Deck 22: The Integumentary System

Question 1

The most common skin cancer is ____.

A) basal cell carcinoma
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) melanoma
D) eczema
E) scabies

Answer 1

basal cell carcinoma

Question 2

Which of the following begins in the flat cells of the epidermis?

A) Basal cell carcinoma
B) Alopecia
C) Melanoma
D) Squamous cell carcinoma
E) Pediculosis

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

Melanin, which helps protect underlying layers of skin from UV radiation, is deposited throughout the ____.

A) dermis
B) epidermis
C) subcutaneous layer
D) hypodermis
E) arrector pili

Answer 3

epidermis

Question 4

When the supply of oxygen in the blood is low, what color would the skin appear?

A) Pink
B) Rosy
C) Yellow
D) Bluish
E) Amber

Question 5

Julio called this morning and asked to be seen today if possible. You fit him into the schedule and he arrives at your office with a red face that looks painful. He states that the gas stove flashed in his face when he was lighting it. You note that facial hair has been burned, but there are no blisters. Your best first response is to ____.

A) call 911 because burns to the head are always serious
B) apply ointment to the burns on his face
C) check his vital signs and put ice on the burned area
D) get him to drink some cool water to prevent shock
E) cover the burn to keep out bacteria

Question 6

When the skin is injured, inflammation follows. One effect of this response is that it ____.

A) prevents hemorrhage
B) decreases swelling
C) decreases blood supply to the area
D) decreases nutrients to the area
E) carries defensive cells to the area

Question 7

The skin plays a role in regulating body temperature by ____.

A) dilating or constricting blood vessels in the skin
B) stimulating the hypothalamus
C) eliminating wastes
D) retaining fluids
E) producing vitamin D

Question 8

In which layer of skin are keratinocyte cells located?

A) arrector pili
B) epidermis
C) dermis
D) subcutaneous layer
E) hypodermis

Question 9

You are working at a walk-in urgent care center. Kenneth is an auto mechanic and was brought in by a co-worker after his arm accidentally came in contact with the hot motor of a car he was working on. His long-sleeved shirt appears to be sticking to a burned area that extends from the upper arm to the mid-forearm. Your best response is to ____.

A) remove the shirt from the burned area
B) cool the burn with large amounts of water
C) contact emergency personnel
D) check the airways for swelling
E) apply a soothing lotion to the burned area

Question 10

Which of these structures or substances in the skin helps prevent UV radiation from damaging deep structures of the skin?

A) Sebaceous glands
B) Melanin
C) Keratinocytes
D) Keratin
E) Collagen fibers

Question 11

The most aggressive skin cancer is ____.

A) basal cell carcinoma
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) melanoma
D) eczema
E) scabies

Question 12

A person with a rich supply of oxygenated blood will have what hue of skin color?

A) Pink
B) Cyanotic
C) Yellow
D) Bluish
E) Amber

Question 13

Which of the following is mostly adipose tissue?

A) Epidermis
B) Dermis
C) Hypodermis
D) Stratum basale
E) Stratum germinativum

Question 14

Which skin layer contains all of the major tissue types, including epithelial tissue, connective tissues, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue?

A) Arrector pili
B) Epidermis
C) Dermis
D) Subcutaneous
E) Hypodermis

Question 15

Which of the following conditions may require chemotherapy?

A) Basal cell carcinoma
B) Alopecia
C) Melanoma
D) Squamous cell carcinoma
E) Pediculosis

Question 16

Keratin is a durable protein that makes which skin layer waterproof and resistant to bacteria and viruses?

A) Arrector pili
B) Epidermis
C) Dermis
D) Subcutaneous
E) Hypodermis

Question 17

Signs and symptoms listed in the ABCDE rule would apply to which condition?

A) Melanoma
B) Basal cell carcinoma
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Alopecia
E) Herpes zoster

Question 18

Sweat glands are found in the ____.

A) arrector pili
B) epidermis
C) dermis
D) subcutaneous
E) hypodermis

Question 19

The extent of a burn injury is estimated by ____.

A) calculating body mass
B) calculating weight, height, and age
C) using the rule of nines
D) identifying the substance that caused the burn
E) classifying the thickness of the burn injury

Question 20

A ____ often begins with a mole.

A) verruca
B) basal cell carcinoma
C) squamous cell carcinoma
D) melanoma
E) wart

Question 21

The causes of eczema are ____.

A) inherited
B) viral
C) hormonal
D) bacterial
E) mostly unknown

Question 22

Pediculosis, which comes in three forms, is caused by which of the following?

A) A virus
B) Bacteria
C) A fungus
D) A worm
E) Lice

Question 23

Apocrine sweat glands are not associated with which of the following?

A) Produce sweat with a high amount of protein
B) Activated primarily by heat
C) Produce thicker sweat than eccrine glands
D) Most numerous in arm pits and groin
E) Become active during puberty

Question 24

Rosacea results from dilation of small facial blood vessels; the cause of this dilation is ____.

A) a virus
B) bacteria
C) a fungus
D) a worm
E) unknown

Question 25

Which type of burn involves all layers of the skin and often the muscles and bones?

A) Superficial
B) Second-degree
C) Full-thickness
D) Partial-thickness
E) First-degree

Question 26

Which skin condition has characteristics of itchy, silvery, scaly lesions?

A) Folliculitis
B) Psoriasis
C) Scabies
D) Pediculosis
E) Eczema

Question 27

Which of the following are mites that burrow beneath the skin?

A) Folliculitis
B) Psoriasis
C) Eczema
D) Scabies
E) Dermatitis

Question 28

Which characteristic is associated with apocrine sweat glands?

A) Most numerous
B) Produces watery sweat
C) Produces sweat with a high amount of protein
D) Causes loss of body heat
E) Concentrated on the forehead, neck, and back

Question 29

Which of these skin problems requires treating the whole family?

A) Folliculitis
B) Psoriasis
C) Scabies
D) Dermatitis
E) Eczema

Question 30

Which of the following is associated with eccrine sweat glands?

A) Produce watery sweat
B) Produce sweat with a high amount of protein
C) Activated by nervousness or stress
D) Most numerous in armpits and groin
E) Become active during puberty

Question 31

Which of these skin problems is an inherited autoimmune disorder?

A) Folliculitis
B) Psoriasis
C) Scabies
D) Dermatitis
E) Pediculosis

Question 32

Cellulitis is an inflammation of connective tissues in skin caused by ____.

A) a virus
B) bacteria
C) a fungus
D) a worm
E) lice

Question 33

Which letter indicates the dermis?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 34

A burn that causes only pain, swelling, and redness is a ____.

A) first-degree burn
B) second-degree burn
C) third-degree burn
D) partial-thickness burn
E) full-thickness burn

Question 35

Barry has come to the medical office today because he has a small sore on the back of his left forearm that appeared three months ago and has not gone away. The sore is smooth and red and has a slight waxy sheen. Given the appearance of this sore, which of the following skin disorders would the practitioner test for?

A) Dermatitis
B) Eczema
C) Psoriasis
D) Basal cell carcinoma
E) Herpes simplex

Question 36

Which type of burn involves the epidermis and dermis but does not affect muscles or bones.

A) First-degree
B) Second-degree
C) Third-degree
D) Full-thickness
E) Superficial

Question 37

Which of the following diseases or disorders has five stages?

A) Eczema
B) Pediculosis
C) Herpes zoster
D) Melanoma
E) Folliculitis

Question 38

Which of the following is not associated with eccrine sweat glands?

A) Most numerous
B) Produce watery sweat
C) Cause loss of body heat
D) Most numerous in armpits and groin
E) Activated primarily by heat

Question 39

Which of these skin problems can be caused by excessive rubbing of the skin?

A) Folliculitis
B) Psoriasis
C) Scabies
D) Dermatitis
E) Pediculosis

Question 40

Which of the following causes herpes simplex?

A) A virus
B) Bacteria
C) Lice
D) Hormones
E) Unknown causes

Question 41

The ________ glands produce a thicker type of sweat that contains more proteins and are mostly concentrated in areas of skin with coarse hair.

Question 42

Herpes ________ types 1 and 2 are both caused by a virus. Type 1 causes cold sores, is very contagious, and is spread through saliva. Type 2, known as genital herpes, is sexually transmitted.

Question 43

Most of the time, ________ is inherited and results in hair loss. Other common causes include hormonal changes, chemotherapy, stress, burns, and fungal infections of the skin.

Question 44

Unless they are extensive, burns like the one shown in the figure by letter ________ do not require medical attention and usually heal well.

Question 45

"Swimmer's rash," or ________, is an inflammation of hair follicles resulting from shaving or excess rubbing of skin areas or from bacteria and fungi that develop from prolonged wearing of wet swimwear or undertreated hot tubs.

Question 46

A third-degree burn is shown at letter ________ in the figure.

Question 47

________ is a general term defined as inflammation of the skin or a rash that can have many causes. It is a sign of many types of skin disorder.

Question 48

An inflammation of connective tissues in skin that primarily occurs on the face and legs and is caused by staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteria is _______.

Question 49

One type of chronic dermatitis that has acute phases is _______. Its causes are mostly unknown, but it is thought to be a type of allergy or the result of an underlying inflammatory condition.

Question 50

In a third-degree burn (letter ________), the skin often looks black or charred, which is known as eschar.

Question 51

A partial-thickness burn involves the epidermis and dermis. This is shown at letter ________ in the figure.

Question 52

When the supply of oxygen in the blood is low, the skin looks bluish, which is called ________.

Question 53

After a person has chickenpox, the virus becomes dormant in the spine's dorsal nerve root, but it can become active again later in life to cause shingles, also known as herpes ________.

Question 54

The ________ is the most superficial layer of skin and is made up of many layers of tightly packed cells.

Question 55

A first-degree burn is shown at letter ________ in the figure.

Question 56

A hair ________ is a tube-like structure in the dermis of skin made of epithelial tissue.

Question 57

In shingles, a painful blistering rash occurs along the ________, the skin area along the pathway of the affected nerve root.

Question 58

The ________ muscles are attached to hair follicles and cause goose bumps.

Question 59

The ________ layer of the skin is deep to the epidermis and contains all the major tissue types.

Question 60

Joanne is in the office today because of a rash that is occurring down one side of her back and thigh. She is obviously in great pain and the rash is beginning to blister in places. Which of the following questions would help the provider make a diagnosis in this case?

A) "How many people live in your home?"
B) "Have you noticed any similar symptoms in other family members?"
C) "Did you have chickenpox when you were a child?"
D) "Have you had any sexual contact in the last 6 months?"
E) "How long has it been since you had a tetanus shot?"

Question 61

The stratum ________ is the deepest layer of the epidermis. The cells in this layer are constantly dividing and push older cells up toward the stratum corneum.

Question 62

Most likely an inherited autoimmune disorder, ________ causes recurring episodes of itching and redness with outbreaks of distinctive silvery, scaly skin lesions.

Question 63

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the stratum______. Most of the cells in this layer are dead and very flat and form an impermeable layer for skin.

Question 64

In ________, the skin develops oozing lesions that eventually crust over with a distinctive honey-colored crust. It is highly contagious for those who come in contact with the lesions or the exudates from them.

Question 65

The ________ glands produce an oily substance called sebum that is secreted onto hairs to keep them soft and pliable and also to prevent bacteria from growing on the skin.

Question 66

The durable protein that makes the epidermis waterproof and resistant to bacteria and viruses is ________.

Question 67

The ________ layer of skin is largely made of adipose and loose connective tissue and contains blood vessels and nerves.

Question 68

An oily substance called ________ is secreted onto hairs to keep them soft and pliable and is eventually deposited onto skin to keep it soft as well.

Question 69

The skin condition called ________ is caused by parasitic lice and is associated with overcrowded conditions and often with poor hygiene.

Question 70

The most common cell type in the epidermis is the ________.

Question 71

Ringworm that occurs on the scalp is ________ capitis.

Question 72

The white half-moon-shaped area at the base of a nail is called a(n) ________ and contains very active keratinocytes.

Question 73

Another name for the subcutaneous layer of skin is ________.

Question 74

The A of the ABCDE rule used in evaluating melanoma is for ________. The mole should look equal in size from side to side.

Question 75

All people have about the same number of ________, regardless of skin color. What varies from person to person is how active the cells are in producing melanin.

Question 76

Because ________, which is caused by the itch mite, is highly contagious, it is wise to treat an entire family if one member is infected.

Question 77

The pigment called ________ traps ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and prevents the radiation from harming structures in the underlying layers of skin.

Question 78

Most ________ (sweat) glands are located in the dermis of skin and are of two types: eccrine and apocrine.

Question 79

The skin disorder that commonly appears as facial redness, predominantly over the cheeks and nose, is ________ and results from dilation of small facial blood vessels.

Question 80

The nail ________ holds the nail down to underlying skin and provides nutrients to the nail from the blood supply under it.