Deck 3: Information Technology in Public Health

Question 1

Computers can create what-if scenarios or ________ of what would happen to an infectious disease if something else happened (e.g., if air travel increased/decreased or the temperature rose or fell; if there was an adequate supply of antiviral drugs, if a vaccine existed or did not exist).

A) let us pretend
B) spreadsheets
C) simulations
D) None of the above

Answer 1

simulations

Question 2

________ uses "health-related data that precede diagnosis and signal a sufficient probability of a case or an outbreak."

A) Counting
B) Syndromic surveillance
C) Computer surveillance
D) None of the above

Answer 2

Syndromic surveillance

Question 3

________ models are the programs that create the simulations.

A) What-if
B) Computational
C) Computer
D) Disease

Answer 3

Computational

Question 4

On March 11, 2011, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake hit Japan, followed by a ________ with 30-foot waves.

Question 5

________ is a microbiology information system developed at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Massachusetts.

A) WHONET
B) WHATNOT
C) WHOBIO
D) None of the above

Question 6

________ supports public health practice and research with information technology.

A) Medical informatics
B) Health care informatics
C) Public health informatics
D) None of the above

Question 7

A/An ________ is "an excess in the number of cases of a given health problem. . . ."

A) pandemic
B) epidemic
C) small outbreak
D) outbreak

Question 8

________ refers to "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems."

A) Pandemic
B) Epidemic
C) Epidemiology
D) None of the above

Question 9

A program called ________ is used to model flu.

A) Socrates
B) MIDAS
C) AESOP
D) None of the above

Question 10

Some of the effects of global warming (climate change) are ________.

A) more intense storms and heat waves
B) there are no effects
C) drought in the developing world
D) Both A and C

Question 11

Public health is affected by social factors such as poverty and social ________.

A) inequality
B) style
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above

Question 12

One concrete step to slow global warming (climate change) is cutting emissions of ________.

A) NaCl
B) H₂O
C) CO₂
D) None of the above

Question 13

________ is already having a devastating effect on the earth and is affecting agricultural production in some places.

Question 14

Hurricane ________ flooded New Orleans both because it was a "monster hurricane" and because the levees failed.

Question 15

Statistics and mapping of a disease progression were used to contain an epidemic for the first time in the ________ century.

A) 17th
B) 18th
C) 19th
D) None of the above

Question 16

Information technology can help infection control practitioners in the task of ________.

A) surveillance
B) outbreak monitoring
C) reporting
D) All of the above

Question 17

________ is a microbiology information system developed at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Massachusetts. It is used to monitor antibacterial resistance.

Question 18

In the early twentieth century, epidemic ________ struck in New York for the first time.

Question 19

________ are organized "system[s] for the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, and dissemination of information" on people with a disease, a predisposition toward a disease, and an exposure to anything thought to cause ill health.

A) Registries
B) Offices
C) Bureaus
D) None of the above

Question 20

A/An ________ is a global outbreak of disease to which every individual in the world is susceptible.

A) epidemic
B) pandemic
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above

Question 21

________ first appeared in the 1930s. It is a form of encephalitis or brain inflammation.

Question 22

________ (a deadly bacterium resistant to antibiotics) can cause pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in wounds and surgical sites. It appears in hospitals and other health care settings. (Use the abbreviation in your answer)

Question 23

________ informatics integrates "health-related data on all levels, such as molecule, cell, tissue, organ, people and the entire population."

Question 24

________ surveillance can be used, for example, in shelters where there are no medical personnel; people can look out for signs and symptoms (for instance diarrhea) and report them.

Question 25

________ attacks the immune system, leading to susceptibility to opportunistic infection.

Question 26

________ is a staph infection resistant to many antibiotics. It appeared in Europe in the 1960s, which coincides with the first widespread use of antibiotics. A recent study "confirm[s] that the evolution of resistant strains and their spread are primarily driven by antibiotic use." (Use the abbreviation in your answer)

Question 27

WHO stands for ________.

Question 28

Bacterial resistance happens even without antibiotics, but the use and abuse of these drugs exacerbates the resistance and leads to the development of ________.

Question 29

The ________ (part of the Public Health Information Network) will promote "integrated surveillance systems that can transfer . . . public health, laboratory and clinical data . . . over the Internet." This would be a national electronic surveillance system.

Question 30

On April 20, 2010, an explosion in the Gulf of Mexico killed 11 human beings. Among the first effects was the spill of tens of thousands of barrels of ________ a day into the Gulf effectively polluting the water, damaging the shoreline, and killing wildlife.