Question 1

Providing interspersed practice intervals in which rest time at least equals practice time is known as:&#10;A)Variable practice&#10;B)Massed practice&#10;C)Whole-task practice&#10;D)Distributed practice

Accepted Answer

Distributed practice involves breaking up the practice time into intervals with rest time equal to or greater than practice time. This type of practice has been shown to be more effective for skill acquisition and retention compared to massed practice, where practice time is continuous with minimal rest intervals. Variable practice involves practicing a skill in multiple variations, while whole-task practice involves practicing the entire skill as a single unit.

Question 2

When new connections that constitute learning are associated with changes in the synaptic connections in the brain,the process is labeled:&#10;A)Long-term potentiation&#10;B)Neuroplasticity&#10;C)Memory trace&#10;D)Encoding

Accepted Answer

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a process in which the strength of a synapse is increased over time as a result of repeated stimulation. This process is thought to be the basis for learning and memory.

Question 3

Individuals with dementia may be able to continue to accomplish some well-learned behaviors as a result of:&#10;A)Procedural memory&#10;B)Episodic memory&#10;C)Declarative memory&#10;D)Semantic memory

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory is the type of memory that allows individuals to perform learned motor skills and tasks, such as brushing their teeth or riding a bike. This type of memory is often preserved in individuals with dementia, even as other types of memory decline.

Question 4

Of the following,which is NOT likely to be a goal of learning for older adults?&#10;A)Learning for its own sake&#10;B)Intellectual curiosity or personal fulfillment&#10;C)Social approval&#10;D)Enriched social contacts

Accepted Answer

While learning for social approval is a common goal for younger individuals, older adults are less likely to prioritize this as a goal for learning. Instead, they tend to prioritize learning for personal fulfillment, intellectual curiosity, and enriched social contacts.

Question 5

One strategy for supported learning in teaching new information is:&#10;A)Simplifying the material&#10;B)A memory aid strategy such as a mnemonic device&#10;C)Group learning that focuses on hands-on experience&#10;D)A memory coach or other support person

Accepted Answer

A memory aid strategy such as a mnemonic device is a recognized strategy for supported learning, as it helps students retain new information by making it more memorable and easier to recall.

Question 6

An approach to learning that reflects the special needs of older adults is:&#10;A)Androgogy&#10;B)Gerogogy&#10;C)Rote learning&#10;D)Problem solving

Accepted Answer

Gerogogy is the approach to learning that specifically addresses the educational needs and preferences of older adults.

Question 7

A reason that older adults are able to maintain function is:&#10;A)Accommodations made by older persons and society&#10;B)Preference for simple tasks by older individuals&#10;C)Tendency to avoid challenging roles and activities&#10;D)Protective impulses of younger individuals who step in and assist

Accepted Answer

Accommodations made by older persons and society. This includes things like assistive devices, home modifications, and societal policies that support aging in place and active engagement in society. These accommodations help older adults maintain function and independence.

Question 8

A set of practice or experience learning processes to enhance permanent change in capability for movement is:&#10;A)Motor performance&#10;B)Sensory enhancement&#10;C)Motor learning&#10;D)Supported learning

Accepted Answer

The definition given in the question matches that of motor learning, which involves the acquisition of permanent changes in motor performance through practice and experience. Sensory enhancement and supported learning are not specific to the motor domain, while motor performance refers to the actual execution of a motor task, rather than the learning process leading up to it.

Question 9

Damage to the semantic memory system leads to:&#10;A)Loss of understanding of the meanings of words&#10;B)Diminished ability to accomplish activities of daily living&#10;C)Inability to move memory from short-term to long-term storage&#10;D)Agitation,behavioral issues,and depression

Accepted Answer

Damage to the semantic memory system leads to the loss of understanding of the meanings of words. Semantic memory is responsible for the storage and retrieval of knowledge and facts about the world, including meanings of words and concepts. Damage to this system can lead to difficulties in understanding words and concepts, even if the person can still remember the words themselves.

Question 10

Which of the following is a true statement about learning in late life?&#10;A)Older adults have decreased rates of skill learning even when provided with protracted rehearsal and practice.&#10;B)Performance levels comparable to young adults are very likely to be achieved.&#10;C)Older adults are likely to match younger individuals in learning motor skills but to be less able to master cognitive tasks.&#10;D)Learning styles and abilities do not change in later life for most individuals.

Accepted Answer

Older adults often experience decreased rates of skill learning compared to younger individuals, even with extended rehearsal and practice. This is due to various factors including cognitive changes and slower processing speeds that can accompany aging.

Deck 25: Learning in Later Life