Deck 18: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Question 1

In a polynucleotide, what hydroxyl position is linked to the 5' position of 2-deoxyribose?

A) 1'
B) 2'
C) 3'
D) 4'
E) 5'

Answer 1

3'

Question 2

Caffeine is a (an)

A) indole.
B) porphyrin.
C) purine.
D) pyrimidine.
E) imidazole.

Answer 2

purine.

Question 3

What is the major difference between RNA and DNA?

A) sugars are different
B) different number of phosphates
C) different purines
D) all of these
E) none of these

Answer 3

sugars are different

Question 4

Which carbon atom is the anomeric carbon?

A) 1'
B) 2'
C) 3'
D) 4'
E) 5'

Question 5

What is the name of the base in the following nucleotide?

A) thymine
B) adenine
C) guanine
D) cytosine
E) uracil

Question 6

What is the correct abbreviation used for the following molecule?

A) dAMP
B) dCMP
C) dGMP
D) dTMP
E) TMP

Question 7

What is the structure of the sugar in RNA?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 8

What structural units are present in a nucleoside?

A) a sugar
B) a base
C) a phosphate
D) a and b
E) all of these

Question 9

Which of the following structures is the $\beta$ -N-glycoside of 2-deoxyribose-D-ribose and dimethylamine?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 10

What is the correct abbreviation of the following coenzyme?

A) NADH
B) NADP
C) FAD
D) NADPH
E) FADH

Question 11

Which of the following structures is $\beta$ -2-deoxy-D-ribose?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 12

Which statement(s) is/are false relative to the secondary structure of DNA?

A) DNA consists of two helical polynucleotide chains coiled around a common axis.
B) The helices are left handed and the two strands run in same directions relative to their 3'and 5' ends.
C) The two chains are held together by hydrogen bonds between purine and pyrimidine bases.
D) The purine and pyrimidine bases lie inside the helix, in planes perpendicular to the helical axis; the deoxyribose and phosphate groups form the outside of the helix.
E) There is no restriction on the sequence of bases along a polynucleotide chain.The exact sequence carries the genetic information.

Question 13

What structural units are present in a nucleotide?

A) a phosphate
B) a heterocyclic base
C) a sugar
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 14

What is a correct abbreviation for the following nucleotide?

A) AMP
B) ADP
C) ATP
D) cAMP
E) NADP

Question 15

One strand of DNA has the following sequence of bases: 5' GTACCGTT 3'.What is the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

A) 3' TGCAGCTT 5'
B) 3' CATGGCAA 5'
C) 3' CGCAATGG 5'
D) 3' ACCGGACC 5'
E) 3' ACGTTACC 5'

Question 16

Which base is NOT present in DNA but is present in RNA?

A) adenine
B) cytosine
C) uracil
D) guanine
E) thymine

Question 17

What is the name of the following nucleotide?

A) DNA
B) 2'-deoxyribose adenine monophosphate
C) AMP
D) 2'-deoxyadenosine monophosphate
E) adenosine monophosphate

Question 18

The structure below represents a

A) nucleic acid.
B) nucleoside.
C) glycoside.
D) nucleotide.
E) riboside.

Question 19

Which of the following nucleotides is ATP?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 20

Which of the following structures is a pyrimidine?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 21

The most basic nitrogen in caffeine is:

A) N-1
B) N-2
C) N-3
D) N-4
E) all of the nitrogens are equally basic

Question 22

What helical conformation of DNA is the most predominant form?

A) A
B) B
C) Z
D) E
E) there is no predominant form

Question 23

A polyribonucleotide was prepared from the tetranucleotide UAUC.When it was subjected to peptide-synthesizing conditions, the polypeptide, Tyr-Leu-Ser-Ile, was obtained.What is the codon for Ser?

A) UAU
B) AUC
C) UCU
D) CUA
E) UUC

Question 24

A polyribonucleotide prepared from the tetranucleotide AUAC, when subjected to peptide synthesizing conditions, gave the polypeptide Ile-His-Thr-Tyr.A codon for Threonine (Thr) must be

A) AUA
B) AAU
C) UAC
D) CAU
E) ACA

Question 25

When dAMP is hydrolyzed with acid, the organic products are:

A) ribose and adenine
B) deoxyribose and adenine
C) ribose and cytosine amide
D) deoxyribose and cytosine amide
E) none of these

Question 26

If the sequence in a strand of DNA is 5' AGCCATGT 3'
The complementary DNA strand will be

A) 5' TCGGTACA 3'
B) 5' GATTGCAC 3'
C) 3' TCGGTACA 5'
D) 3' GATTGCAC 5'
E) 3' TGTACCGA 5'

Question 27

Transfer RNAs

A) exist as a double helix.
B) form base pairs with messenger RNA during protein biosynthesis.
C) catalyze DNA transcription.
D) exist solely as $\beta$ -sheets.
E) contain 2-deoxyribose as a backbone component.

Question 28

Upon hydrolysis which biologically important nucleotide releases the most energy?

A) AMP
B) ADP
C) ATP
D) NAD
E) NADP

Question 29

A polyribonucleotide was prepared from the tetranucleotide UAUC.When it was subjected to peptide-synthesizing conditions, the polypeptide, Tyr-Leu-Ser-Ile, was obtained.What is the codon for Tyr?

A) UAU
B) AUC
C) UCU
D) CUA
E) UUC

Question 30

The structural arrangement of DNA is

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 31

The heterocyclic compounds guanine (G) and cytosine (C) form base pairs in DNA via how many hydrogen bonds?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 32

If the sequence in a strand of DNA is 5' TCGACGAGC 3'
The complementary mRNA strand will be

A) 3' AGCUGCUCG 5'
B) 3' UGCTGCTCG 5'
C) 3' AGUTGTUG 5'
D) 5' UGCTGCTCG 3'
E) 5' AGCUGCUCG 3'

Question 33

Which ring of NAD, below, is reduced to produce NADH?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 34

If the mRNA codon was CUCUCUCUC, what amino acids would be present in the tripeptide?

A) Phe-Ser-Leu
B) Ser-Phe-Ser
C) Leu-Phe-Leu
D) Leu-Ser-Leu
E) Phe-Ser-Phe

Question 35

The interaction responsible for base-pairing in nucleic acids is:

A) disulfide bridges.
B) phosphate bonding.
C) hydrogen bonding.
D) mutarotation.
E) oligomerization.

Question 36

What is the usual group present on the 5' terminal nucleotide of mRNA?

A) an amide
B) a monophosphate
C) a diphosphate
D) a triphosphate
E) an alcohol

Question 37

The heterocyclic compounds adenine (A) and thymine (T) form base pairs in DNA via how many hydrogen bonds?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 38

The sugar-phosphate backbone of RNA:

A) is negatively charged at pH 7
B) contains the pentose ribose
C) forms ionic complexes with ammonium salts at pH 7
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 39

A polynucleotide was made from the dinucleotide, UA.Based on the previous problem, only one amino acid can be identified.What is that amino acid?

A) Ile
B) Tyr
C) Leu
D) Ser
E) none can be identified

Question 40

The process that converts DNA into mRNA is called

A) translation.
B) transcription.
C) translocation.
D) protein biosynthesis.
E) transformation.

Question 41

The product(s) of the following is (are):

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)