Deck 56: Placenta

Question 1

The primary cause of placentomegaly is which one of the following abnormalities?

A) Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
B) Battledore placenta
C) Maternal diabetes
D) Intrauterine infection

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The maternal side of the placenta is the decidua ______________.

A) frondosum
B) capsularis
C) basalis
D) parietalis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The velamentous placenta refers to a(n):

A) insertion of the umbilical cord at the margin of the placenta.
B) insertion of the umbilical cord near the edge of the placenta.
C) arteriovenous anastomosis of the vessels within the placenta.
D) membranous insertion of the cord.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The placenta performs all of the following functions except:

A) protection.
B) absorption.
C) nutrition.
D) respiration.

Question 5

The decidual reaction that changes in the endometrium opposite the site of implantation is which one of the following?

A) Decidua basalis
B) Decidua capsularis
C) Decidua frondosum
D) Decidua vera

Question 6

The presence of one or more accessory lobes connected to the body of the placenta by blood vessels is a ______________ placenta.

A) circumvallate
B) succenturiate
C) circummarginate
D) battledore

Question 7

The chorionic plate is related to which one of the following?

A) Maternal surface of the fetus
B) Fetal surface of the placenta
C) Allantois of the yolk stalk
D) Cotyledons and intervillous spaces

Question 8

Complications of placenta previa include all of the following except:

A) premature delivery.
B) maternal hemorrhage.
C) postpartum hemorrhage.
D) succenturiate placenta.

Question 9

Fusion of the amnion and chorion usually occurs by _______ weeks of gestation.

A) 12
B) 14
C) 16
D) 20

Question 10

The chorion around the gestational sac on the opposite side of implantation is the chorion _______________.

A) frondosum
B) laeve
C) capsularis
D) vera

Question 11

Which one of the following statements about a placental abruption is false?

A) Bleeding in the decidua basalis occurs with separation.
B) Placental abruption may be a retroplacental or marginal abruption.
C) The bleed may lead to a chorioangioma.
D) Preterm labor may result.

Question 12

An example of a low-pressure bleed is which one of the following?

A) Marginal abruption
B) Retroplacental abruption
C) Decompression of the uterus
D) Trauma to the uterus

Question 13

A marginal placenta previa demonstrates which one of the following?

A) The edge of the placenta is near the internal cervical os.
B) The placenta is in the right lateral position.
C) The placenta touches but does not cross the internal cervical os.
D) The placenta partially covers the internal cervical os.

Question 14

By 9 weeks, the yolk sac should measure ____________ millimeters (mm) in diameter.

A) less than 5
B) greater than 5
C) less than 2
D) greater than 2

Question 15

The fetal membranes comprise all of the following except the:

A) chorion.
B) amnion.
C) blastocyst.
D) yolk sac.

Question 16

Severe blood loss may occur with placenta ____________.

A) percreta
B) increta
C) accreta
D) excreta

Question 17

The major functioning unit(s) of the placenta is(are) which of the following?

A) Chorionic villi
B) Yolk sac
C) Amnion
D) Cotyledons

Question 18

A marginal or an eccentric insertion of the umbilical cord into the placenta is which one of the following?

A) Velamentous placenta
B) Vasa previa
C) Battledore placenta
D) Placenta accreta

Question 19

Which one of the following abnormalities might demonstrate a small placenta?

A) Maternal anemia
B) Rh sensitivity
C) Maternal diabetes
D) Aneuploidy

Question 20

The most common site of fibrin deposition is which one of the following?

A) Along the subchorionic area
B) Along the retroplacental area
C) Within the chorioangioma
D) Within the hydatidiform mole

Question 21

A circumscribed complex mass protruding from the fetal surface of the placenta is demonstrated on ultrasound. This appearance most likely represents which one of the following?

A) Succenturiate placenta
B) Abruptio placenta
C) Circumvallate placenta
D) Chorioangioma

Question 22

The attachment of the placental membranes to the fetal surface of the placenta describes which one of the following?

A) Circummarginate placenta
B) Succenturiate placenta
C) Battledore placenta
D) Placenta accreta

Question 23

Which one of the following occurs when the intramembranous vessels course across the internal cervical os?

A) Placenta previa
B) Battledore placenta
C) Vasa previa
D) Velamentous placenta

Question 24

The growth of the chorionic villi superficially into the myometrium describes which one of the following?

A) Succenturiate placenta
B) Placenta accreta
C) Placental migration
D) Placenta increta