Deck 16: Dental Caries Management by Risk Assessment

Question 1

Demineralization is the:

A) Dissolution of calcium and phosphate minerals from the tooth when acids diffuse into the tooth
B) Neutralization of acids by saliva that provides minerals and proteins that protect the teeth
C) Ongoing process of tooth destruction and repair that occurs with each carbohydrate challenge
D) Process whereby the pH gradually returns to neutral in 30 to 60 minutes after the ingestion of fermentable carbohydrates

Answer 1

Dissolution of calcium and phosphate minerals from the tooth when acids diffuse into the tooth

Question 2

High caries risk factors for ages 0 to 5 years is indicated by any one of the following except which one?

A) Child sleeps with bottle or nurses ad lib.
B) Mother or primary caregiver has had active dental decay in the last 12 months.
C) Bottle contains fluids other than milk or water.
D) Child has had dental examination combined with oral hygiene instruction for caregiver.
E) Child has saliva reducing factors (e.g. ,medications for asthma or hyperactivity).

Answer 2

Child has had dental examination combined with oral hygiene instruction for caregiver.

Question 3

The white spot lesion is:

A) Irreversible
B) The area of least loss of calcium and phosphate minerals in the subsurface zone of the enamel
C) A signal to place a restoration
D) A demineralized area that appears white due to the loss of mineral in the subsurface zone of the enamel

Answer 3

A demineralized area that appears white due to the loss of mineral in the subsurface zone of the enamel

Question 4

Dental caries is caused by:

A) The white spot lesion
B) Minerals in the saliva
C) Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli
D) Porphyromonas gingivalis
E) Loss of saliva

Question 5

Evidence-based therapy for a high caries risk individual is indicated by any one of the following except which one?

A) Fluoride toothpaste at least two times daily
B) Fluoride varnish two to three times annually
C) Xylitol for mothers and caregivers of 0 to 5-year-olds
D) Chlorhexidine once daily for 1 week each month for age 6 years through adult
E) Bottles with sugared fluids/juices

Question 6

The following are primary mechanisms of fluoride action except which one?

A) Inhibition of demineralization
B) Enhancement of remineralization
C) Inhibition of plaque bacteria
D) Systemic effects to enhance the enamel structure of the tooth

Question 7

Caries protective factors include all of the following except which one?

A) Uses fluoride toothpaste at least once daily.
B) Has orthodontic appliances.
C) Had fluoride varnish applied in the last 6 months.
D) Used xylitol gum/lozenges four times daily in the last 6 months.
E) Used calcium and phosphate supplements during the last 6 months.

Question 8

If therapeutic interventions are not in place and disease progress has not been arrested,high caries risk for ages 6 years and older/adult is indicated by any one of the following except which one?

A) Teeth with frank cavitations or lesions that radiographically show penetration into dentin
B) Approximal radiographic lesions confined to the enamel only
C) Visual white spots on smooth surfaces
D) Inadequate saliva flow

Question 9

Dental caries involves an interaction among pathologic factors and protective factors.Pathological factors include all of the following except which one?

A) Acidogenic bacteria
B) Subnormal saliva flow
C) Frequent eating and/or drinking of fermentable carbohydrates
D) Normal salivary flow

Question 10

Caries disease indicators include all of the following except which one?

A) Teeth with frank cavitations or lesions that radiographically show penetration into dentin
B) Approximal radiographic lesions confined to the enamel only
C) Any restorations placed in the last 3 years
D) Visible heavy plaque biofilm on teeth