Deck 13: The High Renaissance and Early Mannerism

Question 1

The High Renaissance painting style was characterized by

A) asymmetry in the placement of objects in a painting.
B) the obvious impact of late Byzantine themes and techniques.
C) the introduction of ugly and distorted human forms.
D) harmonious colors and proportions and serene human faces.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The subject of Castiglione's Book of the Courtier is

A) international diplomacy.
B) civilized behavior.
C) artistic aesthetics.
D) romantic love.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following artists included philosophy, poetry, theology, and law in his plan for the four walls of the Stanza della Segnatura in the papal chambers?

A) Michelangelo
B) Leonardo da Vinci
C) Raphael
D) Titian

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The mannerist viewpoint was anti-classical in its

A) belief that human nature is basically good.
B) acceptance of the principle that art should imitate nature.
C) support for an art of odd perspectives and distortions.
D) endorsement of the ideal of balanced design.

Question 5

The leading patrons of the High Renaissance were the

A) rich middle class.
B) popes.
C) nobles.
D) peasants.

Question 6

In the arts, the period between 1494 and 1564 was preeminently an age of

A) painting.
B) sculpting.
C) architecture.
D) pottery.

Question 7

All of the following were causes of the Valois-Hapsburg wars EXCEPT that

A) the Valois kings felt encircled by Hapsburg power.
B) France and Spain both wanted to show to England which was the most powerful country in Europe.
C) the Hapsburgs thought that the French king stood in the way of their dream of a united Christendom of Europe.
D) the Valois kings saw Charles V as a land-hungry ruler who wanted to control the continent.

Question 8

Which of the following artists created the Tempietto to mark the site of the martyrdom of St. Peter?

A) Michelangelo
B) Leonardo da Vinci.
C) Donato Bramante
D) Andrea di Pietro

Question 9

The interaction between Europe and the New World in the sixteenth century

A) had very little impact on the European economy.
B) resulted in a downturn in the European economy.
C) introduced new agricultural products into Europe.
D) drained the Old World of its silver and gold supplies.

Question 10

Castiglione's model lady was described as

A) a good mother.
B) an excellent housekeeper.
C) a charming hostess.
D) an excellent weaver.

Question 11

Upon Charles V's abdication, his vast holdings were

A) inherited by his son Philip.
B) divided between his brother and his son.
C) parceled out among a wide number of enemies.
D) taken over by the Valois dynasty.

Question 12

Which of the following sailing vessels became the mainstay of European shipping and naval forces from 1550 to 1700?

A) galleons
B) caravels
C) galleys
D) schooners

Question 13

Who of the following designed catapults, giant crossbows, and cannon because of his keen understanding of how weaponry could transform warfare?

A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Machiavelli
C) Castiglione
D) Raphael

Question 14

Which of the following was an important development in international relations during the High Renaissance?

A) the emergence of Germany as a unified state
B) the triumph of France over the rest of Europe
C) the Thirty Years' War
D) the birth of the concept of the balance of power

Question 15

Castiglione's model courtier

A) had to be trained as a priest.
B) was to be educated in the humanities.
C) could treat others as he wished, because of his rank in society.
D) should not bother himself with military matters.

Question 16

What kingdom initially led the High Renaissance arms race before being overtaken by other kingdoms?

A) England
B) Spain
C) France
D) the Netherlands

Question 17

Ferdinand Magellan, whose mission first circumnavigated the globe, came from which nation?

A) France
B) England
C) Spain
D) Portugal

Question 18

The High Renaissance can be described as

A) a lengthy period for art that was centered in Florence and Siena.
B) lasting only a few decades and focusing on classical perfection.
C) scattered throughout the Italian peninsula and affecting nearly every region.
D) implanting itself in England, where it flourished.

Question 19

Who among the following was NOT an expert violin maker?

A) Amati
B) Stradivari
C) Guarneri
D) Willaert

Question 20

Charles V owed his position as the monarch of a massive empire primarily to

A) timely deaths and births and astute political marriages.
B) the decision to raise a huge standing army governed through meritocracy.
C) the collapse of the monarchies of neighboring Spain and France.
D) a fortuitous growth in agricultural yields and technological developments in his lands.

Question 21

Under whom did Michelangelo serve an apprenticeship immediately prior to being taken into the household of Lorenzo de Medici?

A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Donatello
C) Raphael
D) Ghirlandaio

Question 22

Machiavellianism means

A) "Handsome is as handsome does".
B) "The end justifies any means".
C) "Love God and do as you please".
D) "Still waters run deep".

Question 23

The founder of High Renaissance architecture was

A) Bramante.
B) Leonardo da Vinci.
C) Raphael.
D) Alberti.

Question 24

Venetian art was famous for the tradition of

A) subdued lighting.
B) pale colors.
C) sensual surfaces.
D) simple, uncomplicated scenes of peasant life.

Question 25

Castiglione argued that in social relations,

A) men should dominate women.
B) men should be better educated than women.
C) women should be superior to men.
D) men and women should be ruled by Platonic love.

Question 26

What is the basic plan of the Villa Rotonda?

A) a Roman rectilinear temple raised on a pedestal
B) four symmetrical wings surrounding a domed central area
C) a meandering shape determined by the eccentric topography of the site
D) a circular temple covered by a dome

Question 27

Machiavelli's Prince reflected the author's

A) anguish at Italy's domination by foreigners.
B) experience as a courtier of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
C) background as a Venetian official.
D) years as a papal official.

Question 28

What is the subject of a Pietà scene?

A) the Virgin Mary and the dead Christ
B) the crucifixion of Jesus flanked by two other crucified persons
C) the birth of Jesus with angels and shepherds
D) the journey of Jesus into Jerusalem, riding a donkey

Question 29

Which is NOT a classical ideal visible in Bramante's Tempietto, or Little Temple?

A) Ornamentation is restricted to a few architectural accents.
B) Its proportions are computed using ancient mathematical formulas.
C) It towers over the nearby buildings.
D) It functions like a work of sculpture, being placed on a pedestal with steps.

Question 30

In Giorgione's painting The Tempest, the artist

A) emphasizes the importance of color.
B) makes the landscape the real subject of the work.
C) uses a biblical story as his central theme.
D) painted in the artistic tradition of the sixteenth-century Florentine school.

Question 31

Castiglione's Courtier can be seen as a somewhat modern work, in that he

A) encouraged the education of women.
B) advocated equal rights for men and women.
C) called for the abolition of slavery.
D) argued that all men are created equal.

Question 32

Which is a classical ideal manifested in Michelangelo's David?

A) graceful contrapposto
B) slight alteration to classical proportions
C) athletic, muscular body
D) All these answers are correct.

Question 33

Leonardo da Vinci, in his Mona Lisa, established new ways to paint portraits, as

A) he surrounded his subject with objects of his/her wealth.
B) the artist always put himself somewhere in the painting.
C) he painted in bright colors to emphasize the subject's features.
D) he painted a half-length, not full-length, view of his subject.

Question 34

Which was NOT a classical aspect of Leonardo's Last Supper?

A) the straightforward space and perspective
B) revealing subject truth through bodily gestures and facial expressions
C) the balanced composition with six disciples flanking Jesus
D) the adherence to tradition of integrating the symbolic meal into an actual refectory

Question 35

Raphael demonstrates a mastery of well-ordered space in his painting,

A) The Last Judgment.
B) School of Athens.
C) Saint Francis in Ecstasy.
D) Madonna with the Long Neck.

Question 36

Parmigianino's Madonna of the Long Neck is mannerist in its

A) well-balanced design.
B) distorted figures.
C) plain moral message.
D) idealized proportions.

Question 37

Machiavelli's political advice to rulers was to

A) follow the Bible in the conduct of government.
B) practice conscious duplicity in all matters.
C) be virtuous and upright in all relationships.
D) always be cruel and unforgiving.

Question 38

Michelangelo's outstanding architectural monument is the

A) plan of the Tempietto, Rome.
B) dome of St. Peter's Basilica, Rome.
C) dome of the Florentine cathedral.
D) Villa Capra, or the Villa Rotonda.

Question 39

Which of the following is a classical value that was evident in High Renaissance painting?

A) harmonious colors
B) distorted faces
C) unbalanced figures
D) obscure backgrounds

Question 40

What unifying agent was used by Michelangelo to give a harmonious appearance to the exterior of St. Peter's Basilica?

A) stained glass windows arranged into sets of eight
B) flying buttresses along the walls of the nave and apse
C) double Corinthian columns
D) statues of saints set into niches on the façade

Question 41

In what ways was Charles V a victim of his own power and empire?

Question 42

Who designed the Villa Capra, or Villa Rotonda?

A) Alberti
B) Bramante
C) Michelangelo
D) Palladio

Question 43

Michelangelo's High Renaissance style in poetry included all of the following EXCEPT

A) the Petrarchan sonnet.
B) Neoplatonic philosophy.
C) an emphasis on physical beauty over the divine.
D) adoption of the madrigal.
Essay Questions

Question 44

Compare and contrast the architectural ideal of Michelangelo with that of Palladio.

Question 45

In what ways did Europe's economic expansion affect social developments?

Question 46

What were some of Michelangelo's contributions to painting, sculpture, and architecture? How did his genius help to define both the High Renaissance and early mannerism? Focus on the Sistine Chapel.

Question 47

The dominant composer in this period was

A) des Prez.
B) Gabrieli.
C) Willaert.
D) Byrd.

Question 48

What was the impact of the Hapsburg-Valois wars on the Italian city-states?

Question 49

How did composers of the High Renaissance change Western music?

Question 50

How did Machiavelli's The Prince break from previous literary tradition, and what was Machiavelli's ultimate motivation in writing it?

Question 51

Discuss the developments in Venetian art. How did Titian and Giorgione contribute to these developments? Use one example of art by each to support your arguments.

Question 52

What musical innovation occurred in the High Renaissance?

A) the birth of the orchestra
B) the development of opera
C) the invention of families of instruments, called consorts
D) the emergence of the piano

Question 53

Which national school dominated High Renaissance music?

A) the English
B) the Franco-Netherlandish
C) the Italian
D) the German

Question 54

Explain the concept of civic humanism. What were its origins and what were its effects?

Question 55

Compare the different roles played by classicism in the High Renaissance and early mannerism.