Deck 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Question 1

The suffix - ide is used .

A) for monatomic anion names
B) for monoatomic cations
C) for polyatomic cation names
D) for the name of the first element in a molecular compound
E) to indicate binary acids

Answer 1

for monatomic anion names

Question 2

The nucleus of an atom does not contain .

A) protons
B) neutrons
C) subatomic particles
D) protons or neutrons
E) electrons

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not particles?

A) γ- rays
B) α- rays, β- rays, and γ- rays
C) β- rays
D) α- rays
E) α- rays and β- rays

Answer 3

γ- rays

Question 4

Which formula/name pair is incorrect?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 5

Which species has 16 protons?

A). ³¹P
B). ⁸⁰Br^-
C) .³⁴S^2-
D) .¹⁶O
E) .³⁶Cl

Question 6

Of the choices below, which one is not an ionic compound?

A) PbCl₂
B) PCl₅
C) MoCl₆
D) NaCl
E) RbCl

Question 7

Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively charged plate because .

A) they are positively charged particles
B) they are neutral particles
C) they are emitted by all matter
D) they are not particles
E) they are negatively charged particles

Question 8

An atom of ¹⁵N contains neutrons.

A) 22
B) 8
C) 7
D) 10
E) 15

Question 9

Which species has 54 electrons?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 10

Which species has 48 electrons?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 11

Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?

A) C, N
B) K, Ca
C) H, He
D) Si, P
E) O, S

Question 12

Which species below is the nitrate ion?

A) NH₄⁺
B) N^3-
C) NO₃^-
D) NO₂^-
E) N₃^-

Question 13

Which metal does not form cations of differing charges?

A) Fe
B) Cu
C) Sn
D) Co
E) Na

Question 14

An unknown element is found to have three naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses of 35.9675 (0.337%), 37.9627 (0.063%), and 39.9624 (99.600%). Which of the following is the unknown element?

A) Ar
B) Ca
C) K
D) Cl
E) None of the above could be the unknown element.

Question 15

Vanadium has two naturally occurring isotopes, ⁵⁰V with an atomic mass of 49.9472 amu and ⁵¹V with an atomic mass of 50.9440. The atomic weight of vanadium is 50.9415. The percent abundances of the vanadium isotopes are _% ⁵⁰V and _ % ⁵¹V.

A) 1.000, 99.000
B) 49.00, 51.00
C) 0.2500, 99.750
D) 99.000, 1.000
E) 99.750, 0.2500

Question 16

_- rays consist of fast- moving electrons.

A) gamma
B) beta
C) X
D) alpha
E) none of the above

Question 17

The elements in groups 1A, 6A, and 7A are called, , respectively.

A) alkali metals, chalcogens, and halogens
B) alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and halogens
C) alkaline earth metals, halogens, and chalcogens
D) halogens, transition metals, and alkali metals
E) alkali metals, halogens, and noble gases

Question 18

The atomic number of an atom of ⁸⁰Br is _ .

A) 35
B) 73
C) 115
D) 80
E) 45

Question 19

Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of but differing number of .

A) protons, electrons
B) neutrons, electrons
C) protons, neutrons
D) electrons, protons
E) neutrons, protons

Question 20

There are protons, neutrons, and electrons in ¹³¹I^- .

A) 131, 53, and 54
B) 78, 53, and 72
C) 131, 53, and 52
D) 53, 78, and 54
E) 53, 131, and 52

Question 21

Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays?

A) They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them.
B) They originate from the negative electrode.
C) They are made up of electrons.
D) The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted.
E) They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields.

Question 22

A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of

A) the law of conservation of mass
B) the law of multiple proportions
C) the law of constant composition
D) the law of conservation of energy
E) none of the above

Question 23

In the absence of magnetic or electric fields, cathode rays .

A) travel in straight lines
B) do not exist
C) cannot be detected
D) bend toward a light source
E) become positively charged

Question 24

Which species is an isotope of ³⁹Cl?

A). ³⁹Ar
B). ³⁶Cl^-
C) .³⁴S^2-
D) .⁴⁰Ar⁺
E).⁸⁰Br

Question 25

Cathode rays are .

A) x- rays
B) atoms
C) neutrons
D) electrons
E) protons

Question 26

The charge on an electron was determined in the .

A) atomic theory of matter
B) Dalton atomic theory
C) cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson
D) Rutherford gold foil experiment
E) Millikan oil drop experiment

Question 27

Which species below is the nitride ion?

A) N ^3-
B) Na⁺
C) NH₄⁺
D) NO₂^-
E) NO₃^-

Question 28

Of the following, only is not a metalloid.

A) Si
B) As
C) B
D) Ge
E) Al

Question 29

Which compounds do not have the same empirical formula?

A) CO, CO₂
B) C₂H₄, C₃H₆
C) C₂H₅COOCH₃, CH₃CHO
D) C₂H₄O₂, C₆H₁₂O₆
E) C₂H₂, C₆H₆

Question 30

The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu.

A) 219.7
B) 221.0
C) 220.4
D) 22042
E) 218.5

Question 31

Which metal forms cations of differing charges?

A) Ba
B) Cs
C) Sn
D) K
E) Al

Question 32

The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab .

A) utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil
B) led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus
C) proved the law of multiple proportions
D) confirmed the plum- pudding model of the atom
E) was the basis for Thompson's model of the atom

Question 33

When a fluorine atom forms the fluoride ion, it has the same charge as the ion.

A) sulfite
B) sulfide
C) nitrate
D) phosphate
E) ammonium

Question 34

An element in the upper right corner of the periodic table .

A) is either a metalloid or a non- metal
B) is either a metal or metalloid
C) is definitely a metalloid
D) is definitely a non- metal
E) is definitely a metal

Question 35

Which one of the following is most likely to lose electrons when forming an ion?

A) S
B) Rh
C) P
D) F
E) N

Question 36

Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?

A) SO₂
B) H₂O
C) CO₂
D) H₂S
E) SrCl₂

Question 37

The charge on the ion is - 3.

A) acetate
B) sulfate
C) nitride
D) oxide
E) permanganate

Question 38

Predict the charge of the most stable ion of fluorine.

A) - 2
B) +3
C) +1
D) +2
E) - 1

Question 39

The molecular formula of a compound is always the empirical formula.

A) more complex than
B) different from
C) simpler than
D) the same as
E) an integral multiple of

Question 40

Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu.

A) 41.54
B) 33.33
C) 39.68
D) 39.07
E) 38.64

Question 41

Which atom has the smallest number of neutrons?

A) oxygen- 16
B) neon- 20
C) carbon- 14
D) fluorine- 19
E) nitrogen- 14

Question 42

Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?

A) H₂O₂
B) CaO
C) NH₃
D) SF₆
E) H₂O

Question 43

Which isotope has 45 neutrons?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 44

Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are electrically charged?

A) α- rays, β- rays, and γ- rays
B) α- rays
C) α- rays and γ- rays
D) β- rays
E) α- rays and β- rays

Question 45

In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in .

A) alphabetical order
B) order of increasing neutron content
C) reverse alphabetical order
D) order of increasing metallic properties
E) order of increasing atomic number

Question 46

An element that appears in the lower left corner of the periodic table is .

A) definitely a non- metal
B) definitely a metal
C) either a metalloid or a non- metal
D) definitely a metalloid
E) either a metal or metalloid

Question 47

Which isotope has 36 electrons in an atom?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 48

Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?

A) Cs, Ba
B) C, O
C) Ca, Sr
D) Ga, Ge
E) H, Li

Question 49

In the symbol below, X =

A) C
B) N
C) K
D) Al
E) not enough information to determine

Question 50

Which one of the following species has as many electrons as it has neutrons?

A). ¹⁴C
B). ⁴⁰Ca²⁺
C). ¹H
D). ¹⁴C²⁺
E). ¹⁹F^-

Question 51

Which metal does not require to have its charge specified in the names of ionic compounds it forms?

A) Ca
B) Cu
C) Fe
D) Pb
E) Mn

Question 52

The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is
Amu)

A) 162.35
B) 163.15
C) 161.75
D) 162.03
E) 33.33

Question 53

An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons. The symbol for the ion is .

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 54

How many protons does the Br^- ion possess?

A) 36
B) 35
C) 8
D) 34
E) 6

Question 55

Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not electrically charged?

A) α- rays and β- rays
B) α- rays and γ- rays
C) α- rays
D) γ- rays
E) α- rays, β- rays, and γ- rays

Question 56

Which pair of elements is most apt to form a molecular compound with each other?

A) barium, bromine
B) magnesium, iodine
C) sulfur, fluorine
D) potassium, lithium
E) aluminum, oxygen

Question 57

A molecular formula always indicates .

A) the geometry of a molecule
B) the simplest whole- number ratio of different atoms in a compound
C) which atoms are attached to which in a molecule
D) the isotope of each element in a compound
E) how many of each atom are in a molecule

Question 58

In the symbol below, x is .

A) the isotope number
B) the mass number
C) the atomic number
D) the elemental symbol
E) the number of neutrons

Question 59

Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which are particles?

A) a- rays and y- rays
B) a- rays and fi- rays
C) a- rays, fi- rays, and y- rays
D) fi- rays
E) y- rays

Question 60

Which one of the following basic forces is so small that it has no chemical significance?

A) strong nuclear force
B) gravity
C) electromagnetism
D) Coulomb's law
E) weak nuclear force

Question 61

The atomic mass unit is presently based on assigning an exact integral mass (in amu) to an isotope of .

A) helium
B) sodium
C) carbon
D) hydrogen
E) oxygen

Question 62

Which pair of elements below should be the most similar in chemical properties?

A) I and Br
B) Cs and He
C) B and As
D) C and O
E) K and Kr

Question 63

The mass number of an atom of ¹¹⁸Xe is _ .

A) 64
B) 118
C) 110
D) 172
E) 54

Question 64

Different isotopes of a particular element contain the same number of .

A) neutrons
B) subatomic particles
C) protons and neutrons
D) protons, neutrons, and electrons
E) protons

Question 65

The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is (Amu)

A) 57.23
B) 56.11
C) 33.33
D) 56.29
E) 55.74

Question 66

The species contains 16 neutrons.

A). ³⁶Cl
B). ³¹P
C). ⁸⁰Br^-
D). ³⁴S^2-
E). ¹⁶O

Question 67

Which combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons is correct for the isotope of copper, ⁶³ Cu?
29

A) 29 p⁺, 34 n°, 29 e^-
B) 63 p⁺, 29 n°, 63 e^-
C) 34 p⁺, 34 n°, 29 e^-
D) 34 p⁺, 29 n°, 34 e^-
E) 29 p⁺, 29 n°, 63 e^-

Question 68

There are electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom of

A) 78, 78, 132
B) 54, 54, 78
C) 54, 54, 132
D) 78, 78, 54
E) 132, 132, 54

Question 69

In the Rutherford nuclear- atom model, .

A) the light subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
B) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
C) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass
D) mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
E) the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus

Question 70

Gravitational forces act between objects in proportion to their

A) charges
B) masses
C) volumes
D) densities
E) polarizability

Question 71

All atoms of a given element have the same .

A) density
B) number of protons
C) number of electrons and neutrons
D) mass
E) number of neutrons

Question 72

Which one of the following polyatomic ions has the same charge as the hydroxide ion?

A) carbonate
B) ammonium
C) phosphate
D) nitrate
E) sulfate

Question 73

An atom of ¹⁷O contains protons.

A) 17
B) 11
C) 9
D) 25
E) 8

Question 74

The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu.

A) 17.65
B) 17.11
C) 17.20
D) 16.90
E) 16.90 .

Question 75

Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following isotopic masses:

The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is .

A) 0.7578
B) 0.9047
C) 0.5184
D) 0.2422
E) 0.4816

Question 76

Consider the following selected postulates of Dalton's atomic theory:
i. Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
ii. Atoms are indivisible.
iii. Atoms of a given element are identical.
iv. Atoms of different elements are different and have different properties. Which of the postulates is(are)no longer valid?

A) (iii) and (iv)
B) (i) and (ii)
C) (ii) only
D) (iii) only
E) (ii) and (iii)

Question 77

Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?

A) All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have different properties.
B) Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
C) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
D) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions:
Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
E) Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms.

Question 78

Which atom has the largest number of neutrons?

A) calcium- 40
B) argon- 40
C) phosphorous- 30
D) chlorine- 37
E) potassium- 39

Question 79

In the symbol shown below, x =

A) 13
B) 7
C) 6
D) 12
E) not enough information to determine

Question 80

Which one of the following is the formula of hydrochloric acid?

A) HClO
B) HCl
C) HClO₃
D) HClO₄
E) HClO₂