Deck 50: Cognitively and Developmentally Challenged Persons

Question 1

All of the following are common oral finding in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)except one.Which is the least common?

A) Microdontia
B) Bruxism
C) Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs)
D) Normal tooth eruption

Answer 1

Normal tooth eruption

Question 2

The most commonly used behavioral treatment in persons who exhibit self-injurious behavior (SIB)is which of the following?

A) Restraint
B) Psychoactive medication
C) Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)
D) Punishment

Answer 2

Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)

Question 3

Persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)usually have several oral manifestations that dental professionals need to be aware of.All of the following may be observed in clients with IDDs except which one?

A) Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD)
B) Bruxism
C) Microdontia
D) Macrodontia

Answer 3

Macrodontia

Question 4

In treatment of clients with intellectual and developmental disabilities,it is important to create a trusting relationship with them to achieve a successful oral healthcare experience.All of the following are strategies for establishing a trusting relationship except which one?

A) The first appointment should be long,and the assessment should be completed in order to generate a treatment plan.
B) Give explanations slowly,with one instruction at a time.
C) Provide handouts and pictures designed at the appropriate level of reading comprehension for home use.
D) Use tell-show-do technique when teaching;teach one technique at each appointment to avoid overwhelming the client.

Question 5

Clients with _____ intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)can usually learn how to brush their teeth.

A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Mild or moderate

Question 6

During education of a client with an autism spectrum disorder,which of the following is most important for the dental hygienist to remember?

A) Stay calm.
B) Use a great deal of touching and physical contact.
C) Always give short messages and clear commands.
D) Take as long as you need to ensure that the client gets the information.

Question 7

Persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)(formerly known as mental retardation)usually have an IQ below which of the following?

A) 50
B) 60
C) 70
D) 80

Question 8

Which teeth are most commonly smaller (microdontia)than normal in a person with Down syndrome?

A) Maxillary second molars
B) Maxillary lateral incisors
C) Maxillary central incisors
D) Maxillary canines

Question 9

When one is providing dental hygiene care or teaching oral health behaviors to a client with autism,which of the following would best increase the likelihood of client cooperation?

A) Telling stories
B) Talking one to one
C) Letting the client draw,color,or participate in other fun activities
D) Using behavior modification techniques

Question 10

What is the IQ range for persons who have severe intellectual and developmental disabilities?

A) Below 20
B) 50 to 70
C) 35 to 55
D) 20 to 40

Question 11

The dental hygienist is about to assess a client with an autism spectrum disorder.The client's healthcare decision maker reports that the client is under the care of a physician for seizures.Which of the following oral manifestations might you expect to see when you conduct the oral examination,depending on the type of seizure medication in the client's pharmacologic history?

A) Delayed tooth eruption
B) Drug-influenced gingival enlargement
C) Enlarged tongue
D) Congenitally missing teeth

Question 12

When developing oral hygiene skills and behaviors in an intellectually challenged client,the dental hygienist bases the teaching strategy on the client's:

A) Chronologic age
B) Mental age
C) Real age
D) IQ test score

Question 13

Most persons (about 85%)with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)fall into which category as classified by IQ?

A) Mild IDD
B) Moderate IDD
C) Severe IDD
D) Profound IDD

Question 14

Oral care may have been neglected in a person with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)as a result of all of the following except which one?

A) Communication barriers
B) Lack of social contact
C) Anxiety
D) Minimal dental disease observed in persons with IDDs

Question 15

Other than the client,who should be included in the daily oral healthcare of the person who has severe or profound intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)?

A) Caregiver
B) Dentist
C) Dental assistant
D) As many people as possible

Question 16

If a person with mild intellectual and developmental disabilities needs an antimicrobial agent to help control plaque biofilm formation and gingivitis,which of the following is best to recommend?

A) ACT fluoride mouth rinse
B) Listerine mouth rinse
C) 0.12% Chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse
D) ProHealth mouth rinse

Question 17

All of the following are helpful when teaching oral healthcare to clients with autism or an autism spectrum disorder except which one?

A) Using tell-show-do
B) Using a loud voice
C) Using pictures
D) Modeling

Question 18

Clients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)should never be encouraged to perform their own oral hygiene.IDDs negatively affect the psychomotor skills,making self-care unlikely.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 19

What is the most common cause of tooth loss that occurs in about 50% of clients with Down syndrome?

A) Dental caries
B) Periodontal disease
C) Bruxism
D) Malocclusion

Question 20

The most frequently missing permanent teeth observed in persons with Down syndrome are which of the following?

A) Mandibular lateral incisors
B) Mandibular central incisors
C) Mandibular second premolars
D) Mandibular second molars

Question 21

When treating a client with an autism spectrum disorder,clinicians should not do which of the following?

A) Give positive social reinforcement throughout the appointment.
B) Provide precise verbal praise.
C) Give instructions in a reassuring manner.
D) Discuss dental treatment needed during dental hygiene care.

Question 22

Clients who typically live in group settings and who can learn self-care behaviors,social adjustment,and economic usefulness but have very few academic skills past the second-grade level are considered to have what level of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)?

A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Profound

Question 23

If a caregiver is responsible for a the daily oral healthcare of a client with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs),the dental hygienist must create an oral home care plan that is:

A) Complex
B) Realistic
C) Unique
D) Aggressive

Question 24

Unfortunately,some dental practices choose not to treat clients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs)because of all of the following reasons except which one?

A) Lack of knowledge and experience
B) Lack of equipment
C) Inadequate compensation
D) The multiple comorbidities typically found in clients with IDDs

Question 25

What is the most common and serious medical condition found in persons with Down syndrome?

A) Congenital heart disease
B) Scoliosis
C) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
D) Alzheimer's disease