Deck 8: Diversity and Conformity: the Role of Gender

Question 1

Which of the following terms best applies to laws that prevent women from taking combat roles in the military?

A) discriminatory hiring
B) psychological barriers
C) regressive policies
D) systemic barriers to equality

Answer 1

D

Question 2

"Men and women freely choose their path in life and are rewarded based on how skilled,talented and hard-working they are." What is this idea called?

A) social progressivism
B) social Darwinism
C) meritocracy
D) pluralism

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes social controls?

A) They are laws preventing women from voting.
B) They are legal penalties that enforce conformity to gender roles.
C) They are social penalties,such as ridicule,that enforce conformity to gender roles.
D) They are social norms that praise women.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Men get sole custody of their children at about the same rate as women.

Question 5

Conflict theorists believe that gender roles arise out of biology and help to ensure the smooth functioning of society.

Question 6

Gender refers a person's biological characteristics determined at conception.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the wage gap between men and women?

A) It still exists in almost every occupation in Canada.
B) It has been eliminated in almost every occupation in Canada.
C) It was always exaggerated by the feminists.
D) It has always been acknowledged by men.

Question 8

The wage gap between men and women persists in nearly all occupations.

Question 9

Which of the following is described as the "glass ceiling"?

A) the unlimited potential of women to have access to high
B) the tendency of men to rise to high
C) the tendency of men and women to have equal access to high
D) the tendency of women to be shut out of high

Question 10

According to the textbook,what would employment equity laws do?

A) be unfair to men
B) result in unfair hiring practices
C) establish hiring quotas to ensure equal numbers of men and women
D) be unfair to women

Question 11

What does the term "gender" refer to?

A) a person's sexual orientation
B) a person's biological characteristics determined at birth
C) a social role governed by universal ideas of what is masculine and feminine
D) a social role governed by a particular culture's definition of masculinity and femininity

Question 12

"Having women looking after the home and men out earning income makes society function well." Which theory does this statement fit with?

A) structural-functionalist
B) conflict
C) nurture
D) nature

Question 13

Data show that gender spheres are rapidly disappearing.

Question 14

"Women's work is deliberately underpaid and undervalued by men so that men can get a greater share of the economic pie." Which theory does this statement fit with?

A) structural-functionalist
B) conflict
C) nurture
D) nature

Question 15

Some people believe that attitudes must be changed first and then behaviour will change.Which of the following would those people support?

A) more laws such as employment equity
B) more education about gender equality
C) doing nothing about gender inequality
D) doing nothing about employment equity

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of how men lose out in the domestic sphere?

A) They do much more housework than women.
B) They can now take a paternity leave when a child is born.
C) They die of stress-related diseases at a higher rate than women.
D) They rarely get sole custody of their children in a divorce.

Question 17

What would a policy of proportional representation ensure?

A) equal numbers of men and women on such things as hiring committees
B) that there are more men on such things as hiring committees
C) that women are given equal opportunity to serve on such things as hiring committees
D) that hiring committee would be abolished

Question 18

What does research show with respect gender and to work,education,and leisure?

A) Men dominate in every area.
B) No clear patterns of gender behaviour emerge.
C) Dramatic changes are happening in how men and women spend their time.
D) Men still do traditionally male things and women traditionally female things.

Question 19

What does research show about men and women where gender is concerned?

A) They have overcome gender stereotypes.
B) They generally conform to traditional gender roles.
C) They are indifferent to cultural messages about gender roles.
D) They have a high degree of nonconformity to traditional gender roles.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is part of the "nature" explanation for the existence of gender spheres?

A) Biological factors determine male and female roles.
B) Male and female roles cannot be changed.
C) Men are naturally more suited to work outside the home,and women are more naturally suited for domestic roles.
D) Social factors determine male and female roles.

Question 21

What are social controls and how do they work to reinforce expected male and female behaviour?

Question 22

What are employment equity laws and how do they address discriminatory hiring?

Question 23

Make recommendations to your local school board about how it could attract more male teachers at the elementary level.

Question 24

Describe the conflict theory explanation for the existence of distinct male and female roles.

Question 25

Describe the structural-functionalist explanation for the existence of distinct male and female roles.

Question 26

A women who is refused a job because she can't stay for after-hours meetings due to her responsibilities at home is a victim of discriminatory hiring.

Question 27

Laws that prevented women from owning property or voting are called systemic barriers to equality.

Question 28

Considering the data that show men and women still cluster in traditional gender roles,construct an argument that this is either a positive or negative phenomenon in society.

Question 29

A person who believes gender roles can be changed by raising girls with trucks and boys with dolls subscribes to the "nurture" position.

Question 30

Boys who may never even aspire to becoming nurses or staying home with their children are experiencing psychological barriers to gender equality.

Question 31

Sexual politics refers to women's subtle use of sex as a bargaining chip to get what they want in a relationship.

Question 32

Define gender spheres and give examples of male and female spheres.

Question 33

Construct an argument for or against employment equity laws.