Deck 24: Carbon: Not Just Another Element

Question 1

Which of the following is the general formula of an alkane?

A) C_nH_2n+2
B) C_2nH_2n-2
C) C_nH_n
D) C_nH_2n
E) Cn₊₂H_n

Answer 1

C_2nH_2n-2

Question 2

The carbon-carbon bonding of cyclopropane is shown below. How many hydrogen atoms are needed to complete the structural formula of cyclopropane?

A) 6
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12
E) 14

Answer 2

8

Question 3

Which one of the following molecules has a chiral center?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the name of the following compound?

A) 1,1,1-trimethylbutane
B) 3-butylpropane
C) 2-methyl-2-propylpropane
D) 4,4-dimethylpentane
E) 2,2-dimethylpentane

Question 5

Which of the following is a chiral molecule?

A) CH₃CBr₂Cl
B) CBrCl₂I
C) CH₃CHBrCH₂CH₃
D) (CH₃)₂CHCl
E) CH₂BrI

Question 6

Which of the following is a geometric isomer of the structure given below?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 7

Which of the following formulas represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

A) C₂H₆
B) C₃H₈
C) C₄H₁₀
D) C₆H₁₂
E) C₇H₁₆

Question 8

Which one of the following statements concerning isomers is INCORRECT?

A) Pairs of nonsuperimposable molecules are called enantiomers.
B) Enantiomers have identical melting and boiling points.
C) Molecules with two or more geometric isomers are termed chiral pairs.
D) Optical isomers rotate polarized light in opposite directions.
E) Structural isomers have the same composition, but the atoms are linked in different ways.

Question 9

The reaction of methane with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation can produce ____.

A) chloromethane
B) dichloromethane
C) trichloromethane
D) carbon tetrachloride
E) all of these products

Question 10

What is the molecular formula of a cyclic alkane with 5 carbon atoms?

A) C₅H₁₂
B) C₅H₈
C) C₅H₁₄
D) C₅H₁₀
E) C₅H₅

Question 11

Four of the following compounds are structural isomers. Which one is not?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 }$

Question 12

What is the molecular formula for heptane?

A) C₆H₁₂
B) C₆H₁₄
C) C₇H₁₄
D) C₇H₁₆
E) C₉H₂₀

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is a cycloalkane?

A) C₃H₄
B) C₄H₁₀
C) C₅H₁₂
D) C₆H₁₀
E) C₇H₁₄

Question 14

Which of the following structural formulas contains an error?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 15

Which of the following alkenes is capable of forming cis-trans isomers?

A) (CH₃)₂ = CH₂
B) (CH₃)₂ = CHBr
C) CH₃CH = CH₂
D) CH₃CH = CBr₂
E) CHBr = CHD

Question 16

What is the name of the following compound? CH₃-(CH₂)₅ -CH₃

A) Heptane
B) Pentane
C) Butane
D) Ethane
E) Hexane

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a hydrocarbon structural formula?

A) C₆H₁₂
B)
C)
D)
E) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 18

Which of the following molecules may be a cycloalkene?

A) C₄H₈
B) C₅H₁₂
C) C₅H₁₀
D) C₆H₁₂
E) C₆H₁₀

Question 19

What are the two types of stereoisomers?

A) geometrical and optical
B) optical and positional
C) geometrical and positional
D) geometrical and functional group
E) chiral and optical

Question 20

Which of the following noncyclic hydrocarbons has two π bonds?

A) C₃H₄
B) C₄H₈
C) C₆H₁₂
D) C₇H₁₄
E) C₈H₁₈

Question 21

Which one of the following hydrocarbons has cis and trans isomers?

A) hexane
B) 1-pentene
C) 2-methylpropane
D) 2-ethylbutane
E) 2-pentene

Question 22

What type of hydrocarbon is the following molecule?

A) alkane
B) alkene
C) alkyne
D) aromatic
E) cycloalkene

Question 23

What is the name of the given compound?

A) Pentanol
B) Cyclopentane
C) Cyclohexane
D) Cyclopentene
E) 1,5-pentane

Question 24

How many isomers exist for the following benzene derivative, C₆H₄ClBr?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) none

Question 25

A saturated hydrocarbon is

A) a hydrocarbon that contains oxygen.
B) a compound in which all carbon atoms have four single bonds.
C) a compound in which one or more carbon atoms have double or triple bonds.
D) a hydrocarbon that is dissolved in water.
E) a cycloalkane with five or more carbons.

Question 26

How many structures (i.e., unique isomers) exist for tribromobenzene?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 27

What is the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of 4-methyl-1-pentene?

A) 2 C₅H₁₀(g) + 15 O₂(g) ? 10 CO₂(g) + 10 H₂O( $\ell$ )
B) 2 C₄H₁₀(g) + 13 O₂(g) ? 8 CO₂(g) + 10 H₂O( $\ell$ )
C) C₄H₈(g) + 6 O₂(g) ? 4 CO₂(g) + 4 H₂O( $\ell$ )
D) C₆H₁₂(g) + 9 O₂(g) ? 6 CO₂(g) + 6 H₂O( $\ell$ )
E) C₅H₁₂(g) + 13 O₂(g) ? 5 CO₂ (g) + 6 H₂O( $\ell$ )

Question 28

What is the name of the following compound?

A) 3,4-diethyl-5-methylheptane
B) 3,4,5-heptane
C) 3-ethyl-5-(2-butyl)hexane
D) 3-(2-butyl)-3-ethylhexane
E) 3,5,6-trimethylheptane

Question 29

What is the correct systematic name for the following alkene?

A) 2-ethyl-3-methyl-2-hexene
B) 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1-pentene
C) 4-ethyl-3-methyl-4-pentene
D) 3-methyl-4-ethyl-4-pentene
E) octene

Question 30

What is the product of the addition of HCl to ethylene?

A) chloroethane
B) chloroethylene
C) 1,2-dichloroethane
D) 1,1-dichloroethane
E) 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene

Question 31

What is the structure of 3,4-dimethylhexane?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 32

Identify the product of the hydrogenation of cis-2-hexene.

A) 2-hydroxyhexane
B) 2,3-dihydroxyhexane
C) trans-2-hexane
D) Hexyne
E) Hexane

Question 33

What is the name of the given molecule?

A) 1-hexyne
B) 2-ethynyl butane
C) 2-ethyl-3-butyne
D) 3-methyl-1-pentyne
E) 3-methyl-4-pentyne

Question 34

The addition of Br₂ is used as the reaction to distinguish between alkanes and alkenes. What is the observation that accompanies this test?

A) A bright red color is produced when Br₂ reacts with an alkene.
B) Bromine dissolves in alkanes but not in alkenes.
C) Bromine is a dark red liquid. When it adds to the double bond of an alkene to make the dibromide, it becomes colorless.
D) The red color of bromine disappears when it dissolves in alkanes.
E) Bromine reacts with alkanes to form a precipitate.

Question 35

Which of the following is the expected product from the reaction of 2,3-dimethyl-1-heptene with hydrogen gas?

A) 2,2-dimethylheptane
B) 2,3-dimethylheptane
C) 3,3-dimethylheptane
D) 2-methyloctane
E) 2,3-dimethyl-2-heptene

Question 36

How many isomers, both structural and geometric, have the molecular formula C₅H₁₂?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 37

Which of the following is the correct formula for 2-methyl-1-butene?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) none of these

Question 38

Which of the following is the product of the addition of excess F₂ to acetylene?

A) 1,2-difluoroethane
B) Ethylene
C) 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
D) Ethane
E) 1,1-difluoroethylene

Question 39

What is the name of the following compound?

A) trans-acetylene
B) cis-1,3-pentadiene
C) trans-2,4-pentadiene
D) cis-4-methyl-1,3-butadiene
E) cis-4-methyl-1,3-butene

Question 40

What is the major product upon addition of HBr to 1-hexene?

A) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CHBrCH₂Br
B) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CHBrCH₃
D) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Br
E) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CHBr=CH₂

Question 41

When a secondary alcohol is oxidized, the product is a(n) ____.

A) ketone
B) ether
C) ester
D) aldehyde
E) amide

Question 42

When an aldehyde is oxidized, the product is a(n) ____.

A) ester
B) ketone
C) ether
D) alcohol
E) carboxylic acid

Question 43

What is the name of the following benzene derivative?

A) 1-chlorobenzoic acid
B) 5-chloroanaline
C) 1-acetate-1-chlorobenzene
D) 5-chlorobenzoic acid
E) 1,3-chlorocarboxylic benzene

Question 44

CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH is ____.

A) isobutyl alcohol
B) butyl alcohol
C) propionic acid
D) butanoic acid
E) oxalic acid

Question 45

Which of the following types of compounds must have an sp²-hybridized carbon center?

A) esters
B) ethers
C) cycloynes
D) amines
E) alcohols

Question 46

Which of the following chemical equations depicts an alkylation reaction?

A) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + CH₃Cl( $\ell$ ) ? C₆H₅CH₃( $\ell$ ) + HCl(g)
B) 2 CH₃OH( $\ell$ ) + 3 O₂(g) ? 2 CO₂(g) + 4 H₂O( $\ell$ )
C) C₆H₁₂( $\ell$ ) ? C₆H₁₀( $\ell$ ) + H₂(g)
D) CH₂ClCH₂Cl(g) + H₂(g) ? CH₃CH₃(g) + Cl₂(g)
E) CHClCHCl(g) ? CH₂ClCH₂Cl(g)

Question 47

What is the name of the given benzene derivative?

A) Dibenzene
B) 1,2-dibenzene
C) Toluene
D) Naphthalene
E) Aniline

Question 48

Which set of functional groups are present in the molecule shown below? pseudoephedrine

A) aromatic, alcohol, and amine
B) alkene, amide, and carboxylic acid
C) aromatic alcohol and amide
D) alkene, alcohol, and carboxylic acid
E) alkene, amine, and carboxylic acid

Question 49

Which one of the following functional groups is a base?

A) aldehyde
B) alcohol
C) carboxylic acid
D) ether
E) amine

Question 50

How many structural isomers possessing the alcohol functional group have the molecular formula C₃H₈O?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 51

Formulas for derivatives of hydrocarbons may be written as R−X, where R is a hydrocarbon lacking a hydrogen atom and X is a functional group. Which of the following formulas represents an ether?

A) ROH
B) ROR'
C) RCOR'
D) RCO₂R'
E) RCHO

Question 52

Which functional group does not contain a double bond to an oxygen atom?

A) ester
B) aldehyde
C) ether
D) amide
E) ketone

Question 53

Formulas for derivatives of hydrocarbons may be written as R−X, where R is a hydrocarbon lacking a hydrogen atom and X is a functional group. Which of the following formulas represents a secondary amine?

A) RNH₂
B) RCONH₂
C) R₂NH
D) RCO₂R'
E) R₃N

Question 54

Which of the following reactions is a substitution reaction?

A) C₆H₆ + Cl₂ → C₆H₅Cl + HCl
B) CH₂=CH₂ + Cl₂ → CH₂ClCH₂Cl
C) CH₂=CH₂ + HCl → CH₃CH₂Cl
D) CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → CH₃CH₃
E) HC
CH + 2Cl₂ → CHCl₂CHCl₂

Question 55

Which of the structures below has the common name p-dichlorobenzene (where p- is para)?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 56

Which of the following alcohols is least likely to be soluble in water?

A) 3-pentanol
B) 2-butanol
C) 1,2-ethanediol
D) 1,2,3-propanetriol
E) Methanol

Question 57

Which of the following functional groups does not contain an oxygen atom?

A) Ester
B) Ether
C) Aldehyde
D) Amide
E) Amine

Question 58

The functional group RCONR' is characteristic of a(n) ____.

A) ether
B) ester
C) amide
D) aldehyde
E) ketone

Question 59

Putrescine and cadaverine are two compounds associated with decaying flesh or bad breath. These compounds belong to a class of molecules called ____.

A) ethers
B) amines
C) ketones
D) esters
E) carboxylic acids

Question 60

Which of the following chemical equations depicts a halogenation reaction with benzene?

A) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + 3 Br₂(g) ? 3 C₂H₂Br₂(g)
B) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + Cl₂(g)? C₆H₅Cl( $\ell$ ) + HCl(g)
C) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + CH₃I(g) ?C₆H₅CH₃( $\ell$ ) + HI(g)
D) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + Cl₂(g) ? C₆H₄Cl₂( $\ell$ ) + H₂(g)
E) C₆H₆( $\ell$ ) + 3 Br₂(g) ? 6 C₆H₆Br₆(g)

Question 61

Which of the following is not an addition polymer?

A) polyvinyl chloride
B) nylon
C) teflon
D) styrofoam
E) polypropylene

Question 62

Which of the following compounds might be used to reduce a carboxylic acid to an aldehyde?

A) H⁺
B) Cl₂
C) K₂Cr₂O₇
D) KMnO₄
E) NaBH₄

Question 63

The reaction of 1-propanol with K₂Cr₂O₇ in acidic solution to produce propanal is what kind of reaction?

A) polymerization
B) combustion
C) oxidation
D) reduction
E) double displacement

Question 64

Polyvinyl chloride is used in raincoats and pipes. It is produced by the addition reaction of chloroethylene, CH₂CHCl. What is the structure of the polymer produced in this reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 65

Low density polyethylene (LDPE) is most likely to be used in

A) sandwich bags.
B) bottle caps.
C) rigid pipes.
D) contact lenses.
E) fabrics and apparel.

Question 66

The process by which long chain hydrocarbons in petroleum are shortened is called ________.

Question 67

What is the name of the product of the reaction that occurs when a mixture of methanol and propionic acid is heated in the presence of acid?

A) methyl propylether
B) 2-propanone
C) propyl methanoate
D) 2-methylpropanal
E) methyl propanoate

Question 68

What is the classification of the molecule below?

A) polymer
B) fatty acid
C) saccharide
D) carbohydrate
E) triglyceride

Question 69

A mixture of ethanol and benzoic acid is heated in the presence of an acid. Which of the following is the primary product of this reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 70

The N atom in an amide has _____ and bond angles of about _____.

A) sp hybridization; 180°
B) sp² hybridization; 109°
C) sp² hybridization; 120°
D) sp³ hybridization; 109°
E) sp³ hybridization; 120°

Question 71

Amino acids polymerize in condensation reactions that result in the formation of an amide linkage (or peptide bond) between amino acid molecules. What dipeptide(s) may be formed in the reaction of glycine with phenylalanine?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 4 only
E) 1 and 4

Question 72

When sulfur is added to rubber and the mixture is heated, the resulting rubber is still elastic but much stronger. This process is called

A) addition polymerization
B) isomerization
C) oligomerization
D) vulcanization
E) halogenation

Question 73

Which of the following class of compounds is responsible for many of the distinctive odors of artificial flavors and perfumes?

A) Ethers
B) Aldehydes
C) Esters
D) Amides
E) Alkenes

Question 74

Which of the following is the monomer of Teflon?

A) CH₂CH₂
B) CF₂CF₂
C) CH₂C(CN)₂
D) CH₂CHCN
E) CH₂CHCH₃

Question 75

What are the products of a condensation reaction between a primary amine and a carboxylic acid?

A) water and an amide
B) water and an ester
C) ammonia and an amide
D) ammonia and an ester
E) an ammonium cation and a carboxylate anion

Question 76

An aldehyde may be produced by the oxidation of a(n) _____.

A) alkane
B) alkene
C) primary alcohol
D) seconday alcohol
E) ether

Question 77

Which of the following compounds might be used to oxidize an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid?

A) H₂
B) Na
C) LiAlH₄
D) KMnO₄
E) NaBH₄

Question 78

Reduction of a ketone produces a(n) _____.

A) alkane
B) amide
C) amine
D) secondary alcohol
E) primary alcohol

Question 79

The hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of NaOH produces

A) a carboxylate salt of sodium and an alcohol.
B) an ether and an amide.
C) an alcohol and an amine.
D) an aldehyde and an ether.
E) an ether and a carboxylate salt of sodium.

Question 80

What is the product of the reduction of butanone?

A) 1-butene
B) 2-butanol
C) cis-2-butene
D) acetone
E) butanoic acid