Deck 18 (CO): The Urinary System

Question 1

The outer layer of kidney tissue is called the ______________________________.

Answer 1

renal cortex

Question 2

The inner layer of kidney tissue is called the ______________________________.

Answer 2

renal medulla

Question 3

The kidneys are cushioned by __________________ and are held in place by the ___________________.

Answer 3

fat,renal fascia

Question 4

The urinary bladder is posterior to the ________________________ bones.

Question 5

The female urethra is ___________________ to the vagina.

Question 6

In women,the vagina is _____________________ to the urethra,and the uterus is __________________ to the urinary bladder.

Question 7

The kidneys are retroperitoneal,which means they are _________________________________.

Question 8

The renal fascia is made of ____________________ tissue and its function is to ____________________.

Question 9

The kidneys are located __________________ to the diaphragm and _________________ to the spine.

Question 10

The ____________________ take urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder,and the _________________________ takes urine from the bladder to the exterior.

Question 11

The cavity on the medial side of a kidney is called the ___________________________.

Question 12

The term renal pyramids is another name for the _______________________________.

Question 13

A ureter extends from the ____________________ to the _______________________.

Question 14

The male urethra is enclosed by the _________________________ and _________________.

Question 15

The kidneys are located _________________ to the spine,___________________ to the diaphragm,and _______________________ to the peritoneum.

Question 16

In women,the urinary bladder is _________________________ to the uterus.

Question 17

The urethra extends from the _______________________ to the _______________________.

Question 18

The cavity on the medial side of a kidney is formed by the expansion of the ______________ within the kidney and is called the ______________________.

Question 19

The renal cortex is the ___________________ layer of kidney tissue,and the renal medulla is the _______________________ layer.

Question 20

In men,the urinary bladder is directly superior to the ___________________________.

Question 21

The renal medulla is made of _____________________________ and ________________________________ (parts of a nephron).

Question 22

In the kidney,the renal pelvis empties urine into the _______________________.

Question 23

The two major parts of a nephron are the ______________________ and ____________________________.

Question 24

The inner layer of the Bowman's capsule is made of cells called ________________________,which make this layer very ___________________________.

Question 25

The function of the nephrons of a kidney is to form __________________ from __________________.

Question 26

In the kidney,calyces are part of the __________________________.

Question 27

In the kidney,the calyces are part of the ____________________ and enclose the tips of the ______________________.

Question 28

Urine is formed from ________________________ by the _____________________ of the kidneys.

Question 29

A Bowman's capsule has ______________ layers,and the layer that is very permeable is the ___________________ layer.

Question 30

The energy for renal filtration is provided by _____________________________.

Question 31

A renal corpuscle and a renal tubule are the two major parts of a(n)_______________________.

Question 32

The renal cortex is made of __________________________ and __________________________ (parts of a nephron).

Question 33

A renal corpuscle consists of a(n)____________________ and _________________________.

Question 34

The purpose of urine formation is to excrete ____________________________,and to regulate the ______________________ and ___________________ of the blood.

Question 35

In the kidney,renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules are located in the _____________________.

Question 36

In the kidney,the renal pelvis has funnel-shaped extensions called ______________________.

Question 37

The nephrons of the kidneys form _________________,and thereby regulate and maintain the ______________________ and _____________________ of the blood.

Question 38

A glomerulus is a network of _______________________,and is surrounded by a _______________________.

Question 39

In the kidney,loops of Henle and collecting tubules are located in the ________________________.

Question 40

In the kidneys,the process of filtration takes place from the ________________________ to the ____________________________.

Question 41

In tubular reabsorption,glucose is reabsorbed by the process of _______________________.

Question 42

In the proximal convoluted tubule,the surface area of the cells is increased by the presence of _____________________________.

Question 43

In the process of glomerular filtration,_________________ and __________________ will not become part of renal filtrate.

Question 44

The general purpose of tubular reabsorption is to return _________________________ to the __________________________.

Question 45

The threshold level of the kidney tubules refers to the _______________________ amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed.

Question 46

In the kidneys,the processes of reabsorption and secretion take place in the _____________________ portion of the nephron.

Question 47

In tubular reabsorption,vitamins are reabsorbed by the process of ____________________.

Question 48

The process of glomerular filtration is selective in terms of the __________________ of the materials in the blood.

Question 49

Movement of substances from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule takes place by the process of ________________________.

Question 50

In tubular reabsorption,positive ions are reabsorbed by the process of _________________.

Question 51

In tubular reabsorption,water is reabsorbed by the process of ____________________.

Question 52

In the kidney,tubular reabsorption takes place from the __________________ to the _________________________.

Question 53

In tubular reabsorption,amino acids are reabsorbed by the process of __________________.

Question 54

Movement of substances from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule takes place by the process of _________________________,the energy for which is provided by ____________________.

Question 55

In tubular reabsorption,small proteins are reabsorbed by the process of _________________.

Question 56

In the process of tubular secretion,substances are moved from the _____________________ to the _________________________.

Question 57

In the kidney,the renal tubules are surrounded by the _____________________________.

Question 58

In the process of glomerular filtration,_______________,_________________,and ____________________ may become part of renal filtrate.

Question 59

The maximum amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is called the ________________________________.

Question 60

In tubular reabsorption,negative ions are reabsorbed by the process of __________________.

Question 61

In the glomerulus,blood pressure is high because the ____________________ arteriole has a smaller diameter than the _________________________ arteriole.

Question 62

In the process of tubular secretion,___________________ and ____________________ may be excreted.

Question 63

In the kidneys,the effect of ADH is to ______________________________.

Question 64

In the kidneys,the hormone that increases the excretion of potassium ions is ________________________.

Question 65

The renal vein carries blood to the ________________________________.

Question 66

In the kidneys,the hormone that increases the excretion of sodium ions and water is _______________________.

Question 67

In the kidneys,the hormone that increases the reabsorption of sodium ions and water is ___________________________.

Question 68

The process of tubular secretion may include the nitrogenous waste product ____________________.

Question 69

If ADH secretion decreases,more ___________________ will be excreted in urine.

Question 70

In the kidneys,the hormone that increases the reabsorption of calcium ions is ______________________.

Question 71

In the kidney,urine formation depends upon blood flow from the afferent arteriole to the ________________________,then to the ___________________________________ and ___________________________________.

Question 72

In the glomerulus,blood pressure is high because the efferent arteriole has a ________________________ than the afferent arteriole.

Question 73

In the kidneys,two hormones that increase the reabsorption of water are _________________ and _______________________.

Question 74

The two sets of capillaries in the kidneys are the __________________________ and the ________________________,and filtration takes place in the ________________________.

Question 75

If aldosterone secretion decreases,more _____________________ ions will be present in urine.

Question 76

The renal artery is a branch of the _______________________.

Question 77

In the kidneys,the hormone that directly increases the reabsorption of water is ______________________.

Question 78

The kidneys respond to increased acidity of the blood by excreting _________________ ions.

Question 79

If aldosterone secretion decreases,more ______________________ ions will be present in urine and more ________________________ ions will remain in the blood.

Question 80

In the kidneys,the hormone that increases the reabsorption of sodium ions is _____________________,and the hormone that increases the secretion of sodium ions is ______________________.