Deck 10: Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Question 1

A molecule has the following IUPAC name: 1-hexyne.What does this name mean?

A) The molecule is an unbranched six-carbon alkane.
B) The molecule is a branched six-carbon alkane.
C) The molecule is an unbranched six-carbon alkene.
D) The molecule is a branched six-carbon alkyne.
E) The molecule is an unbranched six-carbon alkyne.

Answer 1

The molecule is an unbranched six-carbon alkyne.

Question 2

Benzene is not classified as an alkene.Why?

A) It does not have 120° bond angles.
B) It actually contains three double bonds, not just one.
C) It is flat.
D) It is more stable and unreactive than an alkene.
E) Actually, benzene is classified as an alkene.

Answer 2

It is more stable and unreactive than an alkene.

Question 3

Which pair(s)of molecules below are neither isomers nor conformers?

A) pair 1
B) pair 2
C) pair 3
D) pair 4
E) These are all either isomers or conformers.

Answer 3

pair 3

Question 4

Which skeletal line structure BEST represents the Lewis structure below?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 5

Which food should be avoided in order to limit the consumption of saturated fat?

A) whole milk
B) cheese
C) ice cream
D) red meat
E) All of the above should be avoided.

Question 6

Which structure is the BEST condensed structural formula for the Lewis structure given below?

A) CH₃CH₃CHCH₂CH₃
B) C-C-C-C-C
C)
D)
E)

Question 7

A cyclohexane molecule and a benzene molecule are illustrated below.Which statement describing the relationship between benzene and cyclohexane is true? I.Benzene and cyclohexane have different molecular formulas. II.Benzene and cyclohexane are both flat.
III)Benzene and cyclohexane have different C-C bond lengths.
IV)Benzene is more flexible than cyclohexane

A) Only I is true.
B) I and III are true.
C) I, II, and III are true.
D) I and IV are true.
E) All of the statements are true.

Question 8

Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that

A) are biologically important.
B) contain oxygen.
C) make up living things.
D) are not harmful to the environment.
E) contain carbon.

Question 9

Which pair of compounds are geometric isomers?

A)
B) HC≡CCH₃ CH₃C≡CH
C)
D)
E)

Question 10

Which terms from this list BEST describe the following compound? I.Alkane
II.Alkene
III.Alkyne
IV.Aromatic
V.Saturated hydrocarbon
VI.Unsaturated hydrocarbon

A) I and V
B) II and VI
C) III and VI
D) II and V
E) III and V

Question 11

Which is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A) C₃H₆
B) C₆H₆
C) C₄H₆
D) C₄H₁₀
E) C₂H₄

Question 12

Which compound has the lowest boiling point?

A) CH₄
B) H₂O
C) NH₃
D) CH₂O
E) CH₃OH

Question 13

Which of the following compounds is a valid Lewis structure of a hydrocarbon?

A) All of these compounds are valid structures of hydrocarbons.
B) I, II, and IV are valid structures of hydrocarbons.
C) III and IV are valid structures of hydrocarbons.
D) Only III is a valid structure of hydrocarbons.
E) Only IV is a valid structure of hydrocarbons.

Question 14

What is the IUPAC name of this hydrocarbon?

A) trans-5-methyl-2-heptene
B) cis-5-ethyl-2-hexene
C) trans-3-methyl-5-heptene
D) cis-2-ethyl-5-hexene
E) trans-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-butene

Question 15

What is the IUPAC name of the following branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) trans-4-methyl-4-methyl-2-pentene
B) cis-2-methyl-2-methyl-3-pentene
C) cis-4,4-dimethyl-2-pentene
D) trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-pentene
E) cis-4,4,4-trimethyl-2-propene

Question 16

What is the name of the following cycloalkane?

A) pentane
B) cyclopentane
C) butane
D) cyclobutane
E) cycloalkane

Question 17

Why do saturated fats have higher melting points than unsaturated fats?

A) Saturated fats stack better than unsaturated fats and therefore have more dispersion forces between them.
B) Saturated fats stack better than unsaturated fats and therefore have fewer dispersion forces between them.
C) Unsaturated fats stack better than saturated fats and therefore have more dispersion forces between them.
D) Unsaturated fats stack better than saturated fats and therefore have fewer dispersion forces between them.
E) Actually, saturated fats have lower melting points than unsaturated fats.

Question 18

Which of the following structure(s)is represented by the following IUPAC name 4-ethyl-2-methylheptane?

A) II only
B) I and II
C) I, II, and IV
D) II and III
E) All of these are 4-ethyl-2-methylheptane.

Question 19

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

A) 2,4-cyclopentylhexane
B) 1-ethyl-6-methylcyclooctane
C) ethylmethylcyclooctane
D) 1,3-ethylmethylcyclohexane
E) 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclooctane

Question 20

Which pair of molecules are geometric isomers?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 21

Aspirin contains a benzene ring substituted on the first and second carbon.Which molecule is aspirin?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) All of the above are aspirin molecules.

Question 22

Which molecule is a polyene?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) All of these molecules are polyenes.

Question 23

How many hydrogen atoms are attached to the carbons indicated below?

A) C1: 2 C2: 0
B) C1: 0 C2: 2
C) C1: 1 C2: 1
D) C1: 0 C2: 1
E) C1: 1 C2: 0

Question 24

Which statement about organic molecules is FALSE?

A) Most medications are organic compounds.
B) Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.
C) Many organic compounds contain heteroatoms.
D) Organic compounds can only be produced by living organisms.
E) Lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins are organic compounds.

Question 25

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

A) methylcyclopentane
B) 2-cyclohexane
C) cyclohexane
D) ethylcyclobutane
E) 1-ethylcyclobutane

Question 26

Ethynyl estradiol, a synthetic hormone, is a common component of birth control pills.What is the angle of the C-C-O bond indicated with the arrow?

A) 45°
B) 90°
C) 109.5°
D) 120°
E) 180°

Question 27

Which skeletal line structure has the molecular formula C₅H₈?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) None of these structures has the molecular formula C₅H₈.

Question 28

An alkene has _______ a saturated hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atom.

A) two more hydrogen atoms than
B) one more hydrogen atom than
C) the same number of hydrogen atoms as
D) one fewer hydrogen atom than
E) two fewer hydrogen atoms than

Question 29

Which compound is an inorganic carbon compound?

A) CH₄O
B) CH₄
C) CO₂
D) NH₃
E) CH₂O

Question 30

In which of the following statements is the hydrocarbon correctly described by its bonding to carbon?

A) alkyne: three single bonds and one triple bond
B) alkane: three, four or five single bonds
C) alkene: one double bond and two single bonds
D) alkyne: one single bond and three triple bonds
E) aromatic: two single bonds and two double bonds

Question 31

What is the IUPAC name of the following hydrocarbon?

A) propane
B) pentane
C) butane
D) hexane
E) ethane

Question 32

A molecule has the molecular formula C₅H₁₀.This molecule could be a(n)______ or a(n)_____.

A) alkane; alkyne
B) alkane; cycloalkane
C) alkene; alkyne
D) alkene; cycloalkane
E) alkene; alkane

Question 33

Which of the following condensed structures are branched and which are straight chains?

A) branched: II straight chain: I and III
B) branched: I and III straight chain: II
C) branched: II and III straight chain: I
D) branched: III straight chain: I and II
E) branched: I and II straight chain: III

Question 34

The following structure is a poor representation of benzene.What is wrong with it?

A) Benzene does not have six sides.
B) Benzene is not flat.
C) Benzene is never represented with three double bonds and three single bonds.
D) Benzene does not have the molecular formula C₆H₆.
E) The bonds in benzene should all be the same length.

Question 35

What is the IUPAC name of this hydrocarbon?

A) 5-methylheptane
B) 3-methylheptane
C) 2-ethylhexane
D) 5-ethylhexane
E) 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-butane

Question 36

What type of change is illustrated in the reaction of rhodopsin in the presence of light shown below?

A) a physical change
B) a conformational change
C) an isomerization reaction
D) rotation about a bond as a result of free bond rotation
E) None of these are illustrated.

Question 37

Which of the following structures represent benzene?

A) II and IV
B) I, II, and IV
C) III and V
D) all of them except V
E) All of them represent benzene.

Question 38

Which of the following definition BEST describes structural isomers?

A) They are molecules with different atom connectivity.
B) They are molecules with the same molecular formula and the atom connectivity.
C) They are molecules with the same physical properties.
D) They are molecules that have the same molecular formula but different atom connectivity.
E) They are molecules that differ by carbon-carbon bond rotation.

Question 39

Which pair(s)of molecules below are conformers?

A) pairs 1, 3, and 4
B) pairs 2 and 4
C) pairs 2 and 3
D) pair 2 only
E) pair 4 only

Question 40

Which statement about aromatic rings is FALSE?

A) Aromatic rings are very common.
B) Aromatic rings are found in many pharmaceuticals.
C) Aromatic rings are highly reactive.
D) Aromatic rings are flat (planar).
E) Aromatic rings are stable.

Question 41

What is the name of the following branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) 1,2,3-trimethyl-4-hexyne
B) 4,5-dimethyl-2-heptyne
C) 3,4-dimethyl-5-heptyne
D) 5-ethyl-4-methyl-2-hexyne
E) 2-propynyl-3-methylpentane

Question 42

What is the IUPAC name of the following hydrocarbon?

A) cycloheptene
B) heptane
C) hexyne
D) cyclohexene
E) cycloheptyne

Question 43

Which statement BEST describes the difference(s)between structures I and II in this reaction of rhodopsin in the presence of light? I.Structure II is more linear than structure I. II.Structure I is more linear than structure II.
III)A cis double bond in structure I has been converted to a trans double bond in structure II.
IV)A trans double bond in structure I has been converted to a cis double bond in structure II.

A) All of these statements are true.
B) I and IV are true.
C) II and IV are true.
D) I and III are true.
E) II and III are true.

Question 44

Which of these structures below are conformers?

A) I and II
B) I and IV
C) I, III, and IV
D) I and III
E) All of these are conformers.

Question 45

What are the locator number(s)and substituent name(s)for this branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) 3-methyl
B) 2-ethyl
C) 1-ethyl-1-methyl
D) 5-ethyl
E) 5-methyl

Question 46

Which of the molecules below are branched?

A) I only
B) II and IV
C) II, III, and IV
D) I and III
E) All of these molecules are branched.

Question 47

Which of the following hydrocarbons are branched and which are straight chains?

A) All of these hydrocarbons are branched.
B) All of these hydrocarbons are branched except II.
C) All of these hydrocarbons are straight chains except III.
D) I and III are branched, and II and IV are straight chains.
E) II, III, and IV are straight chains and I is branched.

Question 48

What is the name of the parent chain of the hydrocarbon below?

A) butene
B) hexane
C) hexene
D) heptane
E) heptene

Question 49

What is the IUPAC name of the following branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) trans-2-ethyl-2-propylpropane
B) 3,3-dimethylhexane
C) 3-ethyl-3,3-dimethylpropane
D) 2-ethyl-2-methylpentane
E) 2-propyl-2-methylbutane

Question 50

What happens in the retina as a result of the change illustrated in the reaction of rhodopsin in the presence of light?

A) Nothing happens.
B) The retina is damaged.
C) A signal is sent to the brain that light is detected.
D) A signal is sent to the spinal cord to react to the light.
E) The retina makes more protein.

Question 51

Which compound is an inorganic compound?

A) CH₄O
B) CH₄
C) CO₂
D) NH₃
E) CH₂O

Question 52

What is the molecular shape around the carbon indicated with an arrow? ​

A) linear
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) tetrahedral
D) bent
E) trigonal planar

Question 53

What is the parent chain name of the hydrocarbon below?

A) butane
B) hexane
C) methane
D) ethane
E) heptane

Question 54

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the following two structures?

A) They are identical molecules in the same conformation.
B) They have different molecular formulas.
C) They are isomers.
D) They are different conformations of the same molecule.
E) One is saturated, and the other is unsaturated.

Question 55

How many hydrogens are bonded to the carbons with the arrows pointing to them?

A) carbon 1: 0 carbon 2: 0
B) carbon 1: 0 carbon 2: 2
C) carbon 1: 1 carbon 2: 2
D) carbon 1: 4 carbon 2: 4
E) It is not possible to tell given the skeletal line structure.

Question 56

What is the C-C-C bond angle indicated by the arrow in limonene, one of the components of oil of lemon?

A) 180°
B) 120°
C) 109.5°
D) 90°
E) 45°

Question 57

A compound with the molecular formula C_nH_2n+2 is called a(n)______or a ______.

A) alkane; saturated hydrocarbon
B) alkane; unsaturated hydrocarbon
C) alkene; saturated hydrocarbon
D) alkene; unsaturated hydrocarbon
E) alkene; alkyne

Question 58

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the following two structures?

A) They are identical molecules in the same conformation.
B) They have different molecular formulas.
C) They are isomers.
D) They are different conformations of the same molecule.
E) One is saturated, and the other is unsaturated.

Question 59

Arrange the molecules from lowest to highest boiling point.

A) I < II < III
B) II < III < I
C) III < II < I
D) II < I < III
E) III < I < II

Question 60

For naming purposes, on which carbon is the double bond located in this branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 61

Which structure is the condensed structural formula of 1-hexene?

A) CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₂CH₃
B) CH₂=CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C) CH₃=CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D) CH₃CH₂=CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
E) CH₃CH₂CH=CHCH₂CH₃

Question 62

What is the molecular formula of hexane?

A) C₂H₆
B) C₃H₈
C) C₄H₁₀
D) C₅H₁₂
E) C₆H₁₄

Question 63

Which skeletal line structure best represents 2-butyne?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 64

Which structure is nonane?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 65

Which of the following structures is a branched-chain hydrocarbon?

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II
E) II and III

Question 66

Which condensed structure BEST represents the skeletal line structure below?

A)
B)
C)
D) ​
E)

Question 67

Which of the following compounds contains a heteroatom?

A) All of these compounds contain a heteroatom.
B) I and II contain a heteroatom.
C) III and IV contain a heteroatom.
D) Only III contains a heteroatom.
E) I, II, and III contain a heteroatom.

Question 68

Ethynyl estradiol, a synthetic hormone, is a common component of birth control pills.Which bond in ethynyl estradiol is an alkyne?

A) bond A
B) bond B
C) bond C
D) bond D
E) bonds A and C

Question 69

Are the following two molecules structural isomers?

A) No, because they do not have the same molecular formula.
B) Yes, because they have the same molecular formula but different structures.
C) Yes, because they have the same number of carbons.
D) Yes, because they do not have the same molecular formula.
E) No, because only one is branched.

Question 70

Which of the following statements describes why "good fats" are considered good and "bad fats" are considered bad? I.A diet high in saturated fat can result in heart disease.
II)A diet high in unsaturated fat can result in type 2 diabetes.
III)A diet high is trans fats can result in a decreased risk of cancer.
IV)A diet high in unsaturated fats can result in a decreased risk of cancer.

A) All of these statements are true.
B) I and II are true.
C) I, III, and IV are true.
D) I and IV are true.
E) II and III are true.

Question 71

Which of these structures below have the same physical properties?

A) I and II
B) I and IV
C) I, III, and IV
D) I and III
E) All of these have the same physical properties.

Question 72

Which of the following skeletal line structures represent the same molecule?

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I, II, IV, and V
D) IV and V
E) II, IV, and V

Question 73

Which skeletal line structure is the same molecule as the ball-and-stick model below?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 74

In which of the following choices are the alkenes correctly labeled?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 75

Which element is NOT a heteroatom?

A) carbon
B) sulfur
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorous

Question 76

Below is an illustrated a molecule of butane.Which of the given choices is another molecule of butane in a different conformation? Assume that all atoms in each are visible.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 77

What is the molecular formula of cyclobutane?

A) C₃H₆
B) C₃H₈
C) C₄H₁₀
D) C₄H₈
E) C₆H₁₄

Question 78

Identify the substituents and the parent chain of the following molecule.

A) substituent: ethyl and propyl parent chain: hexane
B) substituent: ethyl and propyl parent chain: heptane
C) substituent: propyl parent chain: hexane
D) substituent: ethyl parent chain: heptane
E) substituent: ethyl parent chain: hexane

Question 79

Which of the following compounds is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A) I only
B) I and II
C) IV only
D) III and IV
E) All of these are saturated hydrocarbons.

Question 80

How do IUPAC names differ from the brand names of pharmaceuticals?

A) IUPAC names are systematic, and brand names are not.
B) Brand names are systematic, and IUPAC names are not.
C) IUPAC names are usually shorter than brand names.
D) Brand names are not used as frequently as IUPAC names.
E) IUPAC names do not follow a set of rules like brand names do.