Deck 19: Introduction to the Regulation of Cardiovascular Function

Question 1

The baroreceptor reflex rapidly changes to ensure adequate blood flow to the tissues. Among the following tissues, which is least affected by this reflex?

A) Skin
B) Kidneys
C) Heart
D) Abdominal viscera
E) Brain

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

Which of the following mechanisms most directly affects the amount of neurotransmitter released by a nerve terminal vesicle?

A) Destruction via metabolic enzymes
B) Irreversible binding at the post-synaptic receptor
C) Re-uptake at the pre-synaptic terminal
D) Removal through diffusion within the terminal
E) Activation of prejunctional autoreceptors

Answer 2

Activation of prejunctional autoreceptors

Question 3

Vascular caliber is controlled by intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory mechanisms; these include all of the following except:

A) Circulating acetylcholine
B) The metabolic status of the tissues through which the blood vessels traverse.
C) Vasodilator and vasoconstrictor substances originating in the endothelial cells of the vessel.
D) Norepinephrine levels in the plasma due to incomplete local breakdown.
E) Blood-borne vasoactive chemicals

Answer 3

Circulating acetylcholine

Question 4

The largest and most extensive network of norepinephrine fibers in the brain arises from a group of neurons called:

A) Locus ceruleus
B) Raphe nuclei
C) Nucleus accumbens
D) Ventral tegmentum area
E) Nucleus basilis

Question 5

Peripheral input for the autonomic nervous system control of the cardiovascular system includes all of the following except:

A) Vagus nerve carrying neural signals from arterial stretch receptors
B) Parasympathetic chemosensory neural signals from the lungs
C) Sympathetic neural signals from the rostral ventrolateral medulla
D) Carotid sinus blood gas O₂
E) Sympathoexcitation stemming from visceral ischemia