Deck 28: Revolutions in Living, 1900-1950

Question 1

Which of the following were among Blaise Diagne's accomplishments?

A) He was the first African elected to the French National Assembly.
B) He helped recruit Africans into the French army in exchange for the promise of citizenship after the war.
C) He led a postwar movement to abolish forced labor in Africa.
D) He agitated for African participation in politics.
E) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

World War II was most important for African independence movements because

A) the German colonies were destroyed during the war.
B) many Africans served in Allied armies and returned with radical new ideas.
C) Africans listened closely to German propaganda.
D) Africans liberated their countries during the war.
E) colonialism was exposed as a corrupt practice.

Answer 2

many Africans served in Allied armies and returned with radical new ideas.

Question 3

Christianity was most successful in this part of Africa where the European presence was strongest?

A) The interior.
B) North and East Africa.
C) Coastal Africa.
D) West and South Africa.
E) sub-Saharan Africa.

Answer 3

West and South Africa.

Question 4

Among the many languages of India, the educated middle class communicated in

A) Urdu.
B) Tamil.
C) Hindi.
D) Sanskrit.
E) English.

Question 5

A notable example in the overthrow of colonialism in Africa was Haile Salassie's victory over

A) France.
B) Britain.
C) Belgium.
D) Italy.
E) Germany.

Question 6

Indian nationalists during World War I supported Britain enthusiastically and

A) wished to remain a colony forever.
B) rebelled against German institutions in India.
C) sent aid to help support Germany.
D) expected that India would be granted political concessions.
E) received independence immediately as a result.

Question 7

Gandhi rejected the popular ideas of political struggle for power through violence, and instead embraced "unusual" political ideas including nonviolence and

A) terrorist plans to bomb civilian locations.
B) democratic reforms through legislation and lobbying.
C) the search for the truth.
D) the vote for women.
E) guerilla tactics.

Question 8

Mohandas Gandhi was known to his followers as Mahatma, or

A) "the great soul."
B) "blessed one."
C) "fearless leader."
D) "the path to freedom."
E) "the leader."

Question 9

One of the major incidents that sparked an Indian nationalist movement was

A) Lord Curzon's unilateral decision to divide Bengal into two provinces.
B) the arrest of Gandhi.
C) British troops storming the Jamshedpur factories.
D) insistence by the British that Muslim regions learn English.
E) taxation of Hindu and Muslim houses of worship to support the British colonial administration.

Question 10

Who constituted the majority of the Indian Civil Service?

A) Western educated Hindus.
B) men from the English gentry.
C) an equal mix of Hindu and Muslim appointees.
D) Maharajahs.
E) none of these.

Question 11

The British in India took which attitude regarding industrialization there?

A) Encouragement of infrastructure projects, but discouraged productive industries such as cotton and steel.
B) actively encouraged Indian industrialization to promote self-government.
C) deliberately hindered development of technology to keep Indians subservient and dependent.
D) Altruistically limited growth to prevent social unrest.
E) none of these.

Question 12

Significant economic stressors on India in the early twentieth century included which of the following?

A) Drought
B) Deforestation
C) Land shortage for individual use
D) Urbanization and limited jobs
E) All of these

Question 13

To protest Hindu dominance of India, Indian Muslims formed a group called the

A) Knights Templar.
B) Young Turks.
C) Islamic National League.
D) International League of Peace and Freedom.
E) All-India Muslim League.

Question 14

Gandhi protested British violence and policies by being arrested and threatening to

A) fight.
B) fast.
C) leave India.
D) write newspaper ads.
E) None of these

Question 15

When the growth of technology threatened the British monopoly in India, Britain responded by limiting access to technology and training to "spare" the Indians the social upheavals Britain had experienced in the nineteenth century thereby

A) protecting British industry from Indian competition.
B) bringing educated Indians in as limited partners in trade.
C) signing a free-trade agreement with the rajas.
D) deposing obstreperous princes and putting in puppet rulers.
E) blocking the advancement of Indian entrepreneurs through the civil service exams.

Question 16

What impact did Europeans have on African health care?

A) European diseases decimated the African population.
B) European colonists neglected African health care in order to weaken the population.
C) Although they claimed to improve it, colonialism usually worsened health care.
D) African health care improved across the board due to European intervention.
E) European universities gave free scholarships to Africans wishing to study medicine.

Question 17

Significant internal conflict was found in India among which two groups?

A) Bengalis and Mughals
B) Hindus and Muslims
C) Calcuttese and Delhians
D) Shudra and Brahmin castes
E) Tamir and Pakastani

Question 18

Christian religions proved attractive in some parts of Africa because

A) they did not disrupt African culture.
B) Africans were willing to abandon Islam.
C) they established mission schools that taught skills and literacy.
D) they could be adapted to African needs.
E) missionaries gave fifty pounds sterling to new converts.

Question 19

What British action in 1911 had raised political consciousness in India?

A) Partitioning of Pakistan.
B) Transfer of the capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
C) Appointment of a Muslim prince to the position of Vice-Roy.
D) Granting the right to vote to Hindus but not Muslims.
E) British punishment of traditional honor killings.

Question 20

In 1912, the African National Congress was

A) founded by Western-educated lawyers and journalists.
B) dedicated to obtaining equal voting rights.
C) dedicated to civil rights of indigenous black inhabitants.
D) all of the above.
E) b and c only.

Question 21

Who projected the first motion picture in 1895?

A) Auguste and Louis Lemiere
B) Wilbur and Orville Wright
C) John and Sebastian Bach
D) Max and Maxine Planck
E) None of the above

Question 22

The British finally recognized Indian independence in 1947 with

A) a partitioning of the subcontinent into speakers of Urdu and Tamil.
B) a partitioning of India into Pakistan and India.
C) separation of Kashmir from Mongolia.
D) the British maintaining favored-nation status for cotton and tea exports.
E) Gandhi elected as president.

Question 23

The mass encampments of the poor in Brazil were called

A) barrios
B) shantytowns.
C) favelas
D) "proletariat plantations"
E) "Vargas-ville"

Question 24

In Argentina, Juan Perón was elected president in 1946 with the help of his

A) secret police force, the "grey shirts."
B) wife, Eva Perón.
C) charm and personality.
D) message of peace and equality.
E) None of these

Question 25

After staging his second coup in Brazil in 1938, Vargas firmly established

A) "demand side" economics.
B) "supply side" economics.
C) the "New State."
D) mercantilism.
E) None of these

Question 26

During the 1920s, the British in India

A) repressed any attempts at Indian nationalism.
B) made concessions only within the Indian Civil Service.
C) began to withdraw military support.
D) slowly and reluctantly gave Indians control over "national areas" such as education and the economy.
E) brought jazz and "bath tub" gin into popularity.

Question 27

The Depression of 1929

A) had far less impact on Argentina and Brazil than it had on Europe or the United States.
B) was not the turning point that the First and Second World Wars were.
C) caused Argentina and Brazil to veer toward authoritarian regimes.
D) impacted Argentina but had almost no effect on Brazil.
E) caused economic devastation that has still not been reversed.

Question 28

One of Gandhi's significant public relations gestures was

A) to give up his western attire.
B) to sit cross-legged on the floor with the "untouchables"
C) making a long walk to the beach to collect salt in protest of the British monopoly.
D) setting fire to British textile factories to promote traditional handcrafted spinning.
E) building an adobe wall through Bengal territory.

Question 29

Both Argentina and Brazil had

A) large, docile middle classes.
B) a small but outspoken middle class.
C) no middle class.
D) a classless society.
E) a feudal aristocracy.

Question 30

By 1900, in Asia and the Indian Ocean basin, which form of transportation was the equivalent of the streetcar of Europe and America?

A) rickshaw
B) motorcycle
C) canoe
D) horse
E) none of the above

Question 31

When Indians revolted against colonial authorities at the beginning of World War II, the British government

A) offered India its independence after the war.
B) used troops to repress the revolts.
C) closed the Indian National Congress.
D) arrested thousands of demonstrators.
E) All of these

Question 32

One reason for the impoverishment of the Mexican peasantry was

A) loss of land to the Mexican and American elites.
B) inability to afford railroad access.
C) lack of educational opportunities.
D) refusal to convert to Catholicism and be part of the network.
E) lack of raw materials for infrastructure.

Question 33

After the Great War, what transpired in the U.S. with the use of radios?

A) Amateurs used surplus radio equipment.
B) The first commercial radio station opened in Pittsburgh in 1920.
C) By 1924, over 600 radio stations were operating.
D) By 1930, 12 million families owned radios.
E) all of the above

Question 34

What event turned Pakistan and India into bitter enemies in the 20th century?

A) Expulsion of Hindus from Bengal
B) The annexation of Kashmir
C) the assassination of Gandhi
D) the formation of the All-India Muslim League
E) Pakistan sided with Japan during World War II

Question 35

In the 1920s, women's lives

A) hardly changed at all.
B) changed more than in any other period.
C) changed, but only for the better.
D) changed, but only in negative ways.
E) became shorter than any other time period.

Question 36

Which Indian leader supported full industrialization?

A) Mahatma Gandhi.
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
D) Indira Gandhi
E) Pramatha Nath Bose

Question 37

A major consequence of the industrialization of Brazil was

A) invasion by the United States.
B) overproduction of goods.
C) price inflation.
D) deforestation.
E) all of these.

Question 38

Argentina's government represented the interests of the oligarquia, which was

A) a brotherhood of unions.
B) a small group of wealthy landowners.
C) a large group of middle-class professionals.
D) the military high command.
E) the priesthood.

Question 39

Hindering Latin American development was the fact that Latin American countries

A) were economically dependent on the United States and Britain.
B) had achieved independence in the nineteenth century but had not industrialized.
C) were torn by class divisions of indigenous elites versus European-born people.
D) had significantly different evolutions.
E) All of these

Question 40

After World War I, radio communication in Latin America was controlled by a cartel of which country(ies)?

A) The U.S.
B) Britain
C) France
D) German
E) All of the above

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Margaret Sanger

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
All-India Muslim League

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Eva Duarte Perón

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Hipolito Irigoyen

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Juan Perón

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Mohandas K. (Mahatma) Gandhi

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Haile Selassie

Question 48

The new social sciences in the 1920s were unsettling because they

A) supported notions of Western superiority
B) seemed to reward bourgeois values
C) invariably led to communism
D) challenged Victorian morality
E) caused the Great Depression

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Bengal

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 52

Before the twentieth century, what was the only nation in which women had the right to vote?

A) Norway
B) U.S.
C) Austria
D) New Zealand
E) Germany

Question 53

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Getulio Vargas

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Lazaro Cardenas

Question 55

Which of the following transformed the landscape of western Europe and North America more than any other development?

A) the automobile
B) irrigation projects
C) the telegraph
D) street lights
E) new factories

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Auguste and Louis Lumiere

Question 57

Who was the famous French sociologist who said, "There are no religions that are false. All are true in their own fashion."

A) Charles Edouard Jenneret
B) Max Planck
C) Theodore Herzl
D) Amelia Erhart
E) Emile Durkheim

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Blaise Diagne

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
African National Congress

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Indian National Congress

Question 61

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Marie Curie

Question 62

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Wilbur and Orville Wright

Question 63

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Baron Pierre de Coubertin

Question 64

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Albert Einstein

Question 65

What were the circumstances prior to 1911 that triggered the Mexican Revolution?

Question 66

Describe the movement for independence in India prior to the rise of Mohandas Gandhi.

Question 67

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Le Corbusier

Question 68

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines

Question 69

Discuss the factors that led to the growth of movements for African independence.

Question 70

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Igor Stravinsky

Question 71

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Max Planck

Question 72

What factors led to factions in India becoming resentful of British hegemony? What major characteristic of India hindered nationalism?

Question 73

Describe the period of "classic colonialism" in Africa before World War II. What changes did European rule bring to Africa?

Question 74

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Pablo Picasso

Question 75

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Dada

Question 76

Describe how the skyscraper and the automobile transformed urban life in the first half of the 20th century.

Question 77

Describe both Mohandas Gandhi's role in the Indian independence movement and the direction of that movement after World War I.

Question 78

Describe and discuss the world economy and the world wars as they affected the internal political situation in Brazil and Argentina.

Question 79

Perhaps the most significant hold Europe had on Africa was __________.

Question 80

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Sigmund Freud