Deck 28: Nucleic Acids

Question 1

How many bases are present in each strand of a complete turn of B-DNA?

A) 3
B) 7
C) 10
D) 15

Answer 1

10

Question 2

Which of the following is deoxyadenosine?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Which of the following is a purine base?

A) uracil
B) cytosine
C) thymine
D) adenine

Answer 3

adenine

Question 4

What is the approximate distance between stacked bases in a double helix of DNA?

A) 340 pm
B) 800 pm
C) 2000 pm
D) 3400 pm

Question 5

Which of the following is a definition of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

A) RNA found in the ribosome, the site in cells where synthesis of proteins takes place
B) RNA which carries a specific amino acid to the site of protein synthesis
C) RNA which has coded genetic information
D) RNA which signals cell death

Question 6

Which of the following is D-ribose?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 7

Which of the following is 2-deoxy-D-ribose?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 8

Which of the following is a definition of a codon?

A) a complimentary pair of hydrogen bonded bases in RNA
B) a sequence of three bases on RNA that directs incorporation of a specific amino acid into a protein
C) a complex between DNA and RNA
D) RNA found in the ribosome, the site in cells where synthesis of proteins takes place

Question 9

Which of the following is a definition of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

A) RNA found in the ribosome, the site in cells where synthesis of proteins takes place
B) RNA which carries a specific amino acid to the site of protein synthesis
C) RNA which has coded genetic information
D) RNA which allows transfer of a protein out of a cell

Question 10

Where is the amino acid linked to the ribose unit of transfer RNA in the process of transferring the amino acid to ribosomes?

A) the base
B) C2'-OH
C) 3'-OH
D) 5'-OH

Question 11

Which of the following is a pyrimidine base?

A) guanine
B) adenine
C) thymine
D) triethylamine

Question 12

Which of the following is uridine?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 13

Which of the following is a complimentary pair of hydrogen-bonded bases found in RNA?

A) A − C
B) A − G
C) A − T
D) A − U

Question 14

Which of the following is a complimentary pair of hydrogen-bonded bases found in DNA?

A) A − C
B) A − G
C) A − T
D) A − U

Question 15

What tetrapeptide is coded by the following sequence of mRNA? 5'-AUG-GUA-AUG-UUG-3'

A) Met-Val-Met-Leu
B) Ala-Val- Leu-Met
C) Met-Val-Ala-Leu
D) Ala-Ala-Met-Leu

Question 16

What sequence is fully complementary to the following sequence? 5'-GTACGACT-3'

A) 5'-GTACGACT-3'
B) 5'-TCAGCATG-3'
C) 5'-AGTCGTAC-3"
D) 5'-CATGCTGA-3'

Question 17

What sequence is fully complementary to the following sequence? 5'-ATCTAGTCA-3'

A) 5'-TAGATCAGT-3'
B) 5'-TGACTAGAT-3'
C) 5'-ATCTAGTCA-3
D) 5'-ACTGATCTA-3'

Question 18

What is the approximate length of a complete turn of a double helix of DNA?

A) 340 pm
B) 800 pm
C) 2000 pm
D) 3400 pm

Question 19

What is the function of an endonuclease?

A) cleavage of a specific base from DNA
B) cleavage of a specific phosphodiester bond in DNA
C) promotion of folding of DNA into a double helix
D) carrying a specific amino acid to the site of protein synthesis

Question 20

What is the approximate diameter of double helix of DNA?

A) 340 pm
B) 800 pm
C) 2000 pm
D) 3400 pm

Question 21

The structural arrangement of DNA is

Question 22

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is a DNA base sequence with cytosine at the 3' end.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 23

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is a RNA base sequence with guanine at the 3' end.
_____ is a pyrimidine nucleoside.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 24

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is uridine.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 25

A correct abbreviation for the following nucleotide is ADP.

Question 26

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is the DNA sequencing method for the human genome.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 27

The structure below represents a nucleoside.

Question 28

The structure of the sugar in RNA is shown below.

Question 29

Relative to the secondary structure of DNA, there is no restriction on the sequence of bases along a polynucleotide chain. The exact sequence carries the genetic information.

Question 30

Relative to the secondary structure of DNA, the helices are left handed and the two strands run in same directions relative to their 3'and 5' ends.

Question 31

The name of the base in the following nucleotide is __________________.

Question 32

The name of the following nucleotide is_____________________________.

Question 33

The following structures is a pyrimidine.

Question 34

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is process by which mRNA directs protein synthesis.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 35

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is the RNA base sequence complementary to the DNA base sequence shown below which codes for Leu−Ala−Phe.
CTAGCATTT

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 36

The G-C base pair is the weaker than the A-T base pair as it has two hydrogen bonds whereas the A-T base pair has three.

Question 37

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is a pyrimidine nucleoside.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 38

If ranked for largest to smallest, the correct order of DNA, mRNA, and tRNA would be DNA > mRNA > tRNA.

Question 39

Relative to the secondary structure of DNA, the purine and pyrimidine bases lie inside the helix, in planes perpendicular to the helical axis; the deoxyribose and phosphate groups form the outside of the helix.

Question 40

A three base sequence called a "codon" codes for one _______________.

Question 41

Provide the structure of cytidine 5'-monophosphate, a nucleotide consisting of a cytosine base, a ribose and a phosphate group.

Question 42

Identify the given structure. ​

A) 2',2'-dideoxynucleoside triphosphate
B) 3',2'-dideoxynucleoside triphosphate
C) 3',3'-dideoxynucleoside triphosphate
D) 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside triphosphate

Question 43

A double-stranded DNA molecule that contains 22%, on a mole basis, T must also contain ___% G.

Question 44

Provide the structure of a G-C base pair, showing hydrogen bonds as dotted lines.

Question 45

Provide the structure of a T-A base pair, showing hydrogen bonds as dotted lines.

Question 46

MATCH each of the following terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct answer for each question and structures may be used more than once. Place the letter of the structure in the blank to the left of the corresponding term.

_____ is a pyrimidine nucleoside.

A)Sanger dideoxy method
B)GAUCGUAAA
C)Watson-Crick
D)translation
E)
F)
G)transcription
H)Maxam-Gilbert method
I)AUGGCUGAG
J)replication
K)
L)
M)AGATCGCTC

Question 47

What sequence is fully complementary to the following sequence?
5'-AGTCAATTC-3'

Question 48

Identify the given structure. ​

A) Guanine-uracil
B) Guanine-cytosine
C) Thymine-uracil
D) Thymine-adenine

Question 49

EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease that recognizes the hexanucleotide sequence, GAATTC. Identify the fragments cleaved by EcoRI in the given DNA strand. ? 5'---g-a-a-t-t-c-a-t-t-a---3' $\overset{\text { ECORI }}{\longrightarrow}$ ?

A)
5'---G + 5'-A-A-T-T-C-A-T-T-A---3'
B)
5'---G-A+5'-A-T-T-C-A-T-T-A---3'
C)
5'---G-A-A+5'-T-T-C-A-T-T-A---3'
D)
5'---G-A-A-A-T+5'-T-C-A-T-T-A---3'

Question 50

The complex between negatively charged DNA and positively charged histones is called _____.

Question 51

Number each position in the ribose below according to the normal convention.

Question 52

Provide the structure of adenosine triphosphate, ATP.

Question 53

Provide the structure of guanine, a heterocyclic base found in DNA.

Question 54

What sequence is fully complementary to the following sequence?
5'-TAGCGATC-3'

Question 55

Provide the structure of adenosine, a nucleoside.

Question 56

Identify the given structure. ​

A) Adenine
B) Guanine
C) Cytosine
D) Uracil

Question 57

_____ is a double-stranded DNA in which the two ends of each DNA strand are joined by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 58

Provide the structure of 2-deoxyribose.