Deck 12: Children and Adolescents: Nutrition Issues, Services, and Programs

Question 1

Iron deficiency is common throughout the world, but not in the United States.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The average number of daily servings of fruit and vegetables consumed by children still falls short of the recommendations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Despite advances in clinical and preventive medicine, children and adolescents in the U.S. have significant nutritional concerns.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

All schools that offer the School Lunch Program (NSLP) are also required to offer the breakfast program.

Question 5

Nearly 60 percent of overweight children have been shown to have at least one cardiovascular risk factor.

Question 6

The widespread practice of dieting among adolescent girls places them at risk for under nutrition.

Question 7

Children with special health care needs are at increased nutritional risk due to potential feeding problems, drug/nutrient interactions, and decreased mobility.

Question 8

​The final review for t​he Healthy People 2010 initiative shows an overall trend for the worse in the data on the weight status of children.

Question 9

The primary feeding goal of a child with special needs is for the child to feed him- or herself.

Question 10

Extreme weight-loss behaviors, such as vomiting, using laxatives, or taking diet pills, are a potential cause of under nutrition in adolescent girls.

Question 11

Diabetes mellitus is the number one most chronic disease of childhood.

Question 12

As children grow into teens, their diets typically improve.

Question 13

The Healthy Eating Index is used as an indicator of diet quality as it provides an overall picture of the types of foods people choose to eat and of their adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Question 14

Legislation is being sought to eliminate the "reduced-price" category within the National School Lunch Program.

Question 15

BMI values for children and adolescents are age-specific but not gender-specific.

Question 16

More students participate in the School Breakfast Program than the National School Lunch Program.

Question 17

Adolescent males and females have the same iron needs.

Question 18

Nearly half of family food expenditures are spent on food and beverages outside the home.

Question 19

Children's eating habits have changed little over the past 20 years.

Question 20

Overweight children tend to be taller and mature earlier than children who are not overweight.

Question 21

Childhood obesity is associated with ____.

A)hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced HDL-cholesterol
B)hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated HDL-cholesterol
C) hypoinsulinemia, hypotriglyceridemia, and reduced HDL-cholesterol
D) hypoinsulinemia, hypotriglyceridemia, and elevated HDL-cholesterol

Question 22

Dietary quality tends to decline from childhood to adolescence mainly because of the ____.

A)decreased intake of sodium
B)decreased intake of fruits
C) increased intake of vegetables
D) increased intake of whole grains

Question 23

Which two USDA nutrition education programs specifically target the improvement of children's health?

A)Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program and Team Nutrition
B)Action for Healthy Kids and Title V Maternal and Child Health Program
C) Medicaid and the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment program
D) Head Start and Early Head Start programs

Question 24

More than 50% of children and adolescents enrolled in school eat at least one of three meals at school.

Question 25

Healthy People 2020 aims to increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity to ____.

A)9.3%
B)​17.9%
C) 28.7%
D) 31.6%

Question 26

Successful, effective nutrition programs for children and youth are those that ignore the mixed messages in the media about product sand values.

Question 27

Children typically gain ____ or more pounds per year between one year of age and adolescence.

A)2
B)3
C) 5
D) 7

Question 28

The National Football League (NFL) helped establish the Fuel Up to Play 60 program focused on fighting childhood obesity.

Question 29

​In 2010, _____ of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years were overweight.

A)​5%
B)​11%
C) ​18%
D) ​21%

Question 30

As measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) for adolescents ages 2-17, the consumption of which dietary components were farthest from recommendations?

A)dairy products and protein foods
B)total fruits and vegetables
C) green vegetables and beans
D) whole grains and protein foods

Question 31

Team Nutrition, founded in 1995 by the USDA, focuses on getting students involved in school sports programs.

Question 32

Over the past 20 years, there has been an increase in _____ of commonly consumed foods.

A)fiber content
B)portion sizes
C) nutrient density
D) cholesterol content

Question 33

Children typically grow ____ inches taller per year between one year of age and adolescence.

A)1-2
B)2-3
C) 4-5
D) at least 5

Question 34

Which of the following is a clear risk factor for type 2 diabetes in children?

A)younger than 10 years of age
B)strong family history of hypoglycemia
C) overweight
D) Asian ancestry

Question 35

Improving child nutrition is the focal point of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010.

Question 36

Most schools prohibit "competitive foods" from being sold on school grounds.

Question 37

As measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) for adolescents ages 2-17, the consumption of which dietary components were closest to the standards?

A)dairy products and protein foods
B)total fruits and vegetables
C) green vegetables and beans
D) whole grains and protein foods

Question 38

Overweight in children is defined as having a BMI ____ on the CDC growth chart.

A)above the 15^thbut below the 25^th percentile
B)above the 50^th but below the 60^th percentile
C) above the 85^th but below the 95^th percentile
D) at or above the 95^th percentile

Question 39

Which social influence is associated with improved diet quality in children?

A)eating family meals at home
B)dining out with friends
C) eating take-out meals alone
D) dining at fast food restaurants with family

Question 40

Obesity in children is defined as having a BMI ____ percentile on the CDC growth chart.

A)above the 50^th
B)above the 75^th
C) above the 85^th
D) above the 95^th

Question 41

As a program of Feeding America, ____ is one of the nation's largest free meal service programs for children.

A)Team Nutrition
B)Kids Café
C) The National School Lunch Program
D) The Summer Food Service Program

Question 42

The prevalence of hunger in children is ____ times higher among racial and ethnic minorities.

A)2
B)3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 43

The _____ mandate(s) the provision of comprehensive nutrition services to special needs children 3-5 years of age, using a community-based approach that focuses on the family.

A)American Disabilities Act
B)Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act
C) Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments
D) Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act

Question 44

The Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents classifies a total blood cholesterol level of ____ mg/dL or an LDL-cholesterol level of ____ mg/dL as high.

A)300; 150
B)240; 160
C) 200; 130
D) 160; 53

Question 45

The prevalence of hunger in children is ____ times higher in single-mother households.

A)2
B)4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 46

The method of negotiating whose main precept is that a decision about an issue should be based on its merits, not on what each side says it will or will not do, is referred to as ____.

A)principled negotiation
B)hard negotiation
C) soft negotiation
D) business negotiation

Question 47

Low calcium intakes during the peak bone-building years increase the risk of ____ in later life, especially among females.

A)hypertension
B)type 2 diabetes
C) osteoporosis
D) anemia

Question 48

The link between high blood lead levels and ____ in children led to a large-scale public health effort and legislation to eliminate or reduce lead from certain products.

A)increased iron deficiency
B)decreased bone health
C) lowered intelligence
D) stunted growth

Question 49

Females account for about ____ of people with eating disorders.

A)90%
B)75%
C) 50%
D) 25%

Question 50

A serious commitment to which sport may especially predispose some female athletes to the development of eating disorders?

A)soccer
B)tennis
C) gymnastics
D) basketball

Question 51

The Free to Be Me program, which helped young girls feel good about their bodies, worked within the framework of which established, widely accepted community program?

A)YWCA
B)YMCA
C) Boys and Girls Club
D) Girl Scouts

Question 52

Which initiative was implemented first?

A)After School Snack Program
B)National School Lunch Program
C) School Breakfast Program
D) Summer Food Service Program for Children

Question 53

Which of the following children is most likely to be iron deficient?

A)A white male who plays soccer.
B)A Mexican-American male living above the poverty threshold.
C) A Native American female from a middle-class family.
D) An African-American female living below the poverty threshold.

Question 54

Improving child nutrition is the focus of the ____, which authorizes funding and allows the USDA to reform the nutrition standards of the school lunch and breakfast programs.

A)Child Nutrition Act of 1966
B)Economic Opportunity and Community Partnership Act of 1967
C) National School Lunch Act of 1946
D) Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010

Question 55

Which of the following is credited with the substantial decline in dental caries in children?

A)decreased sugar consumption
B)fluoridation of public drinking water
C) elimination of lead-based house paint
D) increased availability of bottled water

Question 56

The School Breakfast Program serves breakfast for free or at a reduced price of no more than ____ to students from households with incomes at or below the income eligibility guidelines.

A)$0.30
B)$0.40
C) $0.50
D) $0.60

Question 57

More than one-third of the dollars spent on food away from home are spent ____.

A)on fast foods
B)at fine dining establishments
C) on produce from farmer's markets
D) at convenience stores

Question 58

The most common chronic disease of children aged 5 to 17 years is ____.

A)diabetes
B)COPD
C) hypertension
D) dental caries

Question 59

Which statement best describes, in general, the nutritional health status of U.S. children?

A)It is worse today than ever before.
B)It is better today than ever before.
C) It is the same today as it has been for a decade.
D) It is much worse today than it was a decade ago.

Question 60

Not eating enough fruits and vegetables, eating too much fat, and not engaging in regular vigorous physical activity are contributing factors to the fact that more than ____ of young people are considered overweight or obese.

A)5%
B)12%
C) 17%
D) 23%

Question 61

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Improve the diets of low-income households by increasing their ability to purchase foods.

Question 62

Match the program in the right column with the appropriate description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.Fuel Up to Play 60
b.Farm-to-School
c.​Best Bones Forever
d.​Kids Café Program
e.​Eat Smart. Play Hard.
​An in-school program that encourages the availability and consumption of nutrient-rich foods and at least an hour of daily physical activity.

Question 63

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Improve the health and nutritional status of low-income women, infants, children and the elderly through donation of supplemental foods.

Question 64

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Improve the diets of school and preschool children by using government surplus foods.

Question 65

Match the program in the right column with the appropriate description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.Fuel Up to Play 60
b.Farm-to-School
c.​Best Bones Forever
d.​Kids Café Program
e.​Eat Smart. Play Hard.
​Program goal is to encourage calcium consumption and physical activity to reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life.

Question 66

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Assist states in initiating, maintaining, and expanding nonprofit food service programs for children and elderly or impaired adults in nonresidential day care facilities.

Question 67

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
School Breakfast Program

Question 68

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
Head Start Program

Question 69

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
​Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program

Question 70

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Makes food commodities available to the states for distribution to the needy.

Question 71

Match the program in the right column with the appropriate description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.Fuel Up to Play 60
b.Farm-to-School
c.​Best Bones Forever
d.​Kids Café Program
e.​Eat Smart. Play Hard.
​A program of Feeding America, the primary goal is to provide free prepared food and nutrition education to hungry children.

Question 72

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
​Summer Food Service Program for Children

Question 73

Match the program in the right column with the appropriate description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.Fuel Up to Play 60
b.Farm-to-School
c.​Best Bones Forever
d.​Kids Café Program
e.​Eat Smart. Play Hard.
​Uses a mascot, Power Panther, as the primary communication vehicle for delivering messages about nutrition and physical activity to children and their caregivers.

Question 74

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
​National School Lunch Program

Question 75

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Provide fresh fruits and vegetables to low-income individuals while supporting local farmers.

Question 76

Which trait is characteristic of a hard negotiator?

A)their goal is agreement among the parties
B)they think of the participants as friends
C) they perceive the process as a contest of wills
D) they make concessions to maintain the relationship

Question 77

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
​Title V Maternal and Child Health Program

Question 78

Match the program in the left column with the appropriate administering body in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.DHHS
b.USDA
​Special Milk Program for Children

Question 79

Match the program in the right column with the appropriate description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.Fuel Up to Play 60
b.Farm-to-School
c.​Best Bones Forever
d.​Kids Café Program
e.​Eat Smart. Play Hard.
Students gain access to healthy, local foods and experiential learning opportunities.

Question 80

Match the program in the right column with its purpose in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​Child and Adult Care Food Program
b.​Commodity Supplemental Food Program
c.​Emergency Food Assistance Program
d.​Food Distribution Program
e.​Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
f.​WIC
g.​WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
​Provide, at no cost, supplemental nutritious food, nutrition education, and referrals to health care to low-income pregnant women, infants, and children to age 5 who are at nutritional risk.