Deck 9: Adolescence: Body and Mind

Question 1

_____ is a hormone that peaks in puberty and stimulates appetite.

Answer 1

Leptin

Question 2

Because of diets containing too little _____ from beverages like milk,many of today's teenagers will develop osteoporosis later in life.

Answer 2

calcium

Question 3

The condition characterized by self-starvation is known as "_____."

Answer 3

anorexia;anorexia nervosa

Question 4

A teen with a negative _____ feels insecure about the way he or she looks,which often leads to dieting and poor nutrition.

Question 5

The _____ are also called "the sex glands."

Question 6

Breast development and voice change during adolescence are examples of changes called "_____ sex characteristics."

Question 7

The first menstrual period is called "_____."

Question 8

The _____ is a day-night cycle of biological activity that occurs approximately every 24 hours.

Question 9

The first ejaculation of seminal fluid is called "_____."

Question 10

The _____ is not fully developed until adulthood and is responsible for cognitive control.

Question 11

The years of physical growth and sexual maturation that end childhood are called "_____."

Question 12

The _____ system reaches full maturation before the prefrontal cortex,which makes strong,immediate sensations extremely attractive to teens.

Question 13

Sexual development before the age of 8 is called "_____ puberty."

Question 14

_____ increases the hormonal onset of puberty,especially if a child's parents are,for example,sick,drug addicted,or divorced.

Question 15

In height,the average pubescent girl is about _____ years ahead of the average boy.

Question 16

Regarding brain development,the connection between the ventral striatum and the _____ changes during puberty,and this increases risk taking.

Question 17

The feature characteristic of _____ involves overeating compulsively followed by purging via vomiting or the use of laxatives.

Question 18

As a result of the development of the _____ prior to the prefrontal cortex,adolescents are generally ruled more by emotion than by logic.

Question 19

During a _____,first there is an increase in weight,then an increase in height,and finally an increase in muscles.

Question 20

Cassie couldn't wait to get on her boyfriend's motorcycle,knowing that they would blast 80 miles per hour down the expressway.As a 15-year-old,her limbic system was more developed than her _____,so she sought the thrill without thinking of the possible consequences.

Question 21

According to Jean Piaget,adolescents enter the cognitive stage called "_____ thought."

Question 22

Any disease transmitted through sexual contact is a(n)_____.

Question 23

_____ determines the impact of pubertal development and sex characteristics.

Question 24

_____ occurs when sexual photos once shared consensually between two teens are used maliciously.

Question 25

In _____ births to teenage mothers decreased 50 percent between 2007 and 2015 across races and ethnicities.

Question 26

When thinking about possibilities that may or may not reflect reality,an adolescent can use _____ thought.

Question 27

Two modes of information processing advance during adolescence.One mode is analytic thought and the other mode is _____.

Question 28

_____ thought arises from beliefs and assumptions rather than a logical premise.

Question 29

Due to egocentrism,young adolescents consider themselves to be _____,special,and admired or disliked more than they actually are.

Question 30

Child _____ is any erotic activity that arouses an adult and excites,shames,or confuses a child.

Question 31

_____ reasoning involves using specific experiences to form a general conclusion.

Question 32

_____ education is the period after primary education and before tertiary education.

Question 33

Lee,age 30,recalls taking significant risks as an adolescent,never considering the consequences of being caught and ignoring the advice of others.Lee's behavior was likely influenced by the _____ fable of adolescence.

Question 34

The ability to multiply unreal numbers,such as (3x)(5y),reflects Jean Piaget's _____ operational stage of cognitive development.

Question 35

The statement "If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck,it must be a duck" is an example of _____ reasoning.

Question 36

In _____ reasoning,one begins with a general premise and draws logical,specific conclusions from it.

Question 37

As costs tumble,the device MOST often responsible for creating digital natives among low-SES adolescents of every ethnic group is the _____.

Question 38

Young adolescents think intensely about themselves and what others think about them.This type of thinking is called "adolescent _____."

Question 39

_____ processing is the notion that two networks exist within the human brain,one for emotional processing of stimuli and one for analytical reasoning.

Question 40

Tamara,age 15,is extremely worried about going to sixth hour math with wet hair,as she just finished her swimming class.Tamara is concerned that everyone will notice her wet hair and make fun of her.This concern reflects the concept of the "_____."

Question 41

Cognitive control during adolescence is limited because the _____ is not yet fully developed.

A) limbic system
B) prefrontal cortex
C) basal ganglia
D) temporal lobe

Question 42

For girls,menarche is:

A) the beginning of growth of the uterus.
B) the first ovulation of a mature egg.
C) a girl's first menstrual period.
D) the first year of menstruation.

Question 43

Many U.S.states require high school students to pass high-stakes _____ in order to graduate.

Question 44

Mandy is in the seventh grade.Under typical circumstances,Mandy is attending a(n)_____ school.

Question 45

The _____ is an international test taken by 15-year-olds;it is designed to measure the problem solving and practical cognition used in daily life.

Question 46

For boys,the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

A) growth of the testes;initial pubic hair growth;growth of the penis;spermarche.
B) growth of the testes;growth of the penis;initial pubic hair growth;spermarche.
C) spermarche;growth of the testes;growth of the penis;initial pubic hair growth.
D) initial pubic hair growth;growth of the testes;spermarche;growth of the penis.

Question 47

The period when children's bodies become adult in terms of size,shape,and sexuality is called:

A) puberty.
B) youth.
C) the growth spurt.
D) secondary sex development.

Question 48

The first outward sign of puberty in a typical girl is:

A) an increase in weight.
B) the development of muscular strength.
C) a spurt in height.
D) the onset of nipple growth.

Question 49

Marla,age 12,has just experienced a sudden growth spurt.According to the usual sequence of puberty,soon she will notice:

A) initial pubic hair growth.
B) breast development.
C) her hips growing wider.
D) an increase in her shoe size.

Question 50

The first hormones to begin the process of puberty are triggered in the child's:

A) gonads.
B) penis or uterus.
C) adrenal glands.
D) hypothalamus.

Question 51

A "growth mindset" is also called _____.

Question 52

Recognition for academic excellence is especially elusive in _____,because teachers at this level tend to mark more harshly than those at other levels.

Question 53

For girls,the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

A) menarche,the growth spurt,and the beginning of breast development.
B) the beginning of breast development,the growth spurt,and menarche.
C) the growth spurt,menarche,and the beginning of breast development.
D) the growth spurt,the beginning of breast development,and menarche.

Question 54

Analysis of national educational practices and scores on the PISA finds that teachers and administrators who feel _____ correlate with high achievement among students.

Question 55

For boys,the first ejaculation of seminal fluid is:

A) penis growth.
B) spermarche.
C) first intercourse.
D) pubic hair.

Question 56

For boys,the first ejaculation generally occurs:

A) when facial hair first appears.
B) after the peak growth spurt.
C) following growth of the penis.
D) when the final pubic hair pattern is established.

Question 57

For both girls and boys,puberty typically begins as young as _____ years of age or as late as _____ years of age.

A) 5;18
B) 7;16
C) 8;14
D) 10;13

Question 58

For many students,academic achievement _____ and behavioral problems increase during middle school.

Question 59

Lee,age 11,noticed that he has some pubic hair.According to the usual sequence of puberty,his next pubertal event will probably be:

A) beard development.
B) penis growth.
C) spermarche.
D) voice change.

Question 60

Students who leave high school without graduating tend to be _____ boys from minority ethnic groups.

Question 61

Adolescents are more likely than adults to choose to stay up all night,go through a day without eating,exercise in pain,or text while driving because of an immature:

A) limbic system.
B) prefrontal cortex.
C) amygdala.
D) pituitary gland.

Question 62

Michael is an adolescent who experiences sleep deprivation,which makes him more likely to experience all of the following EXCEPT:

A) insomnia.
B) epilepsy.
C) mood disorders.
D) nightmares.

Question 63

About _____ of the variation in age of puberty is determined by genes.

A) one-half
B) two-thirds
C) one-fourth
D) three-fourths

Question 64

Which gland(s)receive(s)signals directly from the hypothalamus during the emergence of puberty?

A) adrenals
B) testes
C) pituitary
D) gonads

Question 65

The day-night cycle that occurs approximately every 24 hours is the:

A) biorhythm.
B) night-day cycle.
C) sleep cycle.
D) circadian rhythm.

Question 66

At adolescence,the pituitary activates the _____,which are the ovaries in females and testicles in males.

A) gonads
B) pituitary glands
C) adrenal glands
D) circadian rhythms

Question 67

Mary experienced menarche when she was 8 years old.She experienced:

A) precocious puberty.
B) abnormal hormonal fluctuations.
C) preterm menarche.
D) excessively high levels of androgens.

Question 68

Many adolescents think carefully and answer correctly when responding to paper-and-pencil questions about hypothetical risk-taking situations,yet in the real world they engage in risky behavior.This is due in part to their:

A) genes.
B) peers.
C) formal operational thinking.
D) intuitive thinking.

Question 69

During adolescence,the _____ matures before the _____ in the brain.

A) prefrontal cortex;limbic system
B) limbic system;prefrontal cortex
C) prefrontal cortex;amygdala
D) cerebellum;amygdala

Question 70

Statistically,which student is MOST likely to fall asleep during class?

A) Makayla,age 5
B) Wilhelm,age 8
C) Adam,age 11
D) Ivy,age 14

Question 71

Later high school start times have been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

A) less adolescent depression.
B) higher graduation rates.
C) less student absenteeism.
D) decreased college attendance.

Question 72

Since he entered puberty,DJ has been staying awake late at night,is often snacking at midnight,and has almost no energy in the morning.DJ's behavior:

A) means that he needs professional help.
B) means that he is trying to avoid his parents.
C) is due to changes in his brain.
D) is due to hormonal shifts.

Question 73

The correct sequence of puberty hormone production that starts in the brain and continues to the glands located below the waist is the:

A) hypothalamus,pituitary,adrenals.
B) pituitary,adrenals,hypothalamus.
C) adrenals,hypothalamus,pituitary.
D) pituitary,hypothalamus,adrenals.

Question 74

The biological events that begin puberty involve a hormonal signal from the:

A) cerebellum.
B) hypothalamus.
C) hippocampus.
D) ovaries or testes.

Question 75

James,16,invites a group of his high school friends to swim in a neighbor's pool late at night while that neighbor is away.They climb the fence and jump in,playing wildly and loudly in the water.A few minutes later,the police arrive.How does adolescent brain development help explain James's poor decision-making?

A) His limbic system is underdeveloped.
B) His prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped.
C) His amygdala is underdeveloped.
D) The regions regulating his emotions are overdeveloped.

Question 76

The organ that produces the hormones that stimulate the adrenal glands is the:

A) pituitary.
B) gonad.
C) hypothalamus.
D) thyroid.

Question 77

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to take dramatic risks in order to gain peer approval?

A) 5-year-old Eric
B) 10-year-old Simeon
C) 15-year-old Kevin
D) 20-year-old Bruce

Question 78

Sean is sixteen years old and likes to listen to extremely loud music,stay up all night without sleeping,and drink until he is drunk.He may enjoy these activities because his _____ is not yet fully developed.

A) limbic system
B) prefrontal cortex
C) basal ganglia
D) temporal lobe

Question 79

Which statement about the correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females is correct?

A) There is no correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty among females.
B) There is a positive correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females.
C) There is a negative correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty among females.
D) There is a correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty only among female adolescents who are Native American.

Question 80

Per mile driven,teenager drivers are _____ times more likely to die in a motor-vehicle crash than drivers over age 20.

A) 3
B) 7
C) 10
D) 15