Deck 49: The Normal First Trimester

Question 1

Using a transvaginal approach, the first structure visualized within a gestational sac is which one of the following structures?

A) Primary yolk sac
B) Secondary yolk sac
C) Amnion
D) Embryo

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The diameter of the normal yolk sac should never exceed _______ mm.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10

Answer 2

B

Question 3

To calculate the mean sac diameter of a gestational sac, which one of the following formulas should be used?

A) Length $\times$ width $\times$ height
B) Length + width + height
C) (Length $\times$ width $\times$ height) ÷ 3
D) (Length + width + height) ÷ 3

Answer 3

(Length + width + height) ÷ 3

Question 4

The fusion of the chorion and amnion occurs between ________ weeks.

A) 9 and 10
B) 11 and 12
C) 14 and 15
D) 20 and 21

Question 5

Maternal serum hCG levels in a normal intrauterine pregnancy at less than 7 weeks should increase by doubling every _______________.

A) 24 hours
B) 48 hours
C) 3.5 days
D) 1 week

Question 6

Implantation of the blastocyst into the uterine decidua is completed within _______ days after fertilization.

A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 12

Question 7

A sonogram at 10 weeks of gestation demonstrates a cystic area within the posterior cranium. This appearance most likely represents which one of the following?

A) Abnormal mesencephalon
B) Normal rhombencephalon
C) Abnormal rhombencephalon
D) Normal prosencephalon

Question 8

Typically, the yolk sac resorbs and is no longer visible sonographically by _______ weeks.

A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14

Question 9

The beta hCG levels plateau and subsequently decline, whereas the gestational sac continues to grow, after _________ weeks.

A) 3 to 5
B) 6 to 8
C) 9 to 10
D) 10 to 12

Question 10

The blastocyst typically enters the uterus ___________ days after fertilization.

A) 1 to 2
B) 2 to 3
C) 4 to 5
D) 7 to 9

Question 11

The cavity in which the fetus exists is called the _________ cavity.

A) chorionic
B) amniotic
C) decidual
D) embryonic

Question 12

The embryonic heart begins to beat at __________ days.

A) 23
B) 35
C) 43
D) 49

Question 13

In the first trimester, herniated bowel will return within the abdominal cavity by the _________ week.

A) eighth
B) tenth
C) twelfth
D) fifteenth

Question 14

The interface between the decidua capsularis and echogenic vascular endometrium is which one of the following?

A) Decidua capsularis
B) Decidua basalis
C) Double decidual sign
D) Chorionic cavity

Question 15

Transvaginal imaging of the female pelvis uses which of the following planes?

A) Sagittal and coronal
B) Coronal and transverse
C) Sagittal and transverse
D) Sagittal only

Question 16

Which of the following ages refers to the length of time calculated from the first day of the last normal menstrual period to the point at which the pregnancy is being assessed?

A) Gestational
B) Embryonic
C) Menstrual
D) Either gestational or menstrual

Question 17

Which one of the following terms refers to a multiple pregnancy within one chorionic sac?

A) Monoembryonic
B) Dichorionic
C) Diamniotic
D) Monochorionic

Question 18

After fertilization of the ovum, the corpus luteum begins to secrete which of the following hormones?

A) Estrogen only
B) Progesterone only
C) Progesterone with some estrogen
D) Estrogen with some progesterone

Question 19

With transvaginal ultrasound, an abnormal pregnancy is suspected when visualizing the yolk sac fails with a minimum mean sac diameter (MSD) of ______ millimeters (mm).

A) 6
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12

Question 20

Which one of the following laboratory tests is used to indicate pregnancy when the values are elevated?

A) FSH
B) LH
C) hCG
D) HL

Question 21

The villi on the myometrial side of the conceptus are known as which one of the following?

A) Double decidual sign
B) Decidua basalis
C) Decidua capsularis
D) Chorion laeve

Question 22

In early pregnancy, the gestational sac size grows at a rate of _____ mm/day.

A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 2
D) 2.5

Question 23

The crown-rump length measurement may be used up through the ______ gestational week.

A) tenth
B) eleventh
C) twelfth
D) thirteenth

Question 24

The anechoic center of a 5- to 6-week gestational sac represents which one of the following?

A) Amniotic cavity
B) Chorionic cavity
C) Decidual reaction
D) Primary yolk sac

Question 25

In transabdominal scanning, a normal gestational sac can be consistently demonstrated when the beta hCG level is _________ mega international units per milliliter (mIU/ml).

A) 500
B) 1800
C) 2500
D) 3000