Deck 8: Police Ethics And Police Deviance

Question 1

Police civil liability means that a police officer may be sued under civil law concepts such as negligence and torts.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of the ethical standards established to determine how police officers should act?

A) organizational value systems or codes of ethics designed to educate and guide the behavior of those who work in the organization
B) the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
C) an oath of office
D) all of these choices

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The police subculture often works against the ethical precepts of police departments.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Police officers are allowed to use the level of force necessary to counter a suspect's resistance and get the suspect to comply with a lawful order.

Question 5

The number of Department of Justice investigations into civil rights issues in police and sheriffs' departments has dramatically declined in recent years.

Question 6

Officers known as "meat-eaters" take small bribes or relatively minor services offered by citizens seeking to avoid arrest or to get special police services.

Question 7

The Lautenberg Act prohibits anyone convicted of a misdemeanor domestic violence offense from owning or using a firearm.

Question 8

Polls asking respondents to rate the honesty and ethical standards of various occupations usually show that police receive a very negative rating.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of the standards governing police ethics?

A) U.S.Constitution
B) Bill of Rights
C) Case law as determined by appellate courts and the U.S.Supreme Court
D) All of these choices

Question 10

____________________ is an administrative action coordinated through the state police standards organization that will determine if cause exists to strip an officer of his or her state certification to be a police officer.

A) Certification suspension
B) Interstate certification
C) Background certification
D) Decertification

Question 11

Excessive force is a common reason for suing police officers.

Question 12

Today,many major cities have some type of citizen oversight to assist in the investigation of alleged police misconduct.

Question 13

Noble cause corruption is also known as:

A) Dirty Harry syndrome.
B) blue line crossing.
C) blue corruption.
D) meat-eating.

Question 14

Police officers who are assigned to internal affairs divisions are highly respected by other police officers in a department.

Question 15

Federal law enforcement agents rarely succumb to the temptation of corruption or misconduct.

Question 16

Federal suits against police officers are known as 1983 suits,because they are based on Section 1983 of Title 42 of the U.S.Code (Civil Action for Deprivation of Civil Rights).

Question 17

Police administrators will tell you that honesty is the most crucial trait in a police applicant and police officer.

Question 18

The Knapp Commission's investigation failed to recognize police corruption in New York City.

Question 19

The Greek philosopher who wrote the classic Nicomachean Ethics was:

A) Aristotle.
B) Plato.
C) Socrates.
D) Onassis.

Question 20

Herman Goldstein has defined police corruption as "acts involving the misuse of authority by a police officer in a manner designed to produce personal gain for himself or others."

Question 21

The New York City plainclothes officer whose revelations about police corruption led to the legendary Knapp Commission was:

A) Philip Mass.
B) Patrick V.Murphy.
C) Ernest Verdeschi.
D) Frank Serpico.

Question 22

Which of the following has been proposed as a solution to police brutality?

A) improved training
B) better screening of applicants
C) citizen review
D) all of these choices

Question 23

Many departments today rely on units described as "professional standards" units,"compliance" units,or "integrity" units as a major resource to combat corruption.These are other names for:

A) programs created to increase the number of superior officers in departments.
B) civilian complaint review boards.
C) internal affairs divisions.
D) units created to provide greater liaison with district attorney offices.

Question 24

What is the most prevalent type of corruption in law enforcement today?

A) "rotten apples"
B) biased-based policing
C) police deception
D) noble cause corruption

Question 25

Jerome Skolnick wrote that police deception usually occurs at three stages of the police detection process.Which of the following is not one of those stages?

A) investigation
B) arrest
C) interrogation
D) testimony in court

Question 26

Today,____________________ of the major U.S.cities have some form of citizen oversight in place.

A) a few
B) about half
C) none
D) most

Question 27

Section 1983 of Title 42 of the U.S.Code was originally enacted by Congress as a means of enforcing the ____________________ Amendment guarantee of rights to the newly freed slaves.

A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) Tenth
D) Fourteenth

Question 28

Police testimony that narcotics found on the ground were dropped by persons they arrested has been called:

A) dropsy testimony.
B) fallen testimony.
C) on-the-ground testimony.
D) all of these choices.

Question 29

Which of the following is not an argument in favor of citizen review?

A) It improves public trust and confidence in law enforcement.
B) A citizen review board can monitor and review departmental policies that lead to citizen complaints.
C) It will make police officers more aggressive in enforcing the law.
D) A citizen review board can provide an independent evaluation of citizen complaints.

Question 30

The 193l National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement was more popularly known as the:

A) Kerner Commission.
B) Volmer Commission.
C) Wickersham Commission.
D) Kefauver Commission.

Question 31

Police officers who violate a person's civil rights by unlawfully searching or detaining them can be sued under what law?

A) 42 U.S.C.Section 1983
B) Federal Interstate Compact
C) Civil Rights Act of 1965
D) Civil Rights Act of 1991

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of police corruption?

A) A police officer receives $15 from a driver for not giving him or her a summons for speeding.
B) A police officer receives sexual favors from a driver for not giving him or her a summons for speeding.
C) An off-duty police officer escorts a drug dealer as he or she delivers illegal drugs to customers and receives $100 per delivery.
D) all of these choices.

Question 33

What was the end result of the arrest of Henry Louis Gates,Jr.(a Harvard University scholar)by a Cambridge,Massachusetts,police sergeant?

A) The police sergeant was convicted of a civil rights violation.
B) Gates was convicted of burglary.
C) Both Gates and the police sergeant were convicted of state crimes.
D) The charges were dropped against Gates and a meeting took place between the sergeant,the president of the United States,and Gates.

Question 34

Which of the following is not an argument against citizen review?

A) When a system is formed hastily after a highly charged incident,it might not be the best one for the department.
B) It allows people who know nothing about police work to make decisions for the department.
C) It prevents lawbreakers from being punished for their crimes.
D) A citizen review board may cause unnecessary expense by duplicating the work of the internal affairs department.

Question 35

The first national commission to discuss police brutality was the:

A) Knapp Commission.
B) Wickersham Commission.
C) Presidential Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice.
D) National Commission on Causes and Prevention of Police Brutality.

Question 36

What name is used for the loyalty test given to rookie officers by the training,and other officers?

A) Mama Rosa's test
B) Miami test
C) B-Pad test
D) Junction Boy test

Question 37

When excessive force is used with the public and there is a significant disparity between the level of compliance by the person and the level of force used by the officer,the use of force is considered to be:

A) police misconduct.
B) police malfeasance.
C) police mistreatment.
D) police brutality.

Question 38

According to the Department of Justice,the most common disposition of the 26,000 complaints of excessive force against officers was:

A) the complaints were unfounded.
B) the officers were exonerated.
C) the complaints were sustained and the officers were disciplined.
D) the investigation turned up insufficient evidence to prove the allegation.

Question 39

Early warning systems typically use ____________________ to flag officers who may be prone to problems when interacting with the public.

A) first-line superiors
B) field training sergeants
C) computer programs
D) citizen review boards

Question 40

A tort is a:

A) felony case.
B) misdemeanor case.
C) criminal wrong.
D) private wrong.

Question 41

The most notable commission established to investigate allegations of police corruption was the __________ Commission in New York City in 1970.

Question 42

Police officers who participate in more passive types of police corruption are referred to as:

A) meat-eaters.
B) grass-eaters.
C) dirt-eaters.
D) bug-eaters.

Question 43

In a Gallup poll,when asked to rate the standards of various occupations,____________________ percent of respondents rated the police either very high or high in honesty and ethical standards.

A) 12
B) 42
C) 56
D) 91

Question 44

According to Rolando v.del Carmen a major source of police legal liability is all of the following except:​

A) ​moral liabilities.
B) ​civil liabilities.
C) ​criminal liabilities.
D) ​administrative liabilities.

Question 45

__________ is concerned with the study of what constitutes right and wrong behavior in certain situations.

Question 46

In the case of ____________________,the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that to be liable,police departments must be deliberately indifferent to the needs of the people with whom police come in contact.

A) Mapp v.Ohio
B) Terry v.Ohio
C) Lawrence v.Texas
D) Canton v.Harris

Question 47

Units within police departments that "police the police" are called __________.

Question 48

In the 1990s,the __________found some serious corruption among patrol officers in high-crime areas of New York City.

Question 49

___________________ theory holds that crime is basically "imitative"-we learn crime the same way that we learn other behavior.

A) Cultural deviance
B) Control
C) Differential association
D) Leftist realism

Question 50

The Knapp Commission was a(n)____________________ commission.

A) international
B) federal
C) state
D) local

Question 51

What stems from ends-oriented policing and involves police officers bending the rules to achieve the "right" goal of putting a criminal in jail?

A) "rotten apple" corruption
B) biased-based policing
C) police deception
D) noble cause corruption

Question 52

The code of silence is often referred to as the blue curtain or:

A) red curtain.
B) blue shop.
C) blue veil.
D) blue sky.

Question 53

__________ is defined as the study of what constitutes good or bad conduct.

Question 54

Officers who participate in more aggressive types of corruption by seeking out and taking advantage of opportunities for corruption are called:

A) meat-eaters.
B) grass-eaters.
C) dirt-eaters.
D) tree-eaters.

Question 55

The Knapp Commission was created:

A) because an incident in which police used excessive force was caught on tape.
B) in response to a series of articles in the New York Times detailing widespread corruption.
C) after a city councilperson's son was illegally detained and searched.
D) due to a political mandate by a newly elected governor.

Question 56

What commission was formed to investigate New York City police corruption in the 1990s?

A) Knapp Commission
B) Mollen Commission
C) Wickersham Commission
D) Watson Commission

Question 57

Investigations in which investigators provide opportunities for officers to commit illegal acts are called __________ or __________.

Question 58

Officers may be subject to federal liability under the following:​

A) ​U.S.Code Title 42 Section 1199.
B) ​U.S.Code Title 42 Section 1983.
C) ​U.S.Code Title 42 Section 2315.
D) ​U.S.Code Title 42 Section 1700.

Question 59

__________ is the process by which the actions of the police in such areas as arrests,search and seizure,and custodial interrogation are reviewed by the court system to ensure their constitutionality.

Question 60

Any police-initiated activity that relies on a person's race or ethnic background as a basis for suspicion in involvement in criminal activity is called:

A) noble cause policing.
B) situational stereotype policing.
C) biased-based policing.
D) dispositional policing.

Question 61

A 1996 federal law (18 U.S.C.925),widely referred to as the __________Act,prohibits anyone convicted of a misdemeanor domestic violence offense from owning or using a firearm.

Question 62

The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders is commonly referred to as the __________Commission.