Deck 21: The New Deal, 1932 -1940

Question 1

MATCHING
Alfred Landon

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Answer 1

Republican presidential candidate

Question 2

MATCHING
National Recovery Administration

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Answer 2

federally backed reform or progress

Question 3

MATCHING
Harold Ickes

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Answer 3

Secretary of the Interior

Question 4

MATCHING
Civilian Conservation Corps

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 5

MATCHING
bank holiday

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 6

MATCHING
Upton Sinclair

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 7

MATCHING
Social Security

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 8

MATCHING
Frances Perkins

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 9

MATCHING
John Collier

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 10

MATCHING
Franklin Roosevelt

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 11

MATCHING
Wagner Act

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 12

MATCHING
House Un-American Activities Committee

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 13

MATCHING
Scottsboro case

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 14

MATCHING
Mary McLeod Bethune

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 15

MATCHING
Huey Long

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 16

MATCHING
Eleanor Roosevelt

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 17

MATCHING
Martha Graham

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 18

MATCHING
John Lewis

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 19

MATCHING
Popular Front

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 20

MATCHING
John Steinbeck

A)end poverty in California
B)Black Cabinet
C)Secretary of the Interior
D)CIO
E)Commissioner of Indian Affairs
F)Secretary of Labor
G)Popular Front artist
H)Republican presidential candidate
I)Court-packing plan
J)wrote about migrant workers
K)"Share Our Wealth" movement
L)organized a Marian Anderson concert

Question 21

During the 1932 election:

A) FDR boldly outlined his plans for a New Deal.
B) Herbert Hoover made a late rally and nearly defeated Roosevelt.
C) FDR played on his disability to garner public sympathy and to make himself seem more like an ordinary man.
D) FDR called for a balanced government and criticized Hoover for excessive government spending.
E) Herbert Hoover apologized to the American public for failing them and promised to repeal Prohibition if reelected.

Question 22

The Tennessee Valley Authority:

A) applied only to the American West.
B) put young men to work in national parks.
C) applied only to the state of Tennessee.
D) combined economic regional planning with relief.
E) was created during the "Second New Deal."

Question 23

The first thing that Roosevelt attended to as president was the:

A) housing crisis.
B) farming crisis.
C) banking crisis.
D) unemployment crisis.
E) tariff crisis.

Question 24

Which act or organization barred commercial banks from becoming involved in the buying and selling of stocks?

A) the Glass-Steagall Act
B) the Federal Communications Commission
C) the Securities and Exchange Commission
D) the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
E) the Bank Holiday Act

Question 25

Liberalism during the New Deal came to be understood as:

A) limited government and free market enterprise.
B) active government to uplift less fortunate members of society.
C) a trust in the government to regulate personal behavior.
D) individual autonomy, limited government, and unregulated capitalism.
E) workers' ownership of the means of production.

Question 26

New Deal housing policy:

A) was similar to the housing policy established during Hoover's presidency.
B) was limited in scope because of a lack of funding.
C) was a remarkable departure from the housing policies of previous administrations.
D) addressed only the needs of home owners, not those of renters.
E) created a program of free housing for all.

Question 27

Which New Deal program put the federal government for the first time in the business of selling electricity in competition with private companies?

A) the Tennessee Valley Authority
B) the Rural Electrification Administration
C) the National Recovery Act
D) the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
E) the Works Project Administration

Question 28

MATCHING
liberalism

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 29

The National Industrial Recovery Act:

A) was never passed.
B) established codes that set standards for production, prices, and wages in several industries.
C) established codes that continued the open-shop policies of the 1920s.
D) encouraged "cutthroat" competition between businesses.
E) was modeled on Stalin's economic policies.

Question 30

MATCHING
fireside chat

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 31

The First New Deal:

A) was a series of experiments, some of which succeeded and some of which failed.
B) led to the construction of few public facilities.
C) ended unemployment.
D) ended the Great Depression.
E) provided relief to very few Americans.

Question 32

The Civilian Conservation Corps:

A) was created during the "Second New Deal."
B) was headed by Hugh S. Johnson.
C) put young women to work in schools.
D) put older workers back to work.
E) put young men to work in national parks.

Question 33

During the Roosevelt administration, the Democratic Party emerged into a coalition that included all of the following EXCEPT:

A) farmers.
B) the white supremacist South.
C) the business elite.
D) industrial workers.
E) northern African-Americans.

Question 34

The New Deal:

A) included a reliance on economic planning.
B) was based on socialism.
C) was based on fascism.
D) was similar to Stalin's economic policy.
E) rejected the thinking of John Maynard Keynes.

Question 35

MATCHING
Tennessee Valley Authority

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 36

MATCHING
Dust Bowl

A)investigated disloyalty
B)hydroelectric project
C)International Labor Defense
D)radio address
E)federally backed reform or progress
F)drought-struck area around Oklahoma and Texas
G)Roosevelt's first action
H)recognized labor unions
I)communists
J)minimum retirement program
K)blue eagle
L)relief for young men

Question 37

The Agricultural Adjustment Act:

A) raised farm prices by establishing quotas and paying farmers not to plant more.
B) lowered farm prices by establishing quotas and paying farmers to grow more.
C) was beneficial to sharecroppers and tenant farmers.
D) established a government program of distributing food to the hungry.
E) was limited to the West Coast.

Question 38

All of the statements about Roosevelt's group of advisers known as the "Brain Trust" are true EXCEPT:

A) the "Brain Trust" saw big corporations as an inevitable part of the modern economy.
B) the "Brain Trust" believed that large corporations needed to be directed by the government.
C) the "Brain Trust" included university professors.
D) their economic views defined the "First New Deal."
E) the "Brain Trust" believed that large corporations needed to be dismantled.

Question 39

The Glass-Steagall Act:

A) maintained the gold standard.
B) had little impact on the banking system.
C) made legal the buying and selling of stocks by banks.
D) established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
E) is still in effect today.

Question 40

The Great Depression and the economic crisis that ensued discredited supporters of:

A) Keynesian economics.
B) liberalism.
C) unregulated capitalism.
D) fascism.
E) communism.

Question 41

By 1935, the New Deal:

A) had ended the Depression.
B) had the full support of the Supreme Court.
C) was validated in the United States v. Butler decision.
D) faced mounting pressures and criticism.
E) was declared unconstitutional.

Question 42

The Wagner Act:

A) created the Works Progress Administration.
B) created the National Labor Relations Board.
C) made company unions legal.
D) made all unions illegal.
E) affected only government employees.

Question 43

The Works Progress Administration:

A) employed only industrial workers.
B) was directed by Huey Long.
C) included projects in the arts.
D) focused primarily on urban renewal.
E) was limited in scope.

Question 44

Which statement about the New Deal is true?

A) The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) helped small tenant farmers like those living in the Dust Bowl.
B) The first New Deal dealt mostly with economic security.
C) The New Deal championed civil rights and actively worked at ending Jim Crow.
D) The Second New Deal dealt mostly with economic recovery.
E) Social Security was a Second New Deal program.

Question 45

In fireside chats and public addresses, President Roosevelt equated freedom with:

A) economic security.
B) cuts in government spending.
C) Keynesian economic theory.
D) economic inequality.
E) laissez-faire economics.

Question 46

During 1934, the great wave of labor strikes included all of the following groups EXCEPT:

A) dockworkers.
B) autoworkers.
C) textile workers.
D) truck drivers.
E) stockbrokers.

Question 47

Critics of the New Deal included all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Frances Perkins.
B) Huey Long.
C) Charles Coughlin.
D) Dr. Francis Townsend.
E) Upton Sinclair.

Question 48

The New Deal concentrated power in the hands of:

A) the executive branch.
B) the legislative branch.
C) the judicial branch.
D) local government.
E) state government.

Question 49

Which statement about the Social Security Act is FALSE?

A) It included aid to families with dependent children.
B) It was extremely original in concept.
C) Congress dropped the provision for national health insurance from the original bill.
D) It created a system of unemployment insurance.
E) Its coverage excluded most blacks from the program.

Question 50

The Social Security Act of 1935:

A) was vetoed by President Roosevelt.
B) was the British version of the welfare state.
C) designed a program of relief funded only by federal money.
D) included old-age pensions, unemployment relief, and aid to families with dependent children.
E) covered all workers, regardless of race or gender.

Question 51

The Second New Deal:

A) focused on economic security.
B) focused on economic relief.
C) focused on business recovery.
D) focused on civil liberties.
E) included no new taxes.

Question 52

Upton Sinclair:

A) was head of the CIO.
B) worked for the New Deal administration.
C) was head of the End Poverty in California movement.
D) was elected governor of California in 1934.
E) was elected senator from California in 1934.

Question 53

The Congress of Industrial Organizations:

A) was sanctioned by the AFL.
B) created unions of skilled workers by craft.
C) created unions of industrial workers.
D) was opposed by President Roosevelt
E) did not include the United Mine Workers.

Question 54

The sit-down strike was:

A) a tactic developed by the AFL.
B) part of the successful strategy that organized the auto industry.
C) only successful in the steel industry.
D) outlawed by Michigan governor Frank Murphy.
E) a tactic pioneered by the CIO.

Question 55

Which was NOT a New Deal program?

A) the Works Progress Administration
B) the Congress of Industrial Organizations
C) the National Recovery Administration
D) the Civilian Conservation Corps
E) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Question 56

Which two New Deal programs did the Supreme Court rule unconstitutional?

A) Securities and Exchange Commission and Public Works Administration
B) National Recovery Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps
C) Glass-Steagall Act and Agricultural Adjustment Act
D) Wagner Act and National Recovery Administration
E) Agricultural Adjustment Act and National Recovery Administration

Question 57

Which statement best describes Huey Long, Upton Sinclair, and Dr. Francis Townsend?

A) They all challenged Roosevelt to move further to the left of center.
B) They were all supported by the Republican Party.
C) Each was a socialist radical.
D) Despite representing interesting movements, none of them had much of a following.
E) They all ended up in jail during World War II for having communist sympathies.

Question 58

Which program employed white-collar workers and professionals, including doctors, writers, and artists?

A) the Wagner Act
B) the Civilian Conservation Corps
C) the Works Progress Administration
D) the Tennessee Valley Authority
E) the National Recovery Administration

Question 59

What factor contributed to the growth of union membership in the 1930s?

A) worker's militancy and the tactical skills of a new generation of leaders
B) the government's unsympathetic view of workers' rights
C) the minimal amount of labor unrest during the 1930s
D) the American Federation of Labor's willingness to organize unions of industrial workers
E) the United Auto Workers' opposition to sit-down strikes

Question 60

Which statement is true about the UAW sit-down strikes?

A) The Democratic governor used force against the workers.
B) The workers were disunited.
C) The workers failed to get General Motors to negotiate.
D) The workers stayed inside the plants and kept the machines in working order.
E) The UAW were the first to use sit-down tactics.

Question 61

The Indian New Deal:

A) significantly improved life on the reservations.
B) expanded the boarding-school system.
C) expanded the Dawes Act.
D) included the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.
E) included Social Security coverage for Indians.

Question 62

When Mary McLeod Bethune remarked that the New Deal offered African-Americans a new day, she:

A) was referring to the successful passage of a federal antilynching law.
B) expressed the hope for change despite continued discrimination in federal housing and employment.
C) was referring to the growing support for black rights in the South.
D) expressed her approval of New Deal policies regarding blacks.
E) was referring to expanded coverage for blacks under Social Security.

Question 63

Why did FDR try to change the balance on the Supreme Court?

A) He feared the Supreme Court might invalidate the Wagner and Social Security acts.
B) He was worried about being able to run for a third term as president.
C) He needed the Court's support for upcoming war measures against Germany.
D) He feared that the Supreme Court might invalidate the National Recovery Act or the Agricultural Adjustment Act.
E) He feared that the Supreme Court might deem sit-down strikes unconstitutional.

Question 64

The Scottsboro case:

A) reflected the racism that was prevalent in the South during the 1930s.
B) was refused a hearing by the Supreme Court.
C) was publicized by the Industrial Workers of the World.
D) established legal principles that greatly restricted the definition of civil liberties.
E) represented progress in the cause of civil rights for African Americans

Question 65

In the presidential election of 1936:

A) Roosevelt chose not to run again.
B) business leaders supported the Democratic Party.
C) the so-called New Deal coalition reelected FDR in a landslide.
D) the Republican candidate Alfred Landon promised to expand Social Security.
E) the Republican candidate Alfred Landon almost won.

Question 66

Which phrase best describes Eleanor Roosevelt's tenure as First Lady?

A) very traditional
B) modest goals, spoke softly about one or two appropriately feminine issues
C) championed the cause of children's health care, but stuck only to that issue
D) worked hard for her husband, as he was confined to the wheelchair, but did not take up any causes of her own
E) redefined the role of First Lady, championing women's rights, civil rights, and human rights

Question 67

In 1938, Congress established the House Un-American Activities Committee, which:

A) was part of the expanded notion of civil liberties under the New Deal.
B) subscribed to an expanded definition of "un-American" that included liberal Democrats and labor organizers.
C) was immediately vetoed by the president.
D) focused on racism in the South.
E) focused only on communists.

Question 68

The American Liberty League:

A) protested President Roosevelt's policies.
B) organized to fight for the release of the Scottsboro boys.
C) sought to prevent the black singer Marian Anderson from singing at Constitution Hall.
D) lobbied for the passage of the Lundeen Bill.
E) supported President Roosevelt's isolationist policies regarding foreign affairs.

Question 69

Under the New Deal, women:

A) were treated the same as men.
B) were excluded from all benefits.
C) played a more visible role in national politics.
D) were encouraged to work, even if married.
E) were universally covered by Social Security.

Question 70

Federal housing policy:

A) undermined racism.
B) expanded funding to integrated neighborhoods.
C) weakened the power of local governments.
D) reinforced residential segregation.
E) was part of the Social Security Act.

Question 71

Most historians argue that a recession reoccurred in 1937 because Roosevelt:

A) cut government spending.
B) increased government spending.
C) raised tariffs in the face of European competition.
D) was preoccupied with foreign affairs.
E) enacted a policy following Keynesian economics.

Question 72

Which group welcomed black members and advocated the passage of antilynching legislation and the return of voting rights to southern blacks?

A) the Republican Party
B) the Congress of Industrial Organizations
C) the American Liberty League
D) the Daughters of the American Revolution
E) the House Un-American Activities Committee

Question 73

In John Steinbeck's piece about the Dust Bowl, he explained that migrants were hated for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A) they were ignorant.
B) they carried disease.
C) they were allowed to organize into labor unions.
D) taxes tended to go up when they were around.
E) they were primarily immigrants.

Question 74

Under New Deal reform, African-Americans:

A) worked in integrated CCC camps.
B) benefited from the "southern veto."
C) were universally covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act.
D) passed a federal antilynching law.
E) were mostly excluded from Social Security benefits.

Question 75

Keynesian economics:

A) relied on limited government spending.
B) relied on large-scale government spending.
C) was based on maintaining a balanced budget.
D) was rejected by Roosevelt as unworkable.
E) focused on economic planning.

Question 76

What replaced liberty of contract as the judicial foundation of freedom by the end of the New Deal?

A) civil liberties
B) personal freedom
C) ownership of property
D) suffrage
E) Christian liberty

Question 77

Which statement about the Indian New Deal is FALSE?

A) It ended the policy of forced assimilation.
B) It allowed Indians cultural autonomy.
C) It continued the policy of the Dawes Act.
D) It replaced boarding schools with schools on reservations.
E) It failed to allow reservations access to irrigated water from the Grand Coulee Dam.

Question 78

Roosevelt's "Court-packing" plan:

A) was approved by Congress.
B) proposed moving the Supreme Court to New York City.
C) was considered by many to be one of his greatest political moves.
D) achieved nothing.
E) was criticized by many.

Question 79

The Fair Labor Standards Act instituted all of the following changes EXCEPT:

A) it banned goods produced by child labor from interstate commerce.
B) it established the fifty-hour workweek.
C) it set the minimum wage.
D) it required overtime pay.
E) it excluded domestic and agricultural workers from its protections.

Question 80

The Popular Front:

A) was the Democratic Party's campaign slogan in the 1930s.
B) was a conservative challenge to New Deal liberalism.
C) was a political and cultural movement associated with the Communist Party.
D) was created when the Communist Party was absorbed by the Democrats.
E) arose in response to the rise of fascism in America.