Deck 14: Glm 3: Factorial Designs

Question 1

An experiment was done to look at the positive arousing effects of imagery on different people. A sample of statistics lecturers was compared against a group of students. Both groups received presentations of positive images (e.g., cats and bunnies), neutral images (e.g., duvets and light bulbs), and negative images (e.g., corpses and vivisection photographs). Positive arousal was measured physiologically (high values indicate positive arousal) both before and after each batch of images. The order in which participants saw the batches of positive, neutral and negative images was randomized to avoid order effects. It was hypothesized that positive images would increase positive arousal, negative images would reduce positive arousal and neutral images would have no effect. Differences between the subject groups (lecturers and students) were not expected. What technique should be used to analyse these data?

A) Two-way mixed ANOVA
B) Three-way repeated measures ANOVA
C) Two-way mixed analysis of covariance
D) Three-way mixed ANOVA

Answer 1

Three-way mixed ANOVA

Question 2

If a study has employed a two-way mixed ANOVA, what does this mean?

A) There were men and women participants in the study
B) There were two factors in the study each with different numbers of levels
C) There was a repeated measure factor and an independent measures factor in the study
D) The researchers couldn't make up their minds about how to do the study

Answer 2

There was a repeated measure factor and an independent measures factor in the study

Question 3

Which of the following is a key feature of factorial ANOVA?

A) One dependent variable and one independent variable
B) One dependent variable and two or more independent variables
C) One independent variable and two or more dependent variables
D) None of the above

Answer 3

One dependent variable and two or more independent variables

Question 4

How many dependent variables does a two-way ANOVA have?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 5

In a factorial design with two factors, if the effect of one factor appears to depend on the levels of the second factor, this is called

A) A main effect
B) An interaction effect
C) A factorial effect
D) An error

Question 6

What is shown in the following graph?

A) There is an interaction and no main effects.
B) There is one main effect and no interaction.
C) There are two main effects and no interaction.
D) There is an interaction and two main effects.

Question 7

Using the data in the table below, what is the outcome of this analysis?

A) There is an interaction and no main effects.
B) There is an interaction and one main effect.
C) There is no interaction and one main effect.
D) There is no interaction and two main effects.

Question 8

An experiment was performed in which participants were given lists to learn in either quiet or noisy environments. On later recall either congruous or non-congruous cues for recall were given and recall was either in the same or different context of learning. What design is this experiment?

A) Two-factorial fully independent measures
B) Two-factorial fully repeated measures
C) Two-factorial one independent and one repeated measures factors
D) Three-factorial

Question 9

Which procedure is not suitable for interpreting interaction effects statistically?

A) Bonferroni corrections of paired t-tests
B) Paired t-tests without correction
C) Simple effects
D) Tukey's HSD

Question 10

Using the data in the table below, what would be the psychological interpretation of the analysis?

A) Context has an effect on recall.
B) Cue-type has an effect on recall.
C) Context and cue type have an effect on recall.
D) Context and cue type have an effect on recall, but the effect of context depends on cue type.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a question answered by two-way ANOVAs?

A) Does one of other of the factors systematically affect the results?
B) Are the mean responses the same across all levels of a factor?
C) Do the two factors interact?
D) Does one level affect the dependent variable significantly more than the others?

Question 12

Using the data in the table below, indicate what value should appear where X appears?

A) 28.276
B) 1017.925
C) 1
D) Not enough information

Question 13

Which of the following is not an example of factorial ANOVA design?

A) Experimental
B) Independent
C) Repeated-measures (related)
D) Mixed design

Question 14

Why is Levene's test a useful test for factorial ANOVA?

A) It looks to see if there are any significant differences within group variables.
B) It looks to see if there are any significant differences within group variances.
C) It looks to see if there are any significant differences between group variances.
D) None of the above.

Question 15

Factorial ANOVA for the maintenance sector is reported as F(2.24) = 19.186, p < 0.05. What does this indicate?

A) Maintenance in period 3 was significant.
B) The trends were not significant.
C) Sector in period 1 was least significant.
D) The differences in the trends is significant.

Question 16

Using the data in the table below, what value should appear where there is a Y?

A) 316.406
B) 11.19
C) 1
D) Not enough information

Question 17

Breaking down a total variance is referred to as

A) Parting
B) Partitioning
C) Partition walls
D) Piecing

Question 18

Which of the following is not a problem which post hoc comparisons need to correct for?

A) Familywise error rates
B) Per comparison error rates
C) Sibling error rates
D) Experimentwise error rates

Question 19

What is shown in the following graph?

A) There is an interaction and no main effects.
B) There is one main effect and no interaction.
C) There are two main effects and no interaction.
D) There is an interaction and two main effects.

Question 20

The histogram shown below relates to a study undertaken by Baker et al. (2003) of the impact of roster changes on absenteeism and incident frequency in an Australian coal mine. The average monthly absenteeism rates in the three specific work areas examined, according to collection period. The authors state that 'there was a trend for increased rates during the second (3.11%) and third (3.72%) collection periods within the CPP sector, compared to the first (1.87%), F(2,24) = 2.441, p > 0.05.' What does this result explain? Source: http:/ / oem.bmj.com/ content/ vol60/ issue1/ images/ large/ om01240.f3.jpeg

A) Maintenance in period 3 was significant.
B) The trends were not significant.
C) Sector in period 1 was least significant.
D) The trends were significant.

Question 21

A study undertaken by an unknown author in 2000 investigated 'factors influencing sense of personal control among elderly rural women' (source: http:/ / bama.ua.edu/ ~jleeper/ 627/ project1.doc). What does the interaction in the graph show in terms of personal control and health status? Source: http:/ / bama.ua.edu/ ~jleeper/ 627/ project1.doc

A) For women with inadequate finances, poor control is significant.
B) For women with adequate finances, the effect of poor health is significant.
C) For women with adequate finances, good control is significant.
D) None of the above.

Question 22

A study undertaken by an unknown author in 2000 investigated 'factors influencing sense of personal control among elderly rural women' (source: http:/ / bama.ua.edu/ ~jleeper/ 627/ project1.doc).If there was an interaction evident, what further test could be performed? Source: http:/ / bama.ua.edu/ ~jleeper/ 627/ project1.doc

A) Between-subject effects test
B) Contrast estimate
C) One-way ANOVA
D) Post hoc analysis

Question 23

When cell means for subgroups are examined, what is being investigated?

A) The nature and direction of the interaction
B) The point at which the data has no significance
C) The point at which the data is highly significant
D) None of the above

Question 24

What is an interaction effect?

A) Where the main effects are explained by the influence of the dependent variables on the independent variable
B) Where the main effects are explained by the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable
C) Where the main effects do not jointly explain all of the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable.
D) None of the above