Deck 20: The Diversity of Protists

Question 1

Protists that have two nuclei are classified as:

A)apicomplexans.
B)amoebas.
C)diplomonads.
D)parabasalids.
E)ciliates.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Protist photosynthesis relies on:

A)pseudopods.
B)chloroplasts.
C)pseudoplasmodia.
D)eyespots.
E)silica.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Protists:

A)are prokaryotic.
B)develop embryos during reproduction.
C)form a single clade.
D)carry out photosynthesis without chloroplasts.
E)obtain nutrition through a variety of different methods.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of the following groups is eukaryotic?

A)viruses
B)bacteria
C)prions
D)cyanobacteria
E)protists

Question 5

The first protist chloroplast was likely a(n):

A)virus.
B)chemosynthetic bacterium.
C)photosynthetic bacterium.
D)example of secondary endosymbiosis.
E)symbiotic green alga.

Question 6

Protists that absorb nutrients from dead organic matter are:

A)photosynthetic.
B)parasitic.
C)predatory.
D)symbiotic.
E)decomposers.

Question 7

A protist that lives inside a host organism and absorbs nutrients from that living host is:

A)photosynthetic.
B)parasitic.
C)predatory.
D)symbiotic.
E)a decomposer.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the protists as a group?

A)plants
B)animals
C)fungi
D)prokaryotes
E)any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus

Question 9

Secondary endosymbiosis can occur when:

A)a virus infects a photosynthetic prokaryote.
B)a nonphotosynthetic protist engulfs a photosynthetic bacterium.
C)a nonphotosynthetic protist engulfs a photosynthetic protist.
D)a protist evolves to become a prokaryote.
E)a green alga engulfs a photosynthetic bacterium.

Question 10

The foundation of a marine food chain is:

A)viruses.
B)fungi.
C)Archaea.
D)plants.
E)algae.

Question 11

Which cell structure is missing in Trichomonas and Giardia?

A)cell membranes
B)flagella
C)cysts
D)nuclei
E)mitochondria

Question 12

Which group of protists includes photosynthetic, unicellular, freshwater organisms that possess eyespots?

A)apicomplexans
B)euglenids
C)brown algae
D)amoebas
E)alveolates

Question 13

Both Trichomonas and Giardia are parasitic protists in the group called:

A)slime molds.
B)alveolates.
C)excavates.
D)diatoms.
E)euglenids.

Question 14

Protists that lack mitochondria are:

A)apicomplexans.
B)amoebas.
C)excavates.
D)euglenozoans.
E)ciliates.

Question 15

Which group of protists includes photosynthetic, individual cells that lack a rigid cell wall and move via a flagellum?

A)euglenids
B)slime molds
C)amoebas
D)diatoms
E)water molds

Question 16

A flagellated protist lives inside the guts of termites and enables the termites to digest the cellulose in wood as a food source. This protist belongs to the:

A)apicomplexans.
B)amoebas.
C)Archaea.
D)parabasalids.
E)ciliates.

Question 17

________ are photosynthetic protists.

A)Prokaryotes
B)Fungi
C)Algae
D)Plants
E)Parasites

Question 18

Which protist causes a sexually transmitted disease?

A)Trichomonas
B)Trypanosoma
C)Giardia
D)Plasmodium
E)Pfiesteria

Question 19

A parasitic protist that presents a major health problem to backpackers and hikers if they drink unfiltered stream or lake water is:

A)Didinium.
B)Trypanosoma.
C)Giardia.
D)Plasmodium.
E)Pfiesteria.

Question 20

The eyespot of a Euglena cell enables it to:

A)spot potential predators.
B)see images in black and white only.
C)photosynthesize.
D)orient toward light.
E)see images in color.

Question 21

Which organisms are responsible for the majority of photosynthesis?

A)cyanobacteria
B)phytoplankton
C)ferns
D)conifers
E)flowering plants

Question 22

Which group is the critical foundation of marine food webs?

A)euglenids
B)cyanobacteria
C)diatoms
D)protozoa
E)slime molds

Question 23

The oomycete that nearly destroyed the French wine industry in the late 1870s was:

A)a slime mold.
B)a protozoan.
C)a water mold.
D)a cercozoan.
E)red tide.

Question 24

Which group is commonly referred to as the "seaweeds"?

A)cyanobacteria
B)phytoplankton
C)brown algae
D)ciliates
E)water molds

Question 25

Which organism caused the disease that destroyed potato crops and led to the Irish potato famine in the mid-1800s?

A)kinetoplastids
B)alveolates
C)excavates
D)water mold
E)Trypanosoma

Question 26

Both Didinium and Paramecium are protists in the group called:

A)slime molds.
B)alveolates.
C)excavates.
D)ciliates.
E)rhizarians.

Question 27

Which group has caused such agricultural problems as downy mildew, potato blight, and an avocado disease?

A)oomycetes
B)cyanobacteria
C)diatoms
D)protozoa
E)slime molds

Question 28

Which group is characterized by gritty, glassy, protective shells?

A)dinoflagellates
B)diatoms
C)slime molds
D)water molds
E)brown algae

Question 29

Which protist group includes the dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates?

A)euglenids
B)stramenopiles
C)diatoms
D)alveolates
E)protozoa

Question 30

Paralytic shellfish poisoning occurs when ________ are eaten by humans or marine mammals.

A)dinoflagellates
B)diplomonads
C)excavates
D)diatoms
E)euglenids

Question 31

Which unicellular protists have silica shells consisting of top and bottom halves that fit together like pillboxes?

A)euglenids
B)amoebas
C)apicomplexans
D)slime molds
E)diatoms

Question 32

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organism that causes malaria?

A)prokaryotic
B)unicellular
C)multicellular
D)photosynthetic
E)viral

Question 33

Cyanobacteria and phytoplankton are both:

A)heterotrophic.
B)multicellular.
C)eukaryotic.
D)photosynthetic.
E)parasitic.

Question 34

The giant kelp found along the Pacific coast is an example of:

A)cyanobacteria.
B)phytoplankton.
C)water molds.
D)slime molds.
E)brown algae.

Question 35

When a red tide occurs, huge numbers of microscopic organisms are filtered out of coastal waters by oysters and clams. This sometimes causes the shellfish to become toxic to people who eat them. The organisms that create the red tide are classified as:

A)slime molds.
B)diatoms.
C)dinoflagellates.
D)red algae.
E)euglenids.

Question 36

Which group of photosynthetic, mostly marine protists were named for the motion created by their two whip-like flagella?

A)dinoflagellates
B)euglenids
C)apicomplexans
D)amoebas
E)cercozoans

Question 37

Which protist group includes the water molds, diatoms, and brown algae?

A)euglenids
B)stramenopiles
C)excavates
D)diplomonads
E)slime molds

Question 38

Free-floating, photosynthetic, unicellular protists include:

A)phytoplankton.
B)cyanobacteria.
C)ciliates.
D)brown algae.
E)amoebas.

Question 39

Organisms in which protist group can reach heights of hundreds of feet and grow more than half a foot per day?

A)cyanobacteria
B)phytoplankton
C)water molds
D)slime molds
E)brown algae

Question 40

Which protist causes African sleeping sickness?

A)Didinium
B)Trypanosoma
C)Giardia
D)Plasmodium
E)Pfiesteria

Question 41

Calcium carbonate shells and thread-like pseudopods are characteristic of:

A)radiolarians.
B)alveolates.
C)excavates.
D)foraminiferans.
E)euglenids.

Question 42

Which of the following is the parasite apicomplexans that causes malaria if it infects a human host?

A)Pfisteria
B)Trichomonas
C)Plasmodium
D)Giardia
E)Paramecium

Question 43

The short, hair-like structures that propel Paramecium through the water are called:

A)cilia.
B)pseudopods.
C)pseudoplasmodia.
D)flagella.
E)vacuoles.

Question 44

Plasmodial slime molds are described as acellular because they:

A)have no membranes surrounding their nuclei.
B)have no nuclei.
C)lack DNA.
D)reproduce asexually.
E)are heterotrophic.

Question 45

Alveolates are characterized by pseudopods and silica shells. True or False?

Question 46

Which of the following has pseudopods?

A)diatom
B)slime mold
C)amoeba
D)apicomplexan
E)ciliate

Question 47

Which protozoan group consists entirely of parasitic forms?

A)apicomplexans
B)amoebas
C)ciliates
D)slime molds
E)radiolarians

Question 48

A pseudoplasmodium is a(n):

A)acellular slime mold.
B)aggregation of mycelia.
C)group of cellular slime mold cells.
D)extension of the slime mold that engulfs prey.
E)disease-causing protist.

Question 49

Which of the following is eukaryotic, usually acts as a producer in its ecosystem, and spins via its flagella?

A)sporozoan
B)apicomplexan
C)cyanobacterium
D)dinoflagellate
E)slime mold

Question 50

Which group has silica shells similar to those of diatoms?

A)apicomplexans
B)dinoflagellates
C)ciliates
D)euglenids
E)radiolarians

Question 51

The protists are a group that can best be defined as "any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus." True or False?

Question 52

Which of the following is a parasitic protist that is spread by Anopheles mosquitoes?

A)Pfisteria
B)Plasmodium
C)Trichomonas
D)Giardia
E)Paramecium

Question 53

The protists make up an inadequately defined and poorly organized group that biologists will likely reorganize. True or False?

Question 54

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes red algae from diatoms and dinoflagellates?

A)aquatic
B)multicellular
C)eukaryotic
D)protist
E)photosynthetic

Question 55

The protist characterized by a silica shell and thread-like pseudopods is a(n):

A)radiolarian.
B)alveolate.
C)excavate.
D)foraminiferan.
E)euglenid.

Question 56

The protists include photosynthetic, parasitic, and pathogenic species. True or False?

Question 57

Which of the following may be parasitic in humans?

A)diatom
B)slime mold
C)amoeba
D)apicomplexan
E)dinoflagellate

Question 58

Which of the following is considered to be most closely related to plants?

A)brown algae
B)slime molds
C)euglenids
D)green algae
E)diatoms

Question 59

Some protists can cause sexually transmitted diseases in humans. True or False?

Question 60

A ________ forms when an acellular slime mold is exposed to dry conditions or starvation.

A)plasmodium
B)cellular slime mold
C)water mold
D)fruiting body

Question 61

The group of protistan aquatic organisms known generally as ________ produces most of the world's oxygen.

Question 62

Some protists, such as amoebas, rely on finger-like projections called ________ for capturing prey and moving.

Question 63

The majority of photosynthesis is carried out by phytoplankton. True or False?

Question 64

The ________ algae are an important source of carrageenan, which is used to thicken paints, cosmetics, and ice cream.

Question 65

The active, feeding form of a(n)________ is a thin, multinucleate plasmodium.

Question 66

The coral that make up a tropical coral reef can survive only in clear, well-lit waters because of the symbiotic, photosynthetic ________ that live within the tissues of the coral.

Question 67

Beavers are major carriers of Giardia, a ________ that can cause severe diarrhea in people who drink water that contains the organism's cysts.

Question 68

The White Cliffs of Dover, England, were formed over millions of years by the accumulation of calcium carbonate shells from ________.

Question 69

Giardia normally infects a host that ingests ________ in contaminated water.

Question 70

Excavates lack ________.

Question 71

Chalk deposits are formed from the ancient remains of apicomplexans. True or False?

Question 72

The process in which photosynthetic bacteria were engulfed by a large cell and formed chloroplasts is called ________.

Question 73

Trypanosoma is a protistan parasite that causes ________ in humans.

Question 74

Malaria is caused by a protist that is transmitted by the bite of ________.

Question 75

________ is a protistan parasite that causes malaria in humans.

Question 76

Giardia is found in fresh water and causes an intestinal infection in mammals. True or False?

Question 77

Euglenids have functional eyespots that can discern all colors of visible light and the movement of predators. True or False?

Question 78

Organisms with pseudopods can surround other organisms and trap them in a ________ for digestion.

Question 79

The most complex group of unicellular protists is the ________.

Question 80

Diplomonads have two nuclei and move via flagella. True or False?