Deck 16 (MC): The Digestive System

Question 1

The purpose of mechanical digestion is to:

A)change complex food molecules into simpler ones
B)change simple food molecules into complex ones
C)use food for energy production
D)break food into smaller pieces with more surface area

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Anterior to the spine and posterior to the trachea is the ___.

A)stomach
B)esophagus
C)pharynx
D)pancreas

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The alimentary tube extends from the:

A)esophagus to colon
B)pharynx to anus
C)mouth to anus
D)pharynx to colon

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The digestive organ that extends from the stomach to the colon is the:

A)pancreas
B)esophagus
C)liver
D)small intestine

Question 5

The organ that is encircled by the large intestine is the:

A)small intestine
B)pancreas
C)liver
D)gallbladder

Question 6

The processes of chemical digestion take place within the:

A)oral cavity,stomach,and colon
B)stomach and small intestine
C)oral cavity,stomach,and small intestine
D)small intestine and large intestine

Question 7

The liver is found mainly in the ___ abdominal quadrant.

A)upper right
B)upper left
C)lower right
D)lower left

Question 8

The purpose of chemical digestion is to:

A)change complex food molecules into simpler ones
B)change simple food molecules into complex ones
C)use food for energy production
D)break food into smaller pieces with more surface area

Question 9

The processes of chemical digestion take place within:

A)all parts of the alimentary tube
B)some parts of the alimentary tube
C)some parts of the alimentary tube and some accessory organs
D)some accessory organs

Question 10

The process of breaking food into smaller pieces with more surface area is called:

A)chemical digestion
B)energy digestion
C)cell respiration
D)mechanical digestion

Question 11

The digestive organ that encircles the small intestine within the abdominal cavity is the:

A)stomach
B)liver
C)colon
D)pancreas

Question 12

The esophagus is ___ to the trachea and ___ to the spine.

A)posterior/anterior
B)posterior/superior
C)anterior/posterior
D)anterior/superior

Question 13

Which of these organs is NOT part of the alimentary tube?

A)pancreas
B)colon
C)stomach
D)esophagus

Question 14

Which of these organs is NOT an accessory organ of digestion?

A)teeth
B)pharynx
C)gallbladder
D)salivary glands

Question 15

The pancreas is located between the ___ medially and the ___ laterally.

A)duodenum/ileum
B)spleen/jejunum
C)spleen/ileum
D)duodenum/spleen

Question 16

Which of these is NOT an example of mechanical digestion?

A)the action of the teeth and tongue
B)the action of pepsin on protein
C)contractions of the small intestine
D)the churning of the stomach

Question 17

The process of changing complex food molecules into simpler molecules is called:

A)chemical digestion
B)energy digestion
C)cell respiration
D)mechanical digestion

Question 18

The gallbladder is found on the ___ of the liver.

A)undersurface of the left lobe
B)upper surface of the left lobe
C)upper surface of the right lobe
D)undersurface of the right lobe

Question 19

The digestive organ that is between the duodenum and the spleen is the:

A)pancreas
B)esophagus
C)small intestine
D)liver

Question 20

The digestive organ that fills the upper right quadrant of the abdominal cavity is the:

A)colon
B)liver
C)stomach
D)pancreas

Question 21

The function of salivary amylase is to begin the digestion of:

A)fats
B)starches
C)proteins
D)cholesterol

Question 22

The end products of fat digestion are:

A)amino acids
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)fatty acids and glucose
D)monosaccharides

Question 23

Which of these end products of digestion is NOT absorbed by the capillary networks in the villi?

A)amino acids
B)minerals
C)vitamin C
D)vitamin D

Question 24

Which food is NOT paired with the proper end products of digestion?

A)fats - fatty acids and glycerol
B)carbohydrates - polysaccharides
C)proteins - amino acids
D)All of these pairs are correct.

Question 25

In the villi of the small intestine,glucose is absorbed into the:

A)lacteals in combination with bile salts
B)capillary networks by active transport
C)capillary networks by osmosis
D)lacteals by active transport

Question 26

The end products of carbohydrate digestion are:

A)monosaccharides
B)glycerol and fatty acids
C)starches
D)polysaccharides

Question 27

The end products of protein digestion are:

A)fatty acids
B)nucleic acids
C)amino acids
D)glycerol acids

Question 28

In the villi of the small intestine,water is absorbed into the:

A)capillary networks by active transport
B)lacteals in combination with bile salts
C)capillary networks by osmosis
D)lacteals by active transport

Question 29

Which of these is NOT an example of chemical digestion?

A)the action of lipase on fats
B)the action of trypsin on protein
C)the action of bile salts on fats
D)the action of amylase on starch

Question 30

Which statement is NOT true of the absorption of end products of digestion in the small intestine?

A)Nutrients are absorbed into either lacteals or capillary networks within the villi.
B)Water-soluble end products are absorbed into the capillary networks.
C)Fat-soluble end products are absorbed into the lacteals.
D)The blood from the lacteals travels first to the liver with its absorbed end products.

Question 31

The salivary glands located at the posterior corners of the lower jaw are the:

A)subpharyngeal glands
B)sublingual glands
C)submandibular glands
D)parotid glands

Question 32

Which of these end products of digestion is NOT absorbed by the lacteals in the villi?

A)sodium ions
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)vitamin E
D)vitamin A

Question 33

The part of saliva that digests starch to maltose is:

A)water
B)lysozyme
C)amylase
D)mucus

Question 34

The salivary glands that are located below the floor of the mouth are the:

A)subpharyngeal glands
B)sublingual glands
C)submandibular glands
D)parotid glands

Question 35

Which of these is NOT considered an end product of digestion?

A)minerals
B)vitamins
C)water
D)cellulose

Question 36

The part of saliva that dissolves food for tasting is:

A)water
B)lysozyme
C)amylase
D)mucus

Question 37

The function of salivary lysozyme is to:

A)begin the digestion of proteins
B)dissolve sugars
C)begin the emulsification of fats
D)inhibit the growth of bacteria

Question 38

The part of saliva that inhibits the growth of bacteria is:

A)water
B)lysozyme
C)amylase
D)mucus

Question 39

In the villi of the small intestine,fatty acids are absorbed into the:

A)lacteals in combination with bile salts
B)capillary networks by active transport
C)capillary networks by osmosis
D)lacteals by osmosis

Question 40

The salivary glands located just in front of the ears are the:

A)subpharyngeal glands
B)sublingual glands
C)submandibular glands
D)parotid glands

Question 41

The part of a tooth that anchors a tooth in its socket is the:

A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Question 42

The mucosa of the alimentary tube is responsible for:

A)secretion of enzymes and mucus
B)absorption
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for most of peristalsis

Question 43

Which of these is NOT a function of the tongue?

A)digestion of starch
B)chewing
C)taste
D)swallowing

Question 44

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Meissner's plexus to regulate secretions is the:

A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Question 45

The facial and glossopharyngeal cranial nerves are important for:

A)the sense of taste
B)secretion of saliva
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for movement of the tongue

Question 46

The part of a tooth that provides a hard chewing surface is the:

A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Question 47

The layer of the alimentary tube that produces digestive secretions is the:

A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Question 48

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Auerbach's plexus is the:

A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)serosa

Question 49

Which of these cranial nerves is NOT paired with its correct function?

A)hypoglossal - movement of the tongue
B)facial - taste
C)glossopharyngeal - secretion of saliva
D)facial - sensation in teeth

Question 50

The external muscle layer of the alimentary tube is responsible for:

A)peristalsis
B)mechanical digestion
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for some chemical digestion

Question 51

The hormone that decreases peristalsis is:

A)gastrin
B)secretin
C)cholecystokinin
D)epinephrine

Question 52

Which statement is NOT true of the teeth?

A)The pulp cavity contains blood vessels and branches of the trigeminal nerve.
B)A complete set of permanent teeth numbers 32.
C)A hard chewing surface is provided by dentine,which is similar to bone.
D)The teeth are found in sockets in the mandible and maxillae.

Question 53

Backup of food from the stomach to the esophagus is prevented by the:

A)upper esophageal sphincter
B)lower esophageal sphincter
C)gastric sphincter
D)pyloric sphincter

Question 54

The part of a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves is the:

A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Question 55

Which statement is NOT true of swallowing?

A)The pharynx contracts and propels food into the esophagus.
B)The tongue pushes the food toward the pharynx.
C)Peristalsis of the esophagus propels food toward the stomach.
D)The epiglottis is elevated to cover the nasopharynx.

Question 56

The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes:

A)as part of the swallowing reflex
B)as soon as swallowed food has reached the stomach
C)most of the time while the stomach is contracting
D)whenever swallowing is not taking place

Question 57

The layer of the alimentary tube that is responsible for peristalsis is the:

A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Question 58

The part of a tooth that forms the roots of a tooth is the:

A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Question 59

The trigeminal pair of cranial nerves is important for:

A)movement of the tongue
B)sensation in teeth
C)swallowing
D)all of these

Question 60

The function of the lower esophageal sphincter is to:

A)contract to permit food to enter the stomach
B)relax to prevent backup of food from the esophagus
C)relax to prevent backup of food into the esophagus
D)contract to prevent backup of food into the esophagus

Question 61

The lymph nodules of the small intestine are called:

A)Peyer's patches
B)L cells
C)pumpkin patches
D)LN cells

Question 62

The part of gastric juice that increases secretion of gastric juice is:

A)gastrin
B)pepsin
C)hydrochloric acid
D)intrinsic factor

Question 63

The function of the chief cells of the gastric mucosa is to secrete:

A)pepsinogen
B)hydrochloric acid
C)gastrin
D)intrinsic factor

Question 64

The function of the intrinsic factor in gastric juice is to:

A)begin the digestion of proteins
B)increase the secretion of gastric juice
C)promote the absorption of glucose by the small intestine
D)prevent the digestion of vitamin B12 by the stomach

Question 65

The layer of the alimentary tube that is a serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs is the:

A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Question 66

The organ of the alimentary tube that is a reservoir for gradual digestion is the:

A)oral cavity
B)esophagus
C)stomach
D)small intestine

Question 67

The part of gastric juice that protects the stomach lining is:

A)water
B)mucus
C)pepsin
D)gastrin

Question 68

The part of gastric juice that begins the digestion of protein is:

A)water
B)trypsin
C)pepsin
D)gastrin

Question 69

Meissner's plexus and Auerbach's plexus are part of the:

A)enteric nervous system
B)central nervous system
C)mesenteric nervous system
D)endoteric nervous system

Question 70

The part of gastric juice that converts pepsinogen to pepsin is:

A)mucus
B)hydrochloric acid
C)gastrin
D)intrinsic factor

Question 71

The Peyer's patches of the small intestine are:

A)bundles of smooth muscle where peristalsis is needed most
B)lymph nodules
C)the groups of epithelial cells that have microvilli
D)the parts of the mucosa with clusters of goblet cells

Question 72

The cranial nerves to the alimentary tube are the:

A)vagus nerves
B)accessory nerves
C)both A and B
D)neither,because there are no cranial nerves to the intestines

Question 73

The effect of sympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary tube is to:

A)increase peristalsis
B)decrease peristalsis
C)increase secretions
D)increase secretions and peristalsis

Question 74

The effect of parasympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary tube is to:

A)decrease peristalsis
B)decrease secretions
C)decrease secretions and peristalsis
D)increase peristalsis

Question 75

The serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is called the:

A)peritoneum
B)parietal pleura
C)mesentery
D)visceral pleura

Question 76

The function of the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa is to secrete:

A)pepsinogen
B)hydrochloric acid
C)gastrin
D)mucus

Question 77

The part of gastric juice that kills most bacteria that enter the stomach is:

A)trypsin
B)pepsin
C)lysozyme
D)hydrochloric acid

Question 78

The cells of the lymph nodules of the alimentary tube will:

A)phagocytize microbes that penetrate the mucosa
B)produce antibodies to microbes that penetrate the mucosa
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and help initiate immunity to such microbes

Question 79

The function of the enteric nervous system is to regulate:

A)the secretions and contractions of the alimentary tube
B)only the secretions of the entire digestive system
C)only the contractions of the alimentary tube
D)the secretions and contractions of the entire digestive system

Question 80

The function of the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa is to secrete:

A)pepsinogen
B)hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen
C)pepsin and intrinsic factor
D)hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor