Deck 26: The Triumph of Conservatism, 1969 -1988

Question 1

MATCHING
Proposition 13

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Answer 1

ban on raising property taxes

Question 2

MATCHING
Church Committee

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Answer 2

investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA

Question 3

MATCHING
Mikhail Gorbachev

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Answer 3

Soviet leader

Question 4

MATCHING
stagflation

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 5

MATCHING
Warren Burger

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 6

MATCHING
Henry Kissinger

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 7

MATCHING
Philadelphia Plan

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 8

MATCHING
Phyllis Schlafly

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 9

MATCHING
Sandra Day O'Conner

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 10

MATCHING
détente

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 11

MATCHING
Ronald Reagan

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 12

MATCHING
Three Mile Island

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 13

MATCHING
Jerry Falwell

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 14

MATCHING
Oliver North

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 15

MATCHING
supply-side economics

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 16

MATCHING
Pentagon Papers

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 17

MATCHING
Geraldine Ferraro

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 18

MATCHING
Jimmy Carter

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 19

MATCHING
Richard Nixon

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 20

MATCHING
George Bush

A)first woman appointed on the Supreme Court
B)leader of the Moral Majority
C)vice presidential candidate
D)Supreme Court chief justice
E)supporter of the Family Assistance Plan
F)national security advisor
G)Soviet leader
H)Strategic Defense Initiative
I)staunch opponent of the ERA
J)Camp David Accords
K)Iran-Contra affair
L)Reagan's vice president

Question 21

Under the Nixon administration, the United States:

A) supported the government of Salvador Allende in Chile.
B) boycotted South Africa to protest apartheid.
C) supported democratic reforms in Iran.
D) continued to undermine Third World governments deemed unfriendly to the United States.
E) focused its foreign policy on Southeast Asia.

Question 22

The Environmental Protection Agency, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the National Transportation Safety Board were all established during the administration of:

A) Lyndon Johnson.
B) Gerald Ford.
C) Ronald Reagan.
D) Jimmy Carter.
E) Richard Nixon.

Question 23

In his relations with major communist powers, President Nixon:

A) was a fierce anticommunist.
B) viewed China and the Soviet Union as a unified block.
C) signed a strategic arms limitation treaty with the Soviet Union.
D) rejected Henry Kissinger's "realist" approach to the Cold War.
E) rejected "détente."

Question 24

The Nixon administration's Philadelphia Plan:

A) expanded the War on Poverty.
B) eliminated Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
C) implemented forced busing to integrate public schools.
D) expanded affirmative action.
E) provided free health insurance for families living below the poverty line.

Question 25

MATCHING
yuppies

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 26

Richard Nixon's New Federalism:

A) proposed a decrease in funding for Social Security.
B) called for a reduction in all government spending and a balanced budget.
C) proposed that a system of block grants be assigned to states to spend as they saw fit.
D) demanded that the federal government administer all aid, even on the local level.
E) proposed that no new federal agencies be created.

Question 27

All of the following are evidence that freedom for women expanded in the 1970s EXCEPT:

A) Title IX, which banned gender discrimination in higher education.
B) a higher divorce rate and lower birth rate.
C) the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
D) more employment opportunities, such as with AT&T.
E) Regents of the University of California v. Bakke.

Question 28

Richard Nixon's appointments to the Supreme Court were intended to:

A) continue the liberal trend set by the Warren Court.
B) be balanced with conservatives and liberals.
C) lead the court in a conservative direction.
D) break gender barriers by his appointment of the first female justice.
E) appease the Democrats, since he had to work with them in Congress on other issues.

Question 29

The 1971 ruling Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education led to the:

A) use of busing as a tool to achieve school integration.
B) implementation of affirmative action in higher education.
C) first female students admitted into Yale and Harvard.
D) reversal of the Brown v. Board of Education decision.
E) firing of suspected communist professors in universities.

Question 30

In 1972, Congress passed Title IX, which:

A) was passed over President Nixon's veto.
B) banned racial discrimination in higher education.
C) banned gender discrimination in higher education.
D) banned gender discrimination in the workplace.
E) guaranteed women equal access to pay.

Question 31

Affirmative action was:

A) found unconstitutional during the Nixon administration.
B) mandated by law only for construction workers.
C) implemented only in Philadelphia.
D) never a priority during the Nixon administration.
E) first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration.

Question 32

During the 1970s:

A) the age at which Americans married increased and divorce rates rose.
B) the age at which Americans married decreased and divorce rates declined.
C) the baby boom continued unabated.
D) divorce became less socially acceptable.
E) marriage became obsolete.

Question 33

In a historic move, in 1972 President Nixon opened diplomatic relations with:

A) Taiwan.
B) China.
C) the Soviet Union.
D) Cuba.
E) North Vietnam.

Question 34

MATCHING
Iran-Contra scandal

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 35

MATCHING
Camp David Accords

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 36

In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Supreme Court ruled that:

A) affirmative action was unconstitutional.
B) racial quotas for college admissions were constitutional.
C) fixed affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional.
D) race could no longer be used as a factor in college admissions.
E) gender could no longer be used as a factor in college admissions.

Question 37

The writer Tom Wolfe dubbed the 1970s the "____________ Decade."

A) Narcissistic
B) Be Happy
C) Proud
D) Free
E) Me

Question 38

Which is NOT an agency created or act passed under the Nixon administration?

A) Endangered Species Act
B) Office of Economic Opportunity
C) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
D) National Transportation Safety Board
E) Environmental Protection Agency

Question 39

Nixon's Family Assistance Plan:

A) proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.
B) won approval by Congress.
C) was seen as too radical by liberals.
D) replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
E) was seen as inadequate by conservatives.

Question 40

MATCHING
savings and loan crisis

A)Arms for Hostages
B)young, successful urban professionals
C)caused by deregulation
D)easing of Cold War tensions
E)ban on raising property taxes
F)trickle-down economics
G)peace between Egypt and Israel
H)investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA
I)slow economic growth and high inflation
J)nuclear power plant accident
K)presidential involvement in Vietnam
L)affirmative action

Question 41

In 1975, the Vietnam War ended:

A) becoming the only war lost by the United States.
B) as a military, political, and social victory for the United States.
C) leaving very few Vietnamese casualties.
D) leaving many Americans optimistic and sure of their country and its purpose.
E) as a result of the U.S. invasion of Cambodia.

Question 42

The revelations of the Church Committee:

A) forced the United States to declare war on Cambodia.
B) led Congress to pass laws giving the FBI and the CIA more freedom in conducting their affairs.
C) led Congress to pass laws restricting the FBI and the CIA in conducting their affairs.
D) renewed Americans' faith in the federal government.
E) led to the impeachment of Richard Nixon.

Question 43

In 1976, Jimmy Carter won the presidential race in part because he:

A) promised never to lie to Americans.
B) pledged to pardon Richard Nixon.
C) did not support affirmative action.
D) was well connected within the Washington political scene.
E) promised a return to American isolationism.

Question 44

During the 1970s, conservatives:

A) continued their overt opposition to the black struggle for racial justice.
B) shifted their political rhetoric, insisting on more local control and resistance to the power of the federal government.
C) employed the fiery rhetoric and direct confrontation tactics of Bull Connor and George Wallace.
D) made little progress.
E) appealed primarily to urban Americans.

Question 45

In 1972, President Nixon took part in a historic reconfiguration of Cold War policy when he:

A) became the first president to visit North Vietnam.
B) signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks agreement.
C) refused to sign the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
D) and Josef Stalin advocated détente.
E) refused to visit China.

Question 46

The Three Mile Island nuclear plant:

A) proved the success of the alternative energy resource.
B) was the first of its kind to be operational.
C) brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry's expansion.
D) was the first nuclear plant to have an accident.
E) stood as a symbol of American scientific and technologic superiority.

Question 47

The handling of the Iranian hostage crisis:

A) was a diplomatic achievement for President Carter.
B) restored Americans' confidence in their nation.
C) made Jimmy Carter appear weak and inept.
D) made Ronald Reagan appear weak and inept.
E) ended with the signing of the Camp David Accords.

Question 48

Which nation held fifty-three Americans hostage from November 1979 until January 1981?

A) Saudi Arabia
B) Nicaragua
C) El Salvador
D) Iran
E) Libya

Question 49

When they were arrested, the burglars at the Watergate apartment complex were breaking into:

A) the psychiatrist Daniel Ellsburg's office.
B) the Washington Post's headquarters.
C) the Democratic Party headquarters.
D) George McGovern's apartment.
E) the Committee to Reelect the President's (CREEP's) headquarters.

Question 50

President Carter's foreign policy emphasized:

A) the need to fight communism around the world.
B) the policy of containment.
C) the right of the United States to intervene in Latin America.
D) an increased military presence in Southeast Asia.
E) human rights as a diplomatic priority.

Question 51

The Church Committee revealed that since the beginning of the Cold War:

A) the CIA and FBI had engaged in abusive actions.
B) the Catholic Church had secretly channeled funds to Third World countries fighting communism.
C) every administration had traded arms for hostages behind the back of Congress.
D) the Ku Klux Klan had been receiving funds from the FBI to sabotage the civil rights movement.
E) the draft process had unfairly drafted the poor and minorities, while white, middle-class men were often exempt.

Question 52

In order to protect U.S. interests, the Carter Doctrine declared that the United States would:

A) never intervene in the affairs of another nation.
B) use military force, particularly in Southeast Asia.
C) use military force, particularly in the Western Hemisphere.
D) use military force, particularly in the Persian Gulf.
E) use nuclear weapons only if attacked first.

Question 53

In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, President Carter pursued all of the following policies EXCEPT:

A) boycotted the Moscow Olympics.
B) decreased military spending.
C) placed an embargo on grain exports to the Soviet Union.
D) funneled aid to fundamentalist Muslims in Afghanistan who fought a guerilla war against the Soviets.
E) placed an embargo on grain exports to the Soviet Union.

Question 54

In the early 1970s, which commodity did many Americans have to purchase by appointment only?

A) automobiles
B) gasoline
C) water
D) tires
E) oil

Question 55

Under the policy of Vietnamization, the U.S. military:

A) ceased bombings in Vietnam.
B) successfully cut North Vietnamese supply routes.
C) attempted to shift the burden of fighting to South Vietnamese soldiers.
D) brought an immediate end to the war.
E) brought an end to antiwar protest.

Question 56

When he assumed the presidency, Richard Nixon announced a new policy regarding the Vietnam War known as:

A) détente.
B) Americanization.
C) Vietnamization.
D) massive retaliation.
E) the New Look.

Question 57

The centerpiece of Jimmy Carter's foreign policy was:

A) détente.
B) human rights.
C) military strength.
D) the Strategic Defense Initiative.
E) the CIA.

Question 58

The economic condition known as stagflation was caused by:

A) declining oil prices.
B) low inflation rates.
C) stagnant economic growth and low inflation.
D) stagnant economic growth and high inflation.
E) high income tax rates.

Question 59

Domestically, President Gerald Ford:

A) was successful at reviving the American economy.
B) introduced programs that encouraged growth in the manufacturing sector.
C) reversed the economic policies of his predecessor.
D) restored Americans' confidence in their nation, as business boomed.
E) failed to revive the economy.

Question 60

During the 1970s, evangelical Christians:

A) significantly declined in number, as they became less vocal.
B) significantly increased in number, as they became more vocal.
C) became more liberal in their beliefs.
D) were banned from holding public office.
E) were banned from making television appearances.

Question 61

"Yuppie" was a term for:

A) counterculture hippies of the 1960s.
B) politically conscience students of the 1960s.
C) wealthy, young urban professionals of the 1980s.
D) the conservative youth of the 1970s.
E) senior citizens who favored Reagan's policies in the 1980s.

Question 62

Bowers v. Hardwick:

A) upheld the constitutionality of state laws outlawing homosexual acts.
B) took the United States off the gold standard.
C) ruled affirmative action was constitutional in university decisions regarding enrollment.
D) stated that a criminal had the right to a state-appointed lawyer.
E) upheld the practices of racial housing segregation.

Question 63

Geraldine Ferraro is best known as:

A) the first female candidate on a major-party presidential ticket.
B) a conservative who campaigned against the Equal Rights Amendment.
C) the leader of the Redstockings.
D) cofounder of the National Organization of Women (NOW).
E) the first female Supreme Court justice.

Question 64

All of the statements about the Moral Majority are true EXCEPT:

A) the Moral Majority opposed the Equal Rights Amendment.
B) the Moral Majority were strong supporters of Roe v. Wade.
C) the Moral Majority feared family values were being undermined.
D) the Moral Majority supported antigay laws.
E) the Moral Majority favored military preparedness in the face of communism.

Question 65

Reagan's economic policies:

A) expanded food stamps and school lunch programs.
B) enlarged government revenue.
C) decreased the national debt.
D) strengthened labor unions.
E) resulted in a rise in economic inequality.

Question 66

Which striking labor group did Reagan have fired?

A) steel workers
B) textile workers
C) truck drivers
D) post office workers
E) air traffic controllers

Question 67

The 1980s could easily be called the second:

A) Gilded Age.
B) Progressive era.
C) Era of Good Feelings.
D) New Deal Society.
E) industrial revolution.

Question 68

Jerry Falwell created the:

A) Christian Majority.
B) Moral Majority.
C) Silent Majority.
D) Anti-Gay Majority.
E) Feminist Majority.

Question 69

The election of 1980 reflected:

A) the end of conservatism.
B) the validation of big government.
C) a return to progressivism.
D) growing frustration over America's condition.
E) a referendum for the ERA.

Question 70

Opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment, like Phyllis Schlafly, argued that the passage of the ERA would:

A) relieve men of their responsibilities in terms of child support and alimony payments.
B) finally make women truly equal citizens, a goal set forth at Seneca Falls over a century before.
C) be amended so as to exclude women from being drafted into the armed forces.
D) not change anything, and so its ratification would mean nothing.
E) elevate women to a superior class, allowing women to outnumber men in politics, professional jobs, and higher education programs within a decade.

Question 71

Voters approved Proposition 13 in California, a law that banned:

A) Mexican immigration.
B) bilingual education in public schools.
C) abortions.
D) further increases in property taxes.
E) issuing drivers licenses to illegal aliens.

Question 72

One of the loudest opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment was:

A) Alice Paul.
B) Gloria Steinman.
C) Betty Friedan.
D) Phyllis Schlafly.
E) Geraldine Ferraro.

Question 73

Reagan's economic program, known as "supply-side economics" relied on:

A) tax cuts and high interest rates.
B) tax increases.
C) tax cuts specifically for low-income Americans.
D) increased environmental regulations.
E) increased regulation of workplace safety.

Question 74

The Sagebrush Rebellion defined freedom as:

A) being free to choose.
B) a moral condition.
C) being free from government tyranny.
D) being free from taxes.
E) a condition that can never be fully attained.

Question 75

Who were the Redstockings?

A) a militant black group
B) a communist group
C) an underground group promoting anarchy
D) a radical feminist group
E) a gay and lesbian group

Question 76

The opponents of the ERA defined freedom for women as:

A) being within the public sphere.
B) the right to control her own body.
C) residing in the roles of wife and mother.
D) economic opportunity.
E) the right to an easy divorce.

Question 77

Ronald Reagan's economic policy focused on:

A) tax cuts.
B) high tariffs.
C) government spending on welfare.
D) empowering unions.
E) increasing government regulations on industry.

Question 78

The Equal Rights Amendment:

A) passed Congress but failed to achieve ratification by the required 38 states.
B) passed Congress and was ratified by the required 38 states.
C) had the support of all American women.
D) had little support from American men.
E) was supported by Phyllis Schlafly.

Question 79

In 1978, California's Proposition 13:

A) banned discrimination in housing.
B) ended affirmative action within higher education.
C) was part of a nationwide tax revolt.
D) raised taxes to cover budget deficits.
E) banned Mexican immigration.

Question 80

The Reagan Revolution:

A) included an emphasis on global human rights.
B) introduced an expanded welfare state.
C) strengthened the labor movement.
D) included cuts to government programs and regulation
E) had little appeal for most Americans.