Deck 36: Emergency Trauma Surgery

Question 1

Consent for invasive procedures, including emergency surgery, is obtained from the patient if he or she is able, or from _____________________, according to hospital policy.

A) another person
B) responsible individuals
C) the parents
D) none of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

____________, a vascular failure caused by prolonged, severe blood loss, is the most common cause of mortality in trauma.

A) Hypothermia
B) Coagulopathy
C) Hemorrhagic shock
D) Metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Subnormal core body temperature for an extended period of time is known as __________.

A) metabolic acidosis
B) coagulopathy
C) hypothermia
D) hyperthermia

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Death from ______ is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States, and approximately 115,000 cases of _______ injury are treated each year.

A) firearms; firearm
B) stabbing; stabbing
C) trauma; trauma
D) motor vehicle accident; motor vehicle accident

Question 5

Clear _____________ is the pivot point of team efforts in an emergency.

A) teamwork
B) accuracy
C) preparation
D) communication

Question 6

The secondary survey is also known as __________.

A) occult injury
B) hospital care
C) clinical care
D) emergency care

Question 7

___________ is/are the leading cause(s) of death between the ages of 1 and 45 and the third leading cause of death in all age groups.

A) Motorcycle accidents
B) Motor vehicle accidents
C) Boating accidents
D) Trauma

Question 8

ATLS is __________.

A) Advanced Trauma Life System
B) Advanced Trauma Limited Support
C) Advanced Trauma Life Support
D) Advanced Trauma Limited System

Question 9

During a true surgical emergency, more so than in any other scenario, ___________ is key to a successful outcome for the patient.

A) teamwork
B) preparation
C) counting
D) instruments

Question 10

____________ is the process of restoring physiological balance in injury.

A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Hypothermia
C) Hyperthermia
D) Resuscitation

Question 11

The compensatory mechanisms in acute injury can lead to the condition called __________.

A) compartment syndrome
B) metabolic acidosis
C) hemorrhagic shock
D) hypothermia

Question 12

One goal of damage control surgery is to focus solely on lifesaving maneuvers, including all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A) control of feeding
B) control of hemorrhage
C) control of fecal spillage
D) relief of compartment syndrome

Question 13

Lower-than-normal blood pH is what condition?

A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Coagulopathy
C) Hypothermia
D) Hyperthermia

Question 14

Hospitals should have basic setups for __________.

A) craniotomy
B) bowel resection
C) replantation
D) vasovasostomy

Question 15

If the patient is stabilized in 12 to 48 hours, he or she can then be returned to surgery for a ____________ procedure.

A) follow-up
B) emergency
C) schedule
D) definitive

Question 16

____________ is/are treatment pathways in trauma surgery.

A) Signs and symptoms
B) Algorithms
C) Hemorrhagic shock
D) None of the above

Question 17

Copious amounts of _________ solution are often needed during trauma surgery.

A) drug
B) irrigation
C) heparin
D) coagulation

Question 18

Although the ability to respond quickly to the demand of surgery is important, so is _______________.

A) teamwork
B) accuracy
C) preparation
D) instruments

Question 19

To avoid having instrument sets opened but not used, specialty instruments can be placed on a __________ the operating room (OR) in the sterile core.

A) cart inside
B) cart outside
C) sterile uncovered Mayo stand in
D) sterile covered Mayo stand in

Question 20

When passing any instrument that will come in contact with a bullet, fragments, shrapnel, or other ballistic item, ensure that the _______ of the instrument are protected with rubber shod or completely covered with a sponge.

A) finger hold
B) ratchets
C) serrations
D) tips

Question 21

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Tearing of the atria or ventricles as a result of trauma

Question 22

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Evidence-based diagnosis of a medical problem using normal investigative procedures, such as imaging studies

Question 23

You are scrubbed in on an emergency case when the circulator tells you that all standardized ____________ procedures may be suspended in life-threatening situations.

A) surgical
B) count
C) aseptic
D) anesthetic

Question 24

The real potential for extending the patient's injuries exists during ___________ and _____________.

A) positioning; skin prep
B) moving; handling
C) induction; wake up
D) preoperative preparations; postoperative preparation

Question 25

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Injury that results in air in the pleural space causing displacement or collapse of the respiratory structures

Question 26

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Increased pressure in any compartment of the body

Question 27

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
A type of shock characterized by vascular failure resulting from severe bleeding

Question 28

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Pressure on the heart causing restriction and damage to the conduction system

Question 29

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
A protocol of ATLS in which ultrasound is used in a focus area to diagnose severe trauma

Question 30

You are called in on a motor vehicle accident; the patient is disoriented and scared. As a health care professional, it is important to provide some measure of _______ for the patient.

A) emotional comfort
B) distress relief
C) safety education
D) standard precaution

Question 31

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Trauma that results in deep tissue injury without rupture of the skin

Question 32

Postoperative serosanguinous pooling is controlled with wound _________.

A) drains
B) dressings
C) clamps
D) pins

Question 33

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Bruising

Question 34

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Surgery whose objective is to stop hemorrhage and prevent sepsis without attempting reconstruction or anatomical continuity

Question 35

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
A planned surgical procedure, usually with specific objectives for reconstruction or restoring continuity of anatomical structures

Question 36

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Condition in which the body's normal blood clotting mechanism ceases to function; characteristic in severe multitrauma

Question 37

Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
a.Blunt injury
b.Cardiac rupture
c.Cardiac tamponade
d.Coagulopathy
e.Compartment syndrome
f.Contusion
g.Damage control surgery
h.Definitive diagnosis
i.Definitive procedure
j.Exsanguinating
k.Flail chest
l.FAST
m.Hemorrhagic shock
n.Hemothorax
o.Metabolic acidosis
p.Occult injury
q.Penetrating injury
r.Pneumothorax
Hemorrhage with the potential to deplete the patient's total blood volume

Question 38

____________-based tissue sealants are used only if there is no coagulopathy present because these depend on an intact coagulation response.

A) Thrombin
B) Lidocaine
C) Heparin
D) Warfarin

Question 39

Normothermia is maintaining core body temperature __________.

A) at the absolute minimum that supports life.
B) as close to normal as possible.
C) as close to maximum as possible.
D) at 25 degrees Celsius.

Question 40

The term "up" means what during an emergency case?

A) Items are sterile and ready for use
B) On the Mayo ready for use
C) The patient's blood pressure is too high
D) The patient's heart rate is too high