Deck 48: Renal Disease and Organ Transplantation

Question 1

Secondary medical conditions are defined as:

A) Conditions that are a result of a ripple effect that occurs as a result of another condition
B) Comorbidities
C) Risk factors for disease
D) Risk indicators for disease

Answer 1

Conditions that are a result of a ripple effect that occurs as a result of another condition

Question 2

In persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD),anemia and bone metabolism disorders become more common in stage:

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Peritoneal dialysis is typically performed in which of the following?

A) Hospital
B) Dialysis center
C) Home
D) Urgent care center or emergency room

Answer 3

Home

Question 4

All of the following are special precautions taken by the dental hygienist with persons on peritoneal dialysis except which one?

A) Receive medical clearance.
B) Never take blood pressure readings in the dialysis access arm.
C) Consider delaying or modifying therapy if heparin has been administered in the previous 24 hours.
D) Determine need for antibiotic premedication before invasive dental procedures.

Question 5

What is the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)?

A) An organization that establishes evidence-based practice guidelines
B) A scientific organization dedicated to research
C) An educational organization that tries to advance the concept of artificial organs
D) The organization that maintains the nation's only Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN)

Question 6

The majority of pretransplant candidates are people living with _____ disease.

A) Heart
B) Kidney
C) Liver
D) Lung

Question 7

Hemodialysis is a method of dialysis treatment in which the patient's blood is cleansed:

A) Through the peritoneal lining of the stomach
B) A few ounces at a time while pumped through a special filter
C) Using a chemical detoxifying agent
D) Using heat

Question 8

Signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease (CKD)include all of the following except which one?

A) No change in urine output
B) Fluid retention
C) Fatigue
D) Urticaria

Question 9

Signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism may be evident on dental radiographs as which of the following?

A) Dense trabeculations of bone
B) Motheaten patterns in bone
C) Radiopaque lesions in soft tissue
D) Artifacts on the film

Question 10

When dental hygiene care plans are prepared for pre- or post-solid organ transplant recipients,there are:

A) Clear-cut guidelines based on the American Heart Association Guidelines
B) Universal guidelines,depending on which organ is transplanted
C) No universal guidelines
D) Guidelines based on cause of disease

Question 11

All of the following reflect examples of The National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI)Guidelines that address chronic kidney disease (CKD)and other possible medical and related conditions except which one?

A) Anemia and Chronic Kidney Disease
B) Diabetes in Chronic Kidney Disease
C) Oral Health and Chronic Kidney Disease
D) Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis patients
E) Nutrition

Question 12

Oral manifestations of anemia include all of the following except which one?

A) Pallor of the oral mucosa
B) Calcifications in veins and arteries
C) Glossitis
D) Angular stomatitis

Question 13

Peritoneal dialysis is a method of dialysis treatment in which the patient's:

A) Peritoneum is cleansed
B) Blood is cleansed through the peritoneal cavity
C) Blood is cleansed a few ounces at a time through a special filter
D) Blood is replaced with transfused donated blood

Question 14

ESRD is an acronym for _____ disease.

A) End-stage respiratory
B) Early-stage renal
C) Emergency-stage renal
D) End-stage renal

Question 15

Patients diagnosed with renal disease have a _____ fold greater risk of cardiovascular disease.

A) Fifty to sixty
B) Ten to 100
C) Two
D) Five to six

Question 16

The most prevalent cause of end-stage renal disease is which of the following?

A) Diabetes
B) Hypertension
C) Anemia
D) Hyperparathyroidism

Question 17

All of the following are special precautions taken by the dental hygienist with persons on hemodialysis except which one?

A) Obtain a medical consultation and clearance before dental care.
B) Never take blood pressure readings in the dialysis access arm.
C) Determine need for antibiotic premedication before invasive dental procedures.
D) Always use antibiotic premedication before an invasive dental procedure that can cause bacteremia.

Question 18

To cope with long-term xerostomia,patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)may be correctly advised to do all of the following except which one?

A) Suck on a lemon and drink plenty of fluids.
B) Use a saliva substitute as needed.
C) Suck on a button tied to a string.
D) Use xylitol-containing gum and mints four to five times daily.

Question 19

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a serious complication affecting the:

A) Thyroid gland
B) Kidneys
C) Nephrons
D) Parathyroid gland

Question 20

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is treated with any of the following except which one?

A) Dietary modifications with regard to phosphorus
B) Active vitamin D
C) Phosphorus binders
D) ACE inhibitors

Question 21

Post-solid organ transplant recipients often experience all of the following conditions except which one?

A) Candidiasis
B) Latent herpetic infections
C) Squamous carcinomas
D) Osteonecrosis of the mandible

Question 22

In post-solid organ transplant recipients,immunosuppression:

A) Is greatest immediately after transplant surgery
B) Is greatest 1 year after transplant surgery
C) Is greatest 6 months after transplant surgery
D) Never changes;it must always be high