Deck 12: Meiosis and Alternation of Generation

Question 1

In meiosis

A) spindles are formed during the second division of the process only.
B) an interphase cell with 8 chromosomes ends up as 4 cells, each with 8 chromosomes.
C) a whole chromosome from each pair migrates toward a pole in metaphase II.
D) the chromosomes become shorter and thicker in prophase I.
E) the chromosome number remains the same.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Two chromosomes that are morphologically similar, but potentially carry different versions of each gene are referred to as ________.

A) chromatids
B) centromeres
C) homologues
D) spindle fiber elements
E) gene pairs

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In meiosis, a doubling of the amount of DNA in each chromosome occurs in

A) interphase.
B) prophase I.
C) prophase II.
D) telophase I.
E) telophase II.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes separate at their centromeres, with chromatids migrating to opposite poles?

A) prophase I
B) prophase II
C) anaphase I
D) anaphase II
E) telophase II

Question 5

In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosome pairs separate?

A) prophase II
B) telophase I
C) anaphase I
D) anaphase II
E) metaphase II

Question 6

In meiosis

A) the four (4) cells produced are identical to one another in all respects
B) cells produced by meiosis always function as gametes.
C) the process doubles the chromosome number of the plant.
D) only the first division resembles mitosis.
E) the process allows for a contribution of genes from both parents.

Question 7

Chiasmata appear in

A) prophase I.
B) prophase II.
C) metaphase I.
D) metaphase II.
E) anaphase I.

Question 8

At the end of Meiosis I, the total number of chromosomes in each daughter cell is ________.

A) the same as the mother cell
B) doubled (2x the mother cell)
C) four times the number of the mother cell
D) reduced by ½ from the number of the mother cell
E) None of these

Question 9

In which phase of meiosis does crossing-over occur?

A) prophase I
B) prophase II
C) metaphase I
D) metaphase II
E) anaphase II

Question 10

One difference between meiosis and mitosis is that in meiosis

A) the chromosomal number is increased.
B) two cells are produced.
C) homologous chromosomes pair.
D) there are three sequential nuclear divisions.
E) six identical cells result.

Question 11

Exchange of corresponding segments of chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs in a process called

A) homologous pairing.
B) cytokinesis.
C) crossing-over.
D) centromere division.
E) backcrossing.

Question 12

Which of the following statements pertaining to sexual reproduction is true?

A) The first cell of a sporophyte generation is normally a gamete.
B) The change from a gametophyte generation to a sporophyte generation occurs immediately after meiosis.
C) The offspring are nearly always identical with the parents.
D) The first cell of a gametophyte generation is normally a spore.
E) Asexual cells fuse in pairs.

Question 13

In meiosis, centromeres divide separating chromatids at the beginning of

A) metaphase I.
B) telophase II.
C) prophase II.
D) anaphase II.
E) telophase I.

Question 14

In meiosis, a spindle first becomes conspicuous and complete in

A) prophase I.
B) anaphase I.
C) metaphase I.
D) telophase I.
E) prophase II.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about mitosis is NOT true?

A) Mitosis can result in the production of cells for sexual reproduction.
B) Mitosis can produce gametes.
C) Mitosis can result in asexual reproduction.
D) Mitosis can only lead to growth and development of the individual.
E) Mitosis can produce genetic mutations.

Question 16

In which of the division II (equational division) phases of meiosis may two spindles become fully developed at right angles to the ones that had been formed during division I?

A) prophase II
B) metaphase II
C) anaphase II
D) telophase II
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 17

In flowering plants, sexual reproduction leads to the production of ________, the offspring for the next generation.

A) genetically identical plants
B) seed
C) flowers
D) bulbs and corms
E) new shoots

Question 18

Chromatids are once more called chromosomes in

A) interphase.
B) telophase II.
C) telophase I.
D) anaphase I.
E) metaphase II.

Question 19

Spindle fibers begin to form and nucleoli disappear by the end of

A) prophase I.
B) metaphase I.
C) anaphase I.
D) telophase I.
E) metaphase II.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a part of sexual reproduction?

A) zygote
B) meiosis
C) mitosis
D) vegetative spores
E) fusion of egg and sperm

Question 21

The spindle (spindle fibers)

A) function during mitosis to pull sister chromatids to opposite poles.
B) is composed of microtubules.
C) functions during meiosis I to pull the members of homologous pairs to opposite poles.
D) functions during meiosis II to pull the sister chromatids to opposite poles.
E) Consists of microtubules and functions in all of the ways listed in the other answer choices.

Question 22

Syngamy and fertilization are alternate terms for the same thing.

Question 23

Polyploid plants have ________ sets of chromosomes.

A) ½
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3 or more
E) variable

Question 24

A plant that reproduces sexually cannot also reproduce asexually.

Question 25

New cell walls are formed between the four groups of chromosomes during anaphase I.

Question 26

Spore mother cells give rise to gametes through meiosis.

Question 27

The sex organs in which gametes are produced are formed on gametophytes.

Question 28

Chiasmata occur during anaphase I.

Question 29

The haploid number of chromosomes of a plant is 20. The number of chromosomes in root, stem, and leaf cells would be

A) 10.
B) 20.
C) 30.
D) 40.
E) 60.

Question 30

The cells of a sporophyte are diploid.

Question 31

In the life cycle of sexually reproducing plants, the diploid body is commonly referred to as the

A) gametophyte.
B) egg or sperm.
C) meiocyte.
D) syngamy.
E) sporophyte.

Question 32

The change from a ________ occurs as a result of meiosis.

A) zygote to a sporophyte
B) gametophyte to a sporophyte
C) sporophyte to gametophyte
D) gametophyte to gamete
E) gamete to zygote

Question 33

Sporophytes produce ________ by the process of meiosis.

A) gametes
B) spores
C) vegetative cells
D) egg cells only
E) sperm cells

Question 34

The nuclear envelope disintegrates by the end of prophase I.

Question 35

Which of the following pairs of cells do NOT have identical chromosome numbers in a given species of plant?

A) egg and sperm
B) spore mother cell and zygote
C) spore and gamete
D) sperm and spore
E) spore and zygote

Question 36

Chromosomes line up along equators in both metaphase I and metaphase II.

Question 37

________ is common to all organisms that reproduce sexually.

A) Meiosis
B) Formation of haploid spores
C) Formation of haploid gametes directly from meiosis
D) Formation of a gametophyte generation
E) All of these are common to all sexually reproducing organisms.

Question 38

Diploid organisms have how many sets of chromosomes?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 39

Haploid cells have how many sets of chromosomes?

A) ½
B) 1
C) 2
D) more than 3
E) variable

Question 40

Crossing over during meiosis causes greater reshuffling of genes than just meiosis without crossing over.

Question 41

Any cell of a gametophyte generation is diploid.

Question 42

Both meiosis and fertilization contribute to the genetic variability of the offspring.

Question 43

A homologous chromosome pair has a total of two chromatids.

Question 44

A chiasma is not produced during mitosis.

Question 45

Multicellular forms are found in both phases of an alternation of generation life cycle.

Question 46

Fertilization involves fusion of spores.