Question 1

What a drug does in the body is labeled as:&#10;A)Pharmacokinetics&#10;B)Pharmacodynamics&#10;C)Polypharmacy&#10;D)Adverse effect

Accepted Answer

Pharmacodynamics refers to what a drug does in the body, including its mechanism of action, effects on specific receptors or enzymes, and physiological response. Pharmacokinetics, on the other hand, refers to how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in the body. Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medications at the same time, and adverse effect refers to a harmful or unintended effect of a drug.

Question 2

Older adults with infectious illnesses such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections may not complain about their symptoms.This is characteristic of:&#10;A)Age-related stoicism&#10;B)Inability to articulate discomfort&#10;C)Silent symptoms&#10;D)Fear of institutionalization

Accepted Answer

Older adults may not exhibit the typical symptoms associated with infectious illnesses like pneumonia and urinary tract infections, a phenomenon often referred to as "silent symptoms." This means that the usual signs and symptoms we expect with these conditions might not be present or are less noticeable in older individuals, making diagnosis and treatment more challenging.

Question 3

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to die as a result of influenza?&#10;A)A 27-year-old African American male&#10;B)A 50-year-old white female&#10;C)A 15-year-old Hispanic male&#10;D)A 90-year-old white female

Accepted Answer

Older adults, those aged 65 years and older, are at higher risk of serious complications from influenza. The 90-year-old white female is the oldest person listed, and therefore the most likely to die from influenza.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of &#34;frailty syndrome&#34;?&#10;A)Weakness,slowness,low level of physical activity,low level of energy&#10;B)Multiple chronic conditions with associated activities of daily living (ADL)and instrumental ADL deficits&#10;C)Unwillingness to participate in self-care and other activities&#10;D)Dysfunction and dementia after a hospital stay

Accepted Answer

Frailty syndrome is characterized by weakness, slowness, low levels of physical activity, and low energy, which are key indicators of this condition.

Question 5

Substance abuse among the baby boom generation is characterized by:&#10;A)Lower rates than in previous generations&#10;B)Extensive use of prescription and over-the-counter medications&#10;C)Preference for whiskey-based alcohol over other substances&#10;D)An increase in the use of illicit drugs compared with other generations

Accepted Answer

The answer of Substance abuse among the baby boom generation...

Question 6

A characteristic of cancer in later life is:&#10;A)Greater virulence resulting in excess mortality&#10;B)Slower growth resulting in mortality from other causes&#10;C)The same presentation as is present for younger individuals&#10;D)Increased early symptoms,allowing for more rapid diagnosis

Accepted Answer

Cancer in later life often grows slower and is not the primary cause of mortality, as older individuals may have other health issues that lead to death.

Question 7

Of the following,which is MOST likely to be more severe in older adults compared with younger individuals?&#10;A)Diabetes&#10;B)Cancer&#10;C)Pneumonia&#10;D)Indigestion

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia is more severe in older adults due to the decline in the immune system that occurs with aging, making them more susceptible to complications such as sepsis or respiratory failure. Diabetes and cancer can affect individuals of all ages, and while age can increase the risk and severity of these conditions, it is not specific to older adults. Indigestion is a common condition that is generally not more severe in older adults compared to younger individuals.

Question 8

Urinary tract infections in later life may present with:&#10;A)More severe symptoms than in younger individuals&#10;B)More frequent inaccurate complaints about symptoms&#10;C)Greater antibiotic resistance and poorer treatment outcomes&#10;D)Greater difficulty diagnosing because of silent symptoms

Accepted Answer

In older adults, urinary tract infections (UTIs) often present with atypical or silent symptoms, making diagnosis more challenging.

Question 9

In occupational therapy and physical therapy interventions to address cancer,the most essential goal of treatment is:&#10;A)Reducing the need for families to provide support&#10;B)Increasing muscle strength and endurance&#10;C)Encouraging patients to accept aggressive treatment&#10;D)Supporting quality of life and meaningful occupations

Accepted Answer

The most essential goal of occupational therapy and physical therapy interventions in cancer care is to support quality of life and meaningful daily activities for patients. This includes addressing physical limitations and symptoms as well as emotional and cognitive changes that may impact a patient's ability to engage in their desired occupations. While increasing muscle strength and endurance may be a component of therapy, it is not the primary goal. Encouraging aggressive treatment may be a decision made by the patient and their medical team, but it is not within the scope of occupational therapy or physical therapy practice. Finally, while reducing the need for family support may be a desired outcome, it is not the primary goal of therapy interventions.

Question 10

Which is a true statement about diabetes in later life?&#10;A)Dietary and medication needs may require adjustment.&#10;B)Diabetes in later life is a less virulent disorder.&#10;C)If long-term consequences have not yet emerged,they are unlikely to appear.&#10;D)Very few individuals with diabetes survive into later life.

Accepted Answer

As individuals age, their bodies may become less effective at utilizing insulin, which can require changes in dietary and medication needs to manage their diabetes effectively.

Answer: B is false, as diabetes in later life can still have significant health complications and risks.

Answer: C is false, as long-term consequences for diabetes can often take years to develop, and older individuals with diabetes still need to receive regular monitoring and care to prevent or manage these consequences.

Answer: D is false, as many individuals with diabetes survive into later life with proper management and care.

Deck 17: Considerations for Medical Care of Older Adults