Deck 2: Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

___________ is the medical specialty that pertains to treatment of the skin and related disorders.

A) Orthopedics
B) Urology
C) Dermatology
D) Neurology

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The junction between two neurons is called the ____________________.

A) impulse
B) synapse
C) neurotransmitter
D) none of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The study of cells is known as:

A) biology
B) physiology
C) cytology
D) histology

Answer 3

C

Question 4

______________ is the study of muscles.

A) Mycology
B) Myology
C) Mycosis
D) None of the above

Question 5

What chemical builds up in muscle tissue when an anaerobic process is used to produce energy for muscle contraction?

A) Oxygen
B) Glucose
C) Adenosine triphosphate
D) Lactic acid

Question 6

__________________ consists of complex,specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses to tissues,glands,or other neurons throughout the body to help coordinate body activity.

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nerve tissue

Question 7

_______________ supports and protects the body organs.

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nerve tissue

Question 8

The plane that divides the body into right and left sides is known as the _______________.

A) sagittal plane
B) frontal plane
C) coronal plane
D) transverse plane

Question 9

Which of the following is not a part of the integumentary system?

A) Sebaceous glands
B) Skin
C) Nails
D) Muscle

Question 10

The smallest,most basic unit of life is the _____________________.

A) organ
B) cell
C) system
D) tissue

Question 11

How many bones are in the human body?

A) 206
B) 126
C) 96
D) 80

Question 12

The plane that divides the body superior and inferior portions is called the _________.

A) sagittal plane
B) transverse plane
C) superior plane
D) coronal plane

Question 13

__________________ forms the outer layer of skin and some internal organs,and the inner lining of blood vessels.

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nerve tissue

Question 14

Body systems work together to maintain a state of internal balance known as_________.

A) hematopoiesis
B) hemostasis
C) homeostasis
D) synchronicity

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of muscle tissue?

A) Contraction to aid in the movement of skeletal structure
B) Assistance with organ function
C) Maintenance of body temperature
D) All of the above

Question 16

The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is called the _________.

A) sagittal plane
B) transverse plane
C) superior plane
D) coronal plane

Question 17

The source of energy in the muscle is the production of:

A) Oxygen
B) Glucose
C) Adenosine triphosphate
D) Lactic acid

Question 18

_____________________ consists of fibers (cells),provides motion,and helps the body maintain posture.

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nerve tissue

Question 19

Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Cardiac muscle
C) Smooth muscle
D) All of the above

Question 20

_____________________ is the medical specialty that studies the skeletal system and associated structures.

A) Orthopedics
B) Urology
C) Dermatology
D) Neurology

Question 21

At resting state,the normal heart beats approximately _________ beats per minute.

A) 60-65
B) 70-72
C) 80-85
D) >90

Question 22

The vein that brings blood into the heart from the upper portion of the body above the heart is known as the ______________________.

A) superior vena cava
B) inferior vena cava
C) aorta
D) none of the above

Question 23

Diastolic blood pressure is a measure of which phase of the cardiac cycle?

A) Contraction of the heart
B) Relaxation of the heart
C) Arrest of the heart

Question 24

The peripheral nervous system consists of ______________________________.

A) nervous tissue outside the central nervous tissue
B) somatic nervous tissue
C) autonomic nervous tissue
D) all of the above

Question 25

Which vein is the phlebotomist's first and usually best choice for venipuncture?

A) Basilic vein
B) Cephalic vein
C) Median cubital vein
D) Capillaries

Question 26

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

A) Veins
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Venules

Question 27

Systolic blood pressure is a measure of which phase of the cardiac cycle?

A) Contraction of the heart
B) Relaxation of the heart
C) Arrest of the heart

Question 28

Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?

A) Supply cell with nutrients and oxygen
B) Remove waste products
C) Help control body temperature
D) All of the above

Question 29

Which of the following is true about the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system?

A) The SNS conveys information from the head,body wall,and extremities to the CNS.
B)
B) The ANS conveys information from the viscera to the CNS.
C) Both a and
D) None of the above.

Question 30

Which of the following factors influences blood pressure?

A) Total blood volume
B) Thickness of blood
C) Elasticity and diameter of blood vessels
D) All of the above

Question 31

The vein that brings blood to the heart from the lower portion of the body below the heart is known as the ________________.

A) superior vena cava
B) inferior vena cava
C) aorta
D) none of the above

Question 32

______________ regulate metabolism and energy production,contraction of muscles,growth,and aspects of the immune system.

A) Enzymes
B) Hormones
C) Activators
D) Inhibitors

Question 33

Which portion of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

A) Left atrium
B) Right atrium
C) Left ventricle
D) Right ventricle

Question 34

Which nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?

A) Somatic nervous system
B) Autonomic nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Central nervous system

Question 35

The central nervous system consists of __________________________________.

A) the brain
B) the spinal cord
C) the brain and spinal cord
D) none of the above

Question 36

Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?

A) Thyroid gland
B) Pituitary gland
C) Sweat gland
D) Hypothalamus

Question 37

Blood pressure is measured in __________________.

A) mmol/Eq
B) g/dl
C) mm/Hg
D) mg/dl

Question 38

________________ is the study of hormone-producing glands.

A) Dermatology
B) Neurology
C) Endocrinology
D) Podiatry

Question 39

Which of the following is true about the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?

A) The sympathetic system decreases or inhibits organ activity to maintain balance
B)
B) The parasympathetic system stimulates or excites the organ to start activity as part of the "fight or flight" response.
C) Both a and
D) None of the above.

Question 40

Which of the following vessels carries deoxygenated blood to the heart from the venules?

A) Veins
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Venules

Question 41

Hemoglobin is found as the major chemical component within:

A) Erythrocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Leukocytes
D) Platelets

Question 42

Which of the following blood groups is known as the "universal recipient"?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type O
D) Type AB

Question 43

After centrifugation,the buffy coat is composed of which of the following blood components?

A) Erythrocytes
B) Leukocytes
C) Plasma
D) Red blood cells

Question 44

The difference between plasma and serum may be summarized as:

A) Plasma is the liquid portion of blood when an anticoagulant has been used,while serum is the liquid portion of blood when the blood has been allowed to clot.
B) Serum is the liquid portion of blood when the anticoagulant has been used,while plasma is the liquid portion of blood when the blood has been allowed to clot.
C) Serum contains clotting factors,while plasma does not contain clotting factors.
D) There is no essential difference between serum and plasma.

Question 45

Enzymes and other chemical products of these organs are required elements to aid in the process of digestion.

A) Pancreas
B) Liver
C) Gall bladder
D) All of the above

Question 46

Which of the following is not part of the renal system?

A) Kidney
B) Bladder
C) Liver
D) Urethra

Question 47

An anticoagulant is used to _____________________.

A) keep blood from clotting
B) help blood clot quicker
C) help separate serum from cells

Question 48

Which of the following is not a reproductive hormone?

A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Progesterone
D) Thyroxine

Question 49

Maintenance of fluid hemostasis or balance in the body is the primary function of which body system?

A) Digestive system
B) Renal system
C) Respiratory system
D) Skeletal system

Question 50

The primary function of red blood cells is _____________________.

A) to carry oxygen
B) to maintain blood volume
C) to begin clotting
D) none of the above

Question 51

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

A) Work with circulatory system to carry fluids between the tissues and the blood
B) Transport oxygen through the body
C) Collect fact and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system
D) Provide the body with lymphocytes that fight against infection

Question 52

The normal life span of a red blood cell is _________ days.

A) 60
B) 90
C) 120
D) 180

Question 53

The digestive system is responsible for which of the following?

A) Breakdown of food
B) Absorption of metabolites
C) Breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones
D) All of the above

Question 54

What is the primary organ of respiration?

A) Liver
B) Lung
C) Heart
D) Kidney

Question 55

Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?

A) Take in oxygen
B) Exchange gases between lungs and blood
C) Fight against infection
D) Maintain pH

Question 56

Which of the following is an example of a transfusion reaction?

A) Fever
B) Hives
C) Death
D) All of the above

Question 57

The organs of the reproductive system include all of the following,except the:

A) testes
B) urinary bladder
C) ovaries
D) uterine tubes
E) prostate

Question 58

Which of the following cells is not classified as a leukocyte?

A) Neutrophil
B) Monocyte
C) Thrombocyte
D) Lymphocyte

Question 59

Which of the following blood groups is known as the "universal donor"?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type O
D) Type AB

Question 60

The functional unit of the kidney is called the ________________.

A) tubule
B) glomerulus
C) nephron
D) bladder

Question 61

Blood types are determined by the presence of these proteins on the surface of red blood cells:

A) Antibodies
B) Receptors
C) Antigens
D) Enzymes

Question 62

The process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones is:

A) Catabolism
B) Anabolism
C) Hemostasis
D) Coagulation