the medical term for a plexus of capillaries in the nephron?

A)Hilum
B)Loop of Henle
C)Glomerulus
D)Calyx
E)Pelvis

Answer 2

Glomerulus

Question 3

What does the root in the term renal mean?

A)Pertaining to
B)Kidney
C)Nephron
D)Condition
E)Bladder

Answer 3

Kidney

Question 4

In the medical term peritubular, what does the prefix mean?

A)Over
B)Within
C)Around
D)Under
E)Small tube

Question 5

The substance that is produced when amino acids are broken down is ________.

Question 6

Which of the following terms means removal of metabolic waste?

A)Excretion
B)Filtration
C)Extracorporal
D)Absorption
E)Reabsorption

Question 7

The plural form of the term cortex is

A)cortices
B)cortexes
C)corteces
D)corti
E)cortises

Question 8

The hollow sac that holds fluids such as urine or bile is the ________.

Question 9

Which of the following substances is the end product of nitrogen metabolism?

A)Ammonia
B)Urine
C)Urea
D)Nitrites
E)Nitrates

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

A)Filter blood to eliminate wastes
B)Regulate blood volume
C)Maintain homeostasis
D)Synthesize Vitamin A for cell repair
E)Secrete the hormone erythropoietin

Question 11

Which of the following terms is part of the urinary system?

A)Islets of Langerhans
B)McBurney point
C)Fowler's loop
D)Loop of Henle
E)Wilm's collection tubules

Question 12

The outer layer of an organ is known as the ________.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT considered a metabolic waste?

A)Carbon dioxide
B)Water
C)Electrolytes
D)Amino acids
E)Nitrogenous compounds

Question 14

What is the medical term for the part of an organ where vessels and nerves enter and leave?

A)Hilum
B)Portal
C)Threshold
D)Terminal
E)Meatus

Question 15

What does the suffix in the word nitrogenous mean?

A)Nitrogen
B)One who studies
C)Create
D)Pertaining to
E)Containing

Question 16

What is the name of the organ located on one side of the vertebral column, behind the peritoneum and the spleen and lies against the deep muscles of the back?

A)Right kidney
B)Pancreas
C)Ureter
D)Left kidney
E)Gallbladder

Question 17

Which of the following vessels carries waste-laden blood to the kidney?

A)Renal artery
B)Renal vein
C)Urethral artery
D)Inferior vena cava
E)Aorta

Question 18

A specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the kidney is a(n)

A)cytologist
B)nephrologist
C)urologist
D)histologist
E)renalogist

Question 19

What is the process by which excess water and waste products are removed from the blood?

A)Excretion
B)Absorption
C)Perfusion
D)Filtration
E)Reabsorption

Question 20

An enzyme secreted by the kidney that causes vasoconstriction is ________.

Question 21

Which of the following terms has two prefixes?

A)Semipermeable
B)Reabsorption
C)Nephrectomy
D)Ammonia
E)Urination

Question 22

The external opening of a passage is called a(n)

A)Meatus
B)Urethra
C)Sphincter
D)Calyx
E)Trigone

Question 23

The prefix in the term extracorporeal means

A)many
B)body
C)around
D)outside
E)pertaining to

Question 24

Which of the following is the correct spelling of the plural form of the singular term calculus?

A)Calculuses
B)Calculi
C)Calculum
D)Calculae
E)Calculie

Question 25

The name of the muscular tube that carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is the ________.

Question 26

Approximately how many capillaries make up each glomerulus?

A)1000
B)750
C)3400
D)25
E)50

Question 27

Which of the following terms refers to a tube that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder and comes from the Greek meaning urinary canal?

A)Meatus
B)Bladder
C)Urethra
D)Ureter
E)Catheter

Question 28

What is the correct spelling of the term that means inflammation of the canal leading from the bladder to the outside?

A)Uretritis
B)Ureteritis
C)Urethritis
D)Uretheritus
E)Urethuritis

Question 29

What is the medical term for the fluid and dissolved substances that are excreted by the kidney?

A)Exudates
B)Filtrate
C)Urine
D)Urea
E)Ammonia

Question 30

Where are nephrons located?

A)In the cortex
B)In the medulla
C)In the glomerulus
D)In the pelvis
E)In the loop of Henle

Question 31

What is the term for the funnel-shaped structure in the kidneys that forms into the ureter?

A)Urinary bladder
B)Renal pelvis
C)Nephron
D)Meatus
E)Bowman's capsule

Question 32

What mechanism is used in the kidneys to regulate blood volume and pressure?

A)Excretion or conservation of urea
B)Filtration of blood
C)Elimination or conservation of water
D)Reabsorption of vitamin D
E)Excretion of plasma proteins

Question 33

The filtration unit of the kidney is the

A)pelvis
B)calyx
C)nephron
D)medulla
E)cortex

Question 34

What does the suffix in the term urination mean?

A)Process
B)Elimination
C)Waste product
D)Pertaining to
E)Condition

Question 35

What is the mechanism by which urine is moved downwards toward the urinary bladder?

A)Capillary action
B)Valves along the length of the ureter
C)Muscular peristaltic waves
D)External muscles squeezing the ureters
E)The effects of renin widening the ureter

Question 36

What does the root in the term permeable mean?

A)Pertaining to
B)Capable of
C)Process
D)Permanent
E)Pass through

Question 37

Which of the following substances is NOT found in the filtrate that enters the renal tubule?

A)Urea
B)Glucose
C)Electrolytes
D)Plasma proteins
E)Vitamins

Question 38

A small stone is known as a ________.

Question 39

What are the three regions of the kidney?

A)Cortex, medulla, and pelvis
B)Cortex, glomerulus, and hilum
C)Medulla, nephron, and tubules
D)Pelvis, bladder, and urethra
E)Cortex, hilum, and pelvis

Question 40

The condition which causes dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces of a kidney is

A)hydronephrosis
B)pyelonephritis
C)wilm's tumor
D)polycystic kidney disease
E)renal adenoma

Question 41

All of the following are signs or symptoms of kidney failure EXCEPT

A)oliguria
B)hematuria
C)anuria
D)confusion
E)seizures

Question 42

A medical condition of chronic hypertension can cause what damaging effects on the kidney?

A)The renal artery becomes sclerotic
B)The renal tubules become contorted
C)The renal arterioles become thickened and narrowed
D)Bowman's capsule becomes congested
E)The renal pelvis begins to fill with stones

Question 43

In a patient with microscopic hematuria, what would you expect the urine to look like?

A)Bright red color
B)Yellow color
C)Amber color
D)Cloudy
E)Pink-tinged

Question 44

________ is an artificial method of removing waste materials and excess fluid from the blood in end-stage renal disease.

A)Filtration
B)Dialysis
C)Lavage
D)Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
E)Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Question 45

What does the root in the term reflux mean?

A)Waves
B)Fluid
C)Remove
D)Go up and down
E)Flow

Question 46

A therapeutic procedure whereby renal stones are crushed using sound waves is abbreviated as a(n)

A)VCUG
B)CCPD
C)TURP
D)HAART
E)ESWL

Question 47

What does the suffix in the term hydronephrosis mean?

A)Water
B)Nephron
C)Condition
D)Pertaining to
E)To remove

Question 48

The three terms that can be used to describe the passage of urine are voiding, urination and ________.

Question 49

What does the suffix in the term nephroscope mean?

A)Kidney
B)Nephron
C)To locate
D)Instrument
E)To view

Question 50

Choose the correctly spelled medical term that means the act of passing urine.

A)Micktutrition
B)Mictrition
C)Micturition
D)Mickterition
E)Micterition

Question 51

An agent that increases urine output is a(n)

A)antihistamine
B)alpha-blocking agent
C)diuretic
D)corticosteroid
E)antibiotic

Question 52

Proper pronunciation of the medical term lithotripsy is

A)LITH-a-trip-cee
B)LITH-oh-trip-see
C)Lith-oh-trup-SEE
D)Lith-OH-rip-cee
E)LITH-oh-TRIP-tee

Question 53

In the term diuresis, what does the suffix mean?

A)To filter
B)To encourage
C)To pass
D)Urine
E)Abnormal condition

Question 54

Of the following abbreviations, which one has no relation to the urinary system?

A)ER
B)CKD
C)UTI
D)CAPD
E)IVP

Question 55

Which of the following minerals contributes to the formation of kidney stones?

A)Calcium chloride
B)Sodium chloride
C)Potassium sorbate
D)Calcium oxalate
E)Sodium hydroxide

Question 56

Which of the following medical terms refers to a surgical incision to remove a stone?

A)Nephrotomy
B)Nephrectomy
C)Lithonephrotomy
D)Lithectomy
E)Nephrolithotomy

Question 57

What is the medical term that means characterized by intermittent contractions?

A)Spasmodic
B)Contractile
C)Peristalsis
D)Twitch
E)Acute

Question 58

The medical term that means blood in the urine is

A)hemouria
B)polyuria
C)oliguria
D)hematuria
E)dysuria

Question 59

When end-stage renal disease occurs, the kidneys are functioning at less than what percent of normal capacity?

A)10%
B)25%
C)5%
D)40%
E)50%

Question 60

The root/combining form in the medical term pyelonephritis means

A)kidney
B)renal pelvis
C)inflammation
D)nephron
E)renal cortex

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a method of urine collection?

A)Random
B)Early morning
C)Catheterization
D)Venipuncture
E)Clean-catch

Question 62

A glomerular disease characterized by a marked loss of protein in the urine is

A)hydronephrosis
B)wilm's tumor
C)pyelonephritis
D)nephrotic syndrome
E)polycystic kidney disease

Question 63

Choose the correct pronunciation of the medical term uremia.

A)you-REE-mee-ah
B)YOU-reh-meah
C)YOUR-eh-mee-ah
D)your-eh-MEE-ah
E)you-ree- MEE-ah

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT included in a routine urinalysis test?

A)Presence of glucose
B)Presence of ketones
C)Leukocyte esterase
D)Presence of proteins
E)Sedimentation rate

Question 65

What is the primary symptom of transitional cell carcinoma, the most common type of bladder cancer?

A)Pain
B)Nausea
C)Incontinence
D)Hematuria
E)Hematemesis

Question 66

What is the medical term for nitrogenous waste products in the blood?

A)Proteinuria
B)Nitrourea
C)Azotemia
D)Urotoxic
E)Anuria

Question 67

The medical term for scanty urine production is

A)oliguria
B)polyuria
C)anuria
D)hematuria
E)nocturia

Question 68

In the term nephroblastoma, what does the word element -blast mean?

A)Tumor
B)Expansion
C)Eliminate
D)Remove
E)Embryonic

Question 69

Kegel exercises strengthen which of the following group of muscles?

A)Lower abdominal
B)Muscles of the pelvic floor
C)Rhomboids
D)Quadriceps femoris
E)Vastus lateralis

Question 70

When bacteria invade and multiply in the urinary tract, which of the following can result?

A)UTI
B)PKD
C)ARF
D)CRF
E)STD

Question 71

The presence of sugar in the urine is called ________.

Question 72

Which of the following is NOT used to diagnose bladder cancer?

A)UA
B)TNM
C)NMP22 Bladder Check
D)IVP
E)Cystoscopy

Question 73

The diagnostic test in which contrast material is used to assess the blood flow to the kidney is a(n)

A)intravenous pyelogram
B)cystoscopy
C)renal angiogram
D)retrograde pyelogram
E)voiding cystourethrogram

Question 74

An enlarged prostate gland can cause

A)urinary incontinence
B)bladder cancer
C)urinary retention
D)pyelonephritis
E)glomerulonephritis

Question 75

Loss of bladder control resulting from sudden pressure on the lower stomach muscles when coughing, sneezing or laughing is called

A)pressure incontinence
B)urge incontinence
C)stress incontinence
D)overflow incontinence
E)functional incontinence

Question 76

The physician informed the patient that he had an infection in his urinary bladder.Which of the following diagnoses would you expect to see in the patient's medical record?

A)Urethritis
B)Nephritis
C)Pyelonephritis
D)Cystitis
E)Ureteritis

Question 77

What does the suffix in the word nephropathy mean?

A)Disease
B)The study of
C)The examination of
D)Kidney
E)To pass by

Question 78

The type of incontinence that results from not being able to get to the toilet in time due to an existing condition that makes moving quickly difficult is called

A)urge incontinence
B)stress incontinence
C)functional incontinence
D)overflow incontinence
E)situational incontinence

Question 79

Which of the following terms meaning to urinate or pass urine is spelled correctly?

A)Voyd
B)Void
C)Voyid
D)Vuyde
E)Voyde

Question 80

What is the meaning of the prefix in the medical term interstitial?

A)Tissue
B)Within
C)Between
D)Alongside of
E)Space