Deck 16: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

What is the condensed formula of the compound shown below?

A)CH₃CO(CH₂)₃CH(CH₃)₂
B)CH₃OC(CH₂)₃CHCH₃CH₃
C)CH₃CO(CH₂)₃CHCH₃CH₃
D)CH₃OCCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

Answer 1

CH₃CO(CH₂)₃CH(CH₃)₂

Question 2

What product is formed when the compound below is oxidized with K₂Cr₂O₇?

A)
B)
C)
D)No reaction occurs.

Answer 2

Question 3

The compound shown below belongs to what class of compounds?

A)Alkane
B)Aldehyde
C)Ketone
D)Acetal
E)Carboxylic acid

Answer 3

Aldehyde

Question 4

What is the structure of 1-chloro-3-ethyl-2-heptanone?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 5

The Tollens reagent is which of the following?

A)K₂Cr₂O₇
B)H₂SO₄
C)Cl₂
D)Ag₂O in aqueous NH₄OH

Question 6

The compound shown below belongs to what class of compounds?

A)Alkane
B)Aldehyde
C)Ketone
D)Acetal
E)Carboxylic acid

Question 7

What is the common name of the compound shown below?

A)Benzene aldehyde
B)Benzaldehyde
C)Acetaldehyde
D)Phenone

Question 8

Which of the following represents the general condensed formula for an aldehyde?

A)RCOOH
B)RCHO
C)RCOR
D)RCOH
E)RCH₂OH

Question 9

Which compound has the greatest solubility in water?

A)CH₃(CH₂)₅CHO
B)CH₃(CH₂)₄COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CHO
D)The compounds all are equally soluble in water.

Question 10

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A)5-chloro-3-methylhexanal
B)2-chloro-4-methylhexanal
C)5-chloro-3-methyl-6-hexanal
D)2-chloro-4-methylhexanone
E)3-chloro-5-methylhexanone

Question 11

Which compound is an example of a ketone?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)None of the structures are ketones.

Question 12

Which compound is soluble in heptane,but not soluble in water?

A)(CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₅CHO
B)CH₃COCH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CHO
D)All of the compounds are soluble in both heptane and water.

Question 13

Which compound has the highest boiling point?

A)CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₃
B)CH₃(CH₂)₄CHO
C)CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂OH
D)All of the compounds have the same boiling point.

Question 14

Which compound will give a positive result in a Tollens test?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)More than one of the compounds will give a positive Tollens test result.

Question 15

Which compound(s)would give a positive Tollens test?

A)Alcohols
B)Aldehydes
C)Ketones
D)Carboxylic acids
E)Alcohols and aldehydes

Question 16

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A)Methyl hexyl ketone
B)6,6-dimethyl-2-hexanone
C)6-methyl-2-heptanone
D)2-methyl-6-heptanone

Question 17

Which is the structure of 3-bromo-2-methylbutanal?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 18

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A)1-pentanone
B)Cyclopentanone
C)Phenone
D)Cyclopentone

Question 19

What is the structure of 2-ethyl-4-methyloctanal?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 20

Which compound could be oxidized to form the carboxylic acid below?

A)CH₃(CH₂)₅CHO
B)
C)
D)

Question 21

What hemiacetal is formed in the reaction below?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 22

What is the acetal formed in the reaction below,if two equivalents of alcohol are used?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 23

What product is formed when the following molecule is treated with H₂ and a Pd catalyst?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 24

Which reactant would be needed to form the alcohol product CH₃CH₂CH₂OH by a reduction reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 25

What hemiacetal is formed in the reaction below?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 26

Which compound is a hemiacetal?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 27

What reaction does the coenzyme NADH,in the presence of an enzyme,facilitate?

A)The reduction of a carbonyl group to form a carboxylic acid
B)The reduction of a carbonyl group to form an alcohol
C)The reduction of a carboxylic acid to form a carbonyl group
D)The oxidation of a carbonyl group to form an alcohol
E)The oxidation of a carbonyl group to form a carboxylic acid

Question 28

Which compound is an acetal?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 29

What product is formed when the compound shown below is treated with Tollens reagent?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 30

The compound below is classified as what type of compound?

A)An acetal
B)A hemiacetal
C)An ether
D)An acetal and an ether

Question 31

The compound below is classified as what type of compound?

A)An acetal
B)A hemiacetal
C)An ether
D)A cyclic acetal
E)An acetal and an ether

Question 32

What is the product of the reduction of a ketone?

A)A primary alcohol
B)A secondary alcohol
C)A tertiary alcohol
D)A carboxylic acid
E)An ether

Question 33

Which reactant would be needed to form the alcohol product shown below by a reduction reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 34

What product is formed when the following molecule is treated with H₂ and a Pd catalyst?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 35

What hemiacetal is formed when the hydroxyl aldehyde shown below is cyclized?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 36

What acetal is formed when the compound shown below is treated with two equivalents of ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH)in the presences of H₂SO₄?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 37

What is the product of the reduction of an aldehyde?

A)A primary alcohol
B)A secondary alcohol
C)A tertiary alcohol
D)A carboxylic acid
E)An ether

Question 38

What products are formed when the acetal below is hydrolyzed with water and sulfuric acid?

A)
B)
C)HOCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ + 2 CH₃OH
D)

Question 39

A hemiacetal contains which two groups bonded to the same carbon atom?

A)An OH (hydroxyl)group and an OR (alkoxy)group
B)Two OH (hydroxyl)groups
C)Two OR (alkoxy)groups
D)An OH (hydroxyl)group and a C=O (carbonyl)group

Question 40

Which reagent can be used to reduce a ketone?

A)K₂Cr₂O₇
B)H₂SO₄
C)H₂ with Pd metal
D)Ag₂O in aqueous NH₄OH

Question 41

The following ketones play an important role in the tanning industry and are found in many commercial sunscreens. Which ketone is expected to be the most soluble in water and therefore the most readily washed off when an individual goes swimming?

A)
B)
C)
D)All would be expected to have the same solubility.

Question 42

What product results when cinnamaldehyde is reduced with excess H₂ in the presence of a Pd catalyst?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 43

What is the IUPAC name of the compound below?

A)4-chloro-3-pentyl-1-cyclohexone
B)4-chloro-3-pentylcyclohexanone
C)1-chloro-2-pentyl-4-cyclohexanone
D)4-chloro-3-pentylphenone

Question 44

The compound butanone does not need a number to specify the location of the carbonyl group on the carbon chain. Which statement best explains why?

A)The C=O is assumed to be on C-1 of the carbon chain if it is not specified.
B)The C=O can only be on C-2 of the carbon chain in this compound.
C)The location of the C=O does not need to be specified for a cyclic ketone.
D)The C=O is on an end carbon of the carbon chain.

Question 45

The compound decanal contributes to the odor and flavor of an orange. Which of the statements concerning the structure of decanal is incorrect?

A)Decanal is an aldehyde.
B)Decanal contains a saturated chain of ten carbons.
C)Decanal contains a carbonyl group on the first carbon of the carbon chain.
D)Decanal is an aromatic compound.

Question 46

What hydrolysis products are formed when the acetal (CH₃CH₂CH₂)₂C(OCH₂CH₃)₂ is treated with H₂SO₄ in H₂O?

A)(CH₃CH₂CH₂)₂CHOCH₂CH₃ + CH₃CH₂OH
B)(CH₃CH₂CH₂)₂CO + 2 CH₃CH₂OH
C)(CH₃CH₂CH₂)₂CHOH + 2 CH₃CH₂OH
D)CH₂(OCH₂CH₃)₂ + 2 CH₃CH₂CH₃

Question 47

Deoxyribose is a building block of DNA. Which statement concerning the functional groups present in deoxyribose,shown below,is incorrect?

A)It contains an acetal.
B)It contains an alcohol.
C)It contains a hemiacetal.
D)None of these choices are incorrect.

Question 48

What is the name of the compound below?

A)3-bromo-4-ethyl-2-methylbenzaldehyde
B)3-bromo-4-ethoxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde
C)1-bromo-2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-3-benzaldehyde
D)3-bromo-4-ethoxy-2-methoxyphenal

Question 49

What type of compound is shown below?

A)An epoxide
B)A cyclic hemiacetal
C)An aldehyde
D)A cyclic acetal

Question 50

What is the structure of 2-bromo-5-hydroxyheptanal?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 51

Salicin is a naturally occurring pain reliever isolated from the bark of willow trees. Which statement concerning the functional groups present in salicin is incorrect?

A)It contains an acetal.
B)It contains an alcohol.
C)It contains a hemiacetal.
D)It contains a phenol.

Question 52

Which of the following is the product of the reduction of acetone,shown below?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 53

What product results when cinnamaldehyde is oxidized?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 54

In the correct order,what are the three reactions that convert all-trans-retinal into 11-cis-retinal so that the process of vision can continue?

A)Reduction,Oxidation,Isomerization
B)Reduction,Isomerization,Oxidation
C)Oxidation,Isomerization,Reduction
D)Oxidation,Reduction,Isomerization

Question 55

What is the name of the compound below?

A)1-methoxy-3-methylbenzene
B)4-methoxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde
C)4-methoxy-2-methylacetophenone
D)5-methoxy-3-methyltoluene

Question 56

What type of compound is shown below?

A)An epoxide
B)A cyclic hemiacetal
C)An aldehyde
D)A cyclic acetal

Question 57

What is the name of the compound below?

A)3-chlorobenzenal
B)3-methanalchlorobenzene
C)M-chlorobenzaldehyde
D)P-chloroacetophenone

Question 58

What is the name of the compound below?

A)2-ethylbenzenone
B)2-ethylacetophenone
C)2-ethylacetobenzone
D)2-ethylphenone

Question 59

What is the structure of 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 60

The reduction of acetaldehyde is an important biochemical reaction. Which of the following is the product of its reduction?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 61

The reaction below illustrates oxidation of an aldehyde.

Question 62

When light hits the retina,the 11-cis double bond of 11-cis-retinal is isomerized to its more stable trans isomer,and the all-trans-retinal is formed.

Question 63

The reaction below illustrates oxidation by Tollens reagent.

Question 64

Ketones are not oxidized since they contain no H atom bonded to the carbonyl carbon.

Question 65

Vanillin,acetone,and formaldehyde are aldehydes.

Question 66

The reaction below illustrates oxidation by Tollens' reagent.

Question 67

When the hemiacetal below reacts with ethanol,what acetal is formed?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 68

The structure below contains both an acetal and hemiacetal.

Question 69

Triamcinolone acetonide (structure shown),a synthetic corticosteroid drug,contains an acetal.

Question 70

4,4-Dimethyl-2-hexanone is a ketone of molecular formula C₈H₁₆O that has six carbons in its longest chain.

Question 71

The carbohydrate glucose exists predominantly as a cyclic hemiacetal.

Question 72

11-cis-retinal is a ketone in the rod cells of the eye that is critical for vision.

Question 73

Acetals are stable molecules,but they can be converted back to aldehydes and ketones by treatment with acid and water.

Question 74

Acetals are ethers.

Question 75

Cyclic hemiacetals are converted to acetals by reaction with an alcohol.

Question 76

Aldehydes and ketones undergo addition reactions with alcohols (ROH)to form hemiacetals and acetals.

Question 77

Aldehydes and ketones undergo addition reactions with alcohols (ROH)to form hemiacetals and acetals.

Question 78

As is in the laboratory,the reduction of carbonyl groups in biological systems is accomplished using H₂ and Pd as a reducing agent.

Question 79

D-Glucose,shown below,will give a positive Tollens test.

Question 80

The compound below is an acetal.