Question 1

A patient demonstrates lateropulsion in unsupported short-sitting and is not actively pushing into the posture.The most likely pathology is:&#10;A)Cerebellar ataxia&#10;B)Contraversive pushing&#10;C)Thalamic astasia&#10;D)Wallenberg's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Wallenberg's syndrome, or lateral medullary syndrome, often results in lateropulsion (a tendency to fall to the side of the lesion) without the active pushing seen in contraversive pushing. This condition is caused by a stroke affecting the lateral part of the medulla oblongata, impacting structures that are crucial for balance and spatial orientation.

Question 2

What preparation should be made to allow for safe transfers at home prior to discharge?&#10;A)Addition of wheeled chairs for the kitchen table&#10;B)Instruction of a daily home exercise program,which will take 30 minutes of uninterrupted time to complete&#10;C)Placement of blocks under the bed legs to raise the bed height for optimal body mechanics for the caregiver&#10;D)Repetitive practice by the caregiver to demonstrate safe transfers

Accepted Answer

Repetitive practice by the caregiver ensures they are familiar with safe transfer techniques, reducing the risk of injury to both the caregiver and the person being transferred.

Question 3

A critical motion for patients with a spinal cord injury to incorporate in their transfers is:&#10;A)Maintaining elbow flexion during the lift&#10;B)Maintaining neutral/anterior pelvic alignment&#10;C)The head-hips relationship principle&#10;D)The use of wrist tenodesis

Accepted Answer

The head-hips relationship principle is crucial for patients with spinal cord injuries during transfers. It involves moving the head in the opposite direction of the hips to facilitate movement and balance during transfers.

Question 4

Alternating isometrics is being used with the patient in short-sitting.This proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique is focused on what level of motor control?&#10;A)Stability&#10;B)Controlled mobility&#10;C)Static dynamic&#10;D)Skill

Accepted Answer

Alternating isometrics, a PNF technique used in short-sitting, focuses on stability by enhancing muscle endurance, strength, and stability without changing the joint position.

Question 5

A patient needs to react faster to weight shifts in unsupported sitting.Which activity would be MOST appropriate for this goal?&#10;A)Catching/throwing a ball with another person&#10;B)Lifting weights over head&#10;C)Marching &#34;in place&#34; while seated&#10;D)Reaching for a cup of water

Accepted Answer

Catching/throwing a ball with another person requires quick reactions and adjustments to maintain balance, making it the most appropriate activity for improving reaction to weight shifts in unsupported sitting.

Question 6

What motion improves when feet are placed on the floor during a seated task?&#10;A)Decreased ability to &#34;brake&#34; movement&#10;B)Decreased reaching speed&#10;C)Improved body stabilization&#10;D)Smaller trunk excursion

Accepted Answer

Having feet placed on the floor during a seated task improves body stabilization by providing a stable base of support, which enhances balance and control over body movements.

Question 7

Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding safety during sliding board transfers&#10;A)Instruct the patient to lift to decrease shearing forces&#10;B)Patients should be instructed to keep their fingers on top of the sliding board&#10;C)The correct sliding board width,length,and cutouts are considerations for an optimal transfer&#10;D)The sliding board should be placed beneath the patient's thighs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a FALSE...

Question 8

What abnormal sitting posture is typically observed in BOTH individuals with hemiplegia and tetraplegia?&#10;A)Bilateral upper extremity support to maintain upright posture&#10;B)Spinal extension with neutral pelvic alignment&#10;C)Spinal flexion with a posterior pelvic tilt&#10;D)Unequal (asymmetrical) lateral weight shift

Accepted Answer

Individuals with hemiplegia and tetraplegia often exhibit spinal flexion with a posterior pelvic tilt due to muscle weakness and impaired postural control.

Question 9

Equilibrium reactions and transitioning between postures BOTH require:&#10;A)Optical righting&#10;B)Protective extension reactions&#10;C)Trunk rotation&#10;D)Upper extremity weight bearing

Accepted Answer

Trunk rotation is essential for both equilibrium reactions and transitioning between postures as it helps maintain balance and allows for smooth movement transitions.

Question 10

Which outcome measure was designed specifically to test sitting balance?&#10;A)Berg Balance Scale&#10;B)Motor Assessment Scale for Stroke&#10;C)Spinal Cord Independence Measure&#10;D)Trunk Impairment Scale

Accepted Answer

The Trunk Impairment Scale was specifically designed to test sitting balance, focusing on the assessment of static and dynamic sitting balance as well as trunk coordination.

Question 11

Which of the following is a progression of intervention activities to promote function in sitting?&#10;A)Advance from unsupported short sit to upper extremity supported long sit&#10;B)Advance from unsupported short sit to unsupported side-sit&#10;C)Donning shoes and socks in unsupported sitting to maintaining unsupported seated posture against manual resistance&#10;D)Sitting with feet unsupported (dangling in the air) to short-sit with feet supported

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a progression...

Question 12

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding safety during seated tasks?&#10;A)Gait belts should always be used during inpatient rehabilitation&#10;B)One person can safely guard all patients in a seated position&#10;C)Patient sitting at the edge of the wheel chair may be left unattended for a brief time&#10;D)The therapist may grasp the hemiplegic upper extremity to prevent a lateral fall to the opposite side

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a TRUE...

Deck 35: Functional Activity Intervention in Sitting