Question 1

In Israel,the focus of services for older adults with long-term disabilities is on:&#10;A)Requiring families to provide the majority of the care needed&#10;B)Encouraging placement in long-term care facilities&#10;C)Providing supports that allow these elders to remain in the community&#10;D)Avoiding services because there are no common kinds of needs

Accepted Answer

Israel has a policy of providing supports that allow older adults with long-term disabilities to remain in the community as long as possible, rather than relying on families or institutionalization. This includes home-based care and services, as well as community-based programs and support networks.

Question 2

A Mexican institution that is organized to boost the physical,emotional,and intellectual abilities of senior citizens is:&#10;A)Third Age Clubs&#10;B)INAPLEN&#10;C)&#34;70 and Over&#34;&#10;D)University of the Third Age

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

The change in the name of the INSEN (Instituto Nacional de la Senectud)was changed to Instituto Nacional de Adultos en Plenitud (INAPLEN)as a way to:&#10;A)Make it clear that many services were being provided to older adults in Mexico&#10;B)Eliminate the somewhat stigmatized concept of senectud (senescence)&#10;C)Increase awareness that older adults in Mexico have numerous social service needs and concerns&#10;D)Make it clear that older adults in Mexico have substantial resources

Accepted Answer

The change in the name from INSEN to INAPLEN was made to eliminate the somewhat stigmatized concept of senectud (senescence), which is associated with aging and decline. This change acknowledged that older adults in Mexico have numerous social service needs and concerns, but the primary reason for the change was to remove negative connotations associated with aging.

Question 4

In South Africa,health care and services for older adults are structured as:&#10;A)Distinct and inequitable public and private programs&#10;B)A single-payer,comprehensive public system&#10;C)A combination of public sector and traditional healing strategies&#10;D)Private insurance and private pay services

Accepted Answer

In South Africa, health care and services for older adults are structured as distinct and inequitable public and private programs. Public programs are available to those who cannot afford private programs, but there are limitations in terms of quality and access. Private programs are available to those who can afford them, but they are often costly and not accessible to many older adults. This creates an inequitable system where access to quality health care is dependent on one's ability to pay.

Question 5

Traditional roles of older adults in South Africa at present:&#10;A)Remain strong and central to family structures&#10;B)Have eroded as a result of economic changes and urbanization&#10;C)Continue to be marginalized as they were throughout the history of the country&#10;D)Have improved as the proportion of the population that is aging has increased

Accepted Answer

Economic changes and urbanization have led to the erosion of traditional roles of older adults in South Africa, as younger generations move to urban areas for work, altering family dynamics and reducing the centrality of older adults in family structures.

Question 6

A common feature of the health care and social services systems in Mexico,Israel,and South Africa is:&#10;A)Careful coordination of services through strong government oversight&#10;B)Complexity and gaps in services as a result of fragmented sources of funding&#10;C)Equity regardless of cultural/ethnic background and socioeconomic status&#10;D)Excessive reliance on families as the sole method of caring for elders

Accepted Answer

Mexico, Israel, and South Africa all have fragmented sources of funding for their health care and social services systems. This leads to complexity and gaps in services, as different sources of funding have different requirements and limitations. This can make it difficult for individuals to access the care they need, and can result in disparities in care based on factors such as income and geographic location.

Question 7

Among the reasons for the aging of the population in Israel are all of the following,EXCEPT:&#10;A)Reductions in disease in the older populations&#10;B)Reduced fertility rates&#10;C)Increased immigration of older populations&#10;D)Increase in women in the workforce

Accepted Answer

Increase in women in the workforce is not a reason for the aging of the population.

Question 8

The view of traditional medicine practices as seen by general medical practitioners is:&#10;A)Reluctant acceptance in spite of doubts about efficacy&#10;B)A tendency to ignore any traditional medicine practices&#10;C)Enthusiastic embrace of traditional practices as superior to general medicine&#10;D)Acceptance and coordination of care among providers to the extent possible

Accepted Answer

General medical practitioners may have some doubts or reservations about the efficacy of traditional medicine practices, but they generally recognize the value and importance of these practices in the care of their patients. In many cases, they may coordinate care with traditional medicine providers to ensure the best possible outcomes for their patients. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 9

Among older Mexicans from indigenous populations,the majority are characterized by:&#10;A)Stable families and broad social supports&#10;B)High levels of literacy and work achievement&#10;C)High levels of illiteracy and poverty&#10;D)Socioeconomic circumstances comparable to other Mexican populations

Accepted Answer

Older Mexicans from indigenous populations are more likely to have high levels of illiteracy and poverty compared to other Mexican populations. This is due to historical discrimination and marginalization, as well as lack of access to education and job opportunities. While there may be some stable families and social supports within these communities, the overall socioeconomic circumstances are often poorer.

Question 10

An innovative aspect of care in Israel is the implementation of Supportive Communities.These communities provide all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)A neighborhood facilitator who ensures personal safety,safety and security of homes,and home repairs&#10;B)An emergency call button&#10;C)A physician/ambulance on call 24 hours a day&#10;D)Clothing shopping allowance

Accepted Answer

The other options listed are all services provided by Supportive Communities in Israel, but clothing shopping allowance is not included.

Deck 4: Policy and Systems Around the World: Supplemental Essays