Question 1

Which of the following is NOT typically used to assess pain in older clients?&#10;A)Observation&#10;B)Self-report&#10;C)Standardized pain assessment instruments&#10;D)Electromyography

Accepted Answer

Electromyography is not typically used to assess pain in older clients. It is a diagnostic tool used to measure and record the electrical activity of muscles. Observation, self-report, and standardized pain assessment instruments are commonly used to assess pain in older clients.

Question 2

A risk factor for undertreatment of pain in older adults is:&#10;A)The individual's reluctance to report pain&#10;B)Lack of availability of useful medications&#10;C)Absence of nonmedication interventions to treat pain&#10;D)Family objections to pain treatment

Accepted Answer

Elderly individuals may be reluctant to report their pain, as they may think it is a normal part of aging or fear addiction to medication. This can lead to the undertreatment of their pain. Lack of medication availability or family objections to pain treatment can also be factors, but they are not as common as the individual's reluctance to report pain. Absence of nonmedication interventions to treat pain can even be a preventative measure for pain exacerbation.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for anorexia of aging?&#10;A)Preexisting eating disorder&#10;B)Cognitive deficits&#10;C)Poor oral health&#10;D)Comorbid disability or disease

Accepted Answer

Preexisting eating disorders are not considered a risk factor for anorexia of aging. Anorexia of aging refers to the loss of appetite and/or reduced food intake in older adults, which is influenced by factors such as cognitive deficits, poor oral health, and comorbid disabilities or diseases, rather than preexisting conditions like eating disorders typically developed earlier in life.

Question 4

Treatment of tinnitus includes all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)Some medications&#10;B)Hearing aids&#10;C)Maskers&#10;D)Exercise

Accepted Answer

While some medications, hearing aids, and maskers can be used to help manage tinnitus, exercise has not been shown to be effective in treating the condition. It is important for individuals with tinnitus to work with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment for their specific situation.

Question 5

Compensatory strategies for sarcopenia of the digestive system include all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)Optimal seating&#10;B)Adequate time for eating&#10;C)Alternating liquids and solids&#10;D)Restricting number of foods presented

Accepted Answer

Restricting the number of foods presented is not a compensatory strategy for sarcopenia of the digestive system. Optimal seating, adequate time for eating, and alternating liquids and solids are all compensatory strategies that can help individuals with sarcopenia of the digestive system improve their ability to digest and absorb nutrients from food. Restricting the number of foods presented may actually have a negative impact on overall nutrient intake and is therefore not a recommended strategy.

Question 6

Which of the following systems is LEAST involved in maintaining posture and balance?&#10;A)Visual system&#10;B)Vestibular system&#10;C)Gustatory system&#10;D)Musculoskeletal system

Accepted Answer

The gustatory system is responsible for taste perception and is not involved in maintaining posture and balance. The visual system and vestibular system work in conjunction to maintain balance, while the musculoskeletal system provides structural support for posture.

Question 7

A condition that results in loss of vision in the central field of vision is:&#10;A)Cataracts&#10;B)Age-related macular degeneration&#10;C)Glaucoma&#10;D)Diabetic retinopathy

Accepted Answer

Age-related macular degeneration specifically affects the macula which is responsible for central vision. Cataracts cause blurry vision but do not necessarily affect the central field of vision. Glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy can cause vision loss but do not specifically affect the central field of vision.

Question 8

A specific role for physical therapy in working with clients with visual disorders would be to:&#10;A)Assess and train in adaptive activities of daily living strategies including assistive devices.&#10;B)Evaluate cognitive status and incorporate cognitive management into work-related goals.&#10;C)Provide group therapy to address psychosocial issues as impairment increases.&#10;D)Evaluate mobility and provide training and assistive devices focused on mobility concerns.

Accepted Answer

Physical therapy specifically focuses on mobility, so evaluating mobility and providing training and assistive devices for mobility concerns is a key role for physical therapists working with clients with visual disorders.

Question 9

The utricle and saccule are part of which structure?&#10;A)Semicircular canals&#10;B)Brainstem&#10;C)Auditory nerves&#10;D)Cortex

Accepted Answer

The utricle and saccule are part of the vestibular system, which includes the semicircular canals and otolith organs such as the utricle and saccule. The semicircular canals detect rotational movements, while the utricle and saccule detect linear movements and changes in head position.

Question 10

An untreatable loss of sight that is not correctable with standard eyeglasses and that interferes with the functioning of the individual and leads to disability is considered:&#10;A)Legal blindness&#10;B)Low vision&#10;C)Visual impairment&#10;D)Glaucoma

Accepted Answer

Low vision refers to a significant visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected with standard glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery, and it interferes with daily functioning.

Deck 14: Sensory Function,function Related to the Skin,and Pain: Health Conditions