Deck 6: The Art and Science of Policy Making

Question 1

As a community nutritionist, you will find that only national policy issues directly affect your work and the services you deliver.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Lobbying is an ineffective method of communicating with elected officials.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Licensure is a state regulatory action that establishes and enforces minimum competency standards for individuals working in regulated professions, such as dietetics.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

All states have state licensure laws for practicing dietitians.

Question 5

Bread for the World is an example of a trade association interest group.

Question 6

E-mailing your legislators can be an effective way to communicate with them.

Question 7

While Congress sets the policy, the enforcing agencies, such as the USDA and DHHS, are responsible for interpreting the law and providing detailed rules that put the policy into place.

Question 8

Medical nutrition therapy is a service provided by a registered dietitian that includes counseling, nutrition support, and nutrition assessment and screening to improve people's health and quality of life.

Question 9

Before a problem can be addressed, a majority of people must be convinced that it is a public as opposed to a private issue.​

Question 10

The purpose of policy termination is to determine whether a program is achieving its stated goals and reaching its intended audience.

Question 11

​Before money can be released to a program, an appropriation bill must be passed.

Question 12

A functional food is one that may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Question 13

In the grassroots pyramid, there are more power players than fence sitters.

Question 14

Using the Internet and other media sources is an appropriate method of building community awareness of an issue.

Question 15

For entitlement programs, Congress provides whatever money is required from year to year to maintain benefits for eligible people.

Question 16

​In the U.S., the steps followed by a bill that originates in the House are significantly different than those of a bill originating in the Senate.

Question 17

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has a PAC that has the legal authority to raise funds to support a given presidential candidate.

Question 18

Evaluation of a public policy should only occur after the policy has been terminated.

Question 19

Currently, food safety efforts are consolidated into one independent agency.

Question 20

A community nutritionist will enforce policy decisions in his or her practice.

Question 21

A street-level bureaucrat, such as a ____, makes daily policy decisions by interpreting government laws and regulating citizens.

A)federal Congressman
B)schoolteacher
C) food inspector
D) state Senator

Question 22

The USDA agency responsible for administering the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is the ____.

A)Food Safety and Inspection Service
B)Health Resources and Services Administration
C) National Institutes of Health
D) Food and Nutrition Service

Question 23

The new rules of day-to-day operations necessary to carry out laws are published in the weekly ____.

A)Federal Register
B)Catalog of Federal Assistance
C) Congressional Journal
D) Congressional Record

Question 24

The Food and Drug Administration is an agency of the ____.

A)National Institutes of Health
B)Food and Nutrition Service
C) Department of Health and Human Services
D) Department of Agriculture

Question 25

In which phase of the policy-making process are tools/instruments for dealing with the problem typically chosen?

A)formulation of alternatives
B)policy adoption
C) policy termination
D) problem definition and agenda setting

Question 26

Which agency houses 27 separate institutes and centers?

A)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B)Food and Drug Administration
C) National Institutes of Health
D) Food and Nutrition Service

Question 27

The overall mission of the Department of Health and Human Services is to _____.

A)reduce hunger in America and in other parts of the world
B)support the production of agriculture
C) ensure a safe, affordable, nutritious, and accessible food supply
D) protect the health of all Americans and provide essential human services

Question 28

After a bill is introduced in either body of Congress, the bill is sent ____.

A)to the President
B)from the House to the Senate or vice versa
C) to a committee
D) to the systemic agenda

Question 29

_____ is the process in which people concerned about an issue work to bring the issue to the attention of government officials.

A)Agenda setting
B)Formulation of alternatives
C) Policy making
D) Policy adoption

Question 30

​The first step in the policy cycle is ____.

A)​the formulation of alternatives
B)​policy implementation
C) ​the problem definition and agenda setting
D) ​policy adoption

Question 31

Medical nutrition therapy for ____ is currently reimbursed by Medicare.

A)hypertension
B)obesity
C) diabetes
D) pre-diabetes

Question 32

Which is typically the most creative phase of the policy-making process?

A)formulation of alternatives
B)policy adoption
C) policy termination
D) problem definition and agenda setting

Question 33

In the United States, an issue must win support from the ____ in order to get onto the institutional agenda.

A)executive branch
B)judicial branch
C) Senate
D) so-called iron triangles

Question 34

Rules for day-to-day operation that are established so that laws can be carried out are called ____.

A)legislation
B)bills
C) appropriations
D) regulations

Question 35

Which two agencies are responsible for most nutrition programs at the federal level?

A)USDA and FDA
B)DHHS and USDA
C) DHHS and NIH
D) NIH and FDA

Question 36

The bill authorizing the WIC supplemental feeding program became Public Law 92-433. The numbers 92-433 stand for ____.

A)bill number 433, approved by a margin of 92
B)bill number 92, enacted by the 433^rd Congress
C) bill number 433, enacted by the 92^nd Congress
D) bill number 92, approved by 433 votes

Question 37

What is the most important time for constituent involvement in the legislative process?

A)bill introduction
B)committee stage
C) floor stage
D) subcommittee stage

Question 38

The ____ houses the ____, the agency that oversees research related to nutrient needs, food trends, composition of the diet, nutrient interactions, and bioavailability of nutrients.

A)Department of Health and Human Services; Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion
B)U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service
C) National Academy of Sciences; National Institute of Food and Agriculture
D) Food and Drug Administration; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Question 39

Once a bill has been sent from the Congress to the president, the president may ____.

A)sign it into law, at which point it becomes an act
B)veto it, which means it cannot become law
C) send it back with changes to conference committee
D) edit it, at which point it becomes a federal mandate

Question 40

After a bill has been introduced in Congress, the bill is published in the ____.

A)Federal Register
B)Code of Federal Regulations
C) White House Journal
D) Congressional Record

Question 41

Which federal agency is responsible for tracking food borne diseases?

A)Environmental Protection Agency
B)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
C) Federal Trade Commission
D) Food and Nutrition Service

Question 42

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They are "in the know" and understand the political system.

Question 43

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They will work diligently to get a task completed.

Question 44

_____ involves talking to public officials and legislators to persuade them to consider information you provide on an issue you believe is important.

A)Policy making
B)Lobbying
C) PACs
D) Coalition building

Question 45

The ____ gives the ____ power to require that supplement makers follow "good manufacturing practices".

A)DSHEA; USDA
B)MNT; USDA
C) DSHEA; FDA
D) MNT; CDC

Question 46

UNICEF has decried the 'silent emergency' of ____ is an ongoing issue within developed and developing countries.

A)adult malnutrition
B)contaminated health supplements
C) child malnutrition
D) obesity

Question 47

The president submits a budget proposal to Congress in ____.

A)late January or early February
B)March or April
C) mid to late June
D) September or October

Question 48

In the federal budget process, the amounts of money that government agencies are allowed to spend in implementing their programs are called ____.

A)budget revenue
B)budget outlays
C) budget authority
D) entitlements

Question 49

One of the three priority public policy areas for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is

A)state licensure requirements
B)lifecycle nutrition
C) repeal of the MNT Act of 1997
D) insurance reimbursements

Question 50

Which program is an example of discretionary spending within the federal budget?

A)Social Security benefits
B)Medicare benefits
C) agricultural subsidies
D) funding for elderly nutrition programs

Question 51

The process of putting a policy into action is called ____.

A)problem setting
B)adoption
C) implementation
D) termination

Question 52

A ____ resolves differences in the appropriations bills passed by the two houses of Congress.

A)compromise agreement
B)reconciliation bill
C) caucus bill
D) continuing resolution

Question 53

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They have strong party allegiance and know their party members.

Question 54

When issuing a press release to the media, it is best to ____.

A)speak 'off-the-cuff' about the issue
B)keep the content of the release brief
C) begin with a vague call for action
D) require the press to do their own fact-checking

Question 55

In the House of Representatives, which committee has jurisdiction over revenue bills?

A)Executive Committee
B)Economic Development Committee
C) Ways and Means Committee
D) Economic Stimulus Committee

Question 56

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They aren't happy with the way things are, but aren't willing to do anything about it.

Question 57

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They feel strongly about an issue, but prefer to talk rather than do anything about it.

Question 58

Which approach to communicating with elected officials is most likely to be effective?

A)writing a multi-page letter referencing global examples for a local problem
B)sending an e-mail outlining your position with factual support
C) calling their offices and insisting on speaking directly to them
D) sending a letter addressed "To Whom It May Concern"

Question 59

A(n) ____ defines the scope of a program and sets a maximum or ceiling on how much money can be spent on it.

A)appropriation
B)authorization
C) budget overlay
D) budget authority

Question 60

____ are an effective tool for nutrition practitioners to become involved at the state and local level in policies that advance public health.

A)Advertising campaigns
B)Political action committees
C) Trade associations
D) Food policy councils

Question 61

Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​complementary and alternative medicine
b.​dietary and herbal supplements
c.​nutraceutical
d.​state licensure laws
e.​biotechnology
​Food products created by new scientific developments

Question 62

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​banner carriers
b.​critics
c.​fence sitters
d.​party people
e.​power players
f.​willing workers
​They seldom get involved, but can be motivated on a specific issue.

Question 63

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​significant gap between current reality and the desired state of affairs

Question 64

Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​complementary and alternative medicine
b.​dietary and herbal supplements
c.​nutraceutical
d.​state licensure laws
e.​biotechnology
​Goals include improving the nutritional quality and harvest yield of food crops.

Question 65

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​National Institutes of Health

Question 66

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Administration on Aging

Question 67

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Question 68

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Public Health Service

Question 69

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 70

Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​complementary and alternative medicine
b.​dietary and herbal supplements
c.​nutraceutical
d.​state licensure laws
e.​biotechnology
​Method to ensure individuals disseminating nutrition advice have the appropriate education and experience

Question 71

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Question 72

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​authority to spend money

Question 73

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Food Safety and Inspection Service

Question 74

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​issues that are the subject of public policy

Question 75

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​amounts actually paid out by government agencies

Question 76

Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​complementary and alternative medicine
b.​dietary and herbal supplements
c.​nutraceutical
d.​state licensure laws
e.​biotechnology
​Products are under no obligation to meet any standards of effectiveness or safety.

Question 77

Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.​
a.​complementary and alternative medicine
b.​dietary and herbal supplements
c.​nutraceutical
d.​state licensure laws
e.​biotechnology
​Adjunct to Western medicine with a less invasive approach.

Question 78

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​amounts that government agencies are allowed to spend in implementing their programs

Question 79

​Match the agency in the left column with the department to which it belongs listed in the right column. The same letter may be used more than once.
a.​USDA
b.​DHHS
​Food and Nutrition Service

Question 80

​Match the term in the right column with its definition in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​policy agenda
b.​appropriation
c.​budget authority
d.​budget outlays
e.​institutional agenda
f.​problem
​set of problems to which policy makers give their attention