Deck 15: Cousins or Just Good Friends? Testing Relationships Using the Correlation Coefficient

Question 1

What is another term for a negative correlation?

A) Indirect
B) Nondirectional
C) Direct
D) Unidirectional

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following Excel functions calculates a correlation coefficient similar to the CORREL function?

A) PEARSON
B) PHI
C) POINT-BISERIAL
D) BISERIAL

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The correlation coefficient is a measure of which of the following?

A) Mean differences
B) Causation
C) Prediction
D) Association

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is another use for correlation coefficients?

A) Testing mean differences
B) Testing causal relationships
C) Estimating reliability
D) Estimating power

Question 5

What is the most important characteristic of a correlation coefficient?

A) Sign
B) Absolute value
C) One-tailed
D) Two-tailed

Question 6

The level of risk or Type I error typically set for testing the level of significance of a correlation coefficient is which of the following?

A) .01
B) .50
C) .05
D) .10

Question 7

Which of the following is the appropriate method for calculating the degrees of freedom associated with a correlation coefficient?

A) n - 1
B) n - 2
C) n - 3
D) n - 4

Question 8

Which of the following Greek symbols is used to represent the population estimate for a correlation coefficient?

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a null hypothesis for testing a correlation coefficient?

Question 10

What is another term for a positive correlation?

A) Indirect
B) Nondirectional
C) Direct
D) Unidirectional

Question 11

Measures that occur over a period of time are known as?

A) Predictive measures
B) Longitudinal measures
C) Concurrent measures
D) Consecutive measures

Question 12

Which of the following represents the test statistic for a correlation coefficient?

A) ?
B) F
C) t
D) r

Question 13

If you do not predict a relationship between two variables as being either positive or negative, what type of test should you use?

A) Two-tailed
B) ANOVA
C) One-tailed
D) Cohen's d

Question 14

Although you can use the correlation coefficient as its own test statistic, what is the other appropriate test statistic often used to examine the significance of a correlation?

A) F test
B) Cohen's d
C) t test
D)?^2

Question 15

Which of the following types of reliability correlates scores on a single measure on two different occasions?

A) Test-retest
B) Interrater
C) Parallel forms
D) Internal consistency

Question 16

What is the name of the Greek letter p?

A) Phi
B) Rho
C) Chi
D) Alpha

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a research hypothesis for testing a correlation coefficient?

Question 18

If you posit a relationship between two variables as being either positive or negative, what type of test should you use?

A) Two-tailed
B) ANOVA
C) One-tailed
D) Cohen's d

Question 19

In the formula for calculating degrees of freedom for a correlation coefficient, what does the n represent?

A) Sample size
B) Number of groups
C) Number of pairs
D) Population

Question 20

What are measures that occur at the same time known as?

A) Predictive measures
B) Longitudinal measures
C) Concurrent measures
D) Consecutive measures

Question 21

If you are examining the relationship between variables (not the difference between groups) and only two variables are being used, what is the appropriate test statistic?

Question 22

What two test statistics can be used to test the significance of a correlation coefficient?

Question 23

If the correlation between two variables is .496, how much of the variance has not been accounted for?

Question 24

What does a correlation coefficient represent?

Question 25

If you think that there is a positive correlation between two variables, is the test one-tailed or two tailed? If you hypothesize that there is a negative correlation between two variables, is the test one-tailed or two-tailed?

Question 26

How do you calculate the degrees of freedom when testing the correlation coefficient?

Question 27

If the correlation between two variables is .496, what is the coefficient of determination?

Question 28

What are the null and research hypotheses for testing a correlation coefficient?

Question 29

What are the considerations/requirements one must follow in order to know that a test of the correlation coefficient is the appropriate statistic?

Question 30

If the correlation between two variables is .496, what is the coefficient of determination?

A) 246
B)496
C) 504
D) 754

Question 31

How would you decide whether to use a one-tailed or two-tailed test for a correlation coefficient?

Question 32

If the correlation between two variables is .496, how much of the variance has not been accounted for?

A) 24.6%
B) 49.6%
C) 50.4%
D) 75.4%