Deck 27: Neonatal and Infant Head

Question 1

The portion of the brain that lies posterior to the cranial fossa under the tentorium is called which one of the following?

A) Cerebellum
B) Corpus callosum
C) Lower recess
D) Cavum septum pellucidum

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The brain coverings are known as which one of the following?

A) Subependymomas
B) Meninges
C) Parenchyma
D) Ependyma

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Identify the structure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres.

A) Tentorium
B) Corpus callosum
C) Lateral ventricles
D) Interhemispheric fissure

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What is the name of the structure that forms between the corpus callosum and the anterior horn or lateral ventricle?

A) Septum pellucidum
B) Massa intermedia
C) Fourth ventricle
D) Lateral ventricle

Question 5

The most important cause of abnormal neurodevelopment sequelae in premature infants is which one of the following?

A) Hydrocephalus
B) Choroid plexus cyst
C) White matter necrosis
D) Alobar holoprosencephaly

Question 6

Which three mechanisms account for the development of hydrocephalus?

A) Outflow obstruction, increased absorption, and overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
B) Inflow obstruction, decreased absorption, and underproduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
C) Inflow obstruction, increased absorption, and overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
D) Outflow obstruction, decreased absorption, and overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Question 7

The junction of the anterior, occipital, and temporal horns is called the ________________.

A) cistern
B) brainstem
C) choroid plexus
D) atrium (trigone)

Question 8

The portion of the brain that forms the lateral borders of the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles and lies anterior to the lateral ventricles and thalamus is which one of the following?

A) Caudate nucleus
B) Cisterna
C) Corpus callosum
D) Fontanelle

Question 9

A mass of special cells located in the atrium of the lateral ventricles is which one of the following?

A) Corpus callosum
B) Caudate nucleus
C) Choroid plexus
D) Cisterna

Question 10

The part of the brain that connects the forebrain and the spinal cord is which one of the following?

A) Cerebellum
B) Trigone
C) Cerebrum
D) Brainstem

Question 11

Convolutions on the surface of the brain are called which one of the following?

A) Sulci
B) Fissures
C) Gyri
D) Lobes

Question 12

Sonography of the neonatal brain is evaluated through which one of the following?

A) Inferior temporal lobe
B) Anterior fontanelle
C) Superior temporal lobe
D) Posterior fontanelle

Question 13

The periventricular tissue, which may bleed easily before 32 weeks' gestation, is the ____________________.

A) caudate nucleus
B) corpus callosum
C) brainstem
D) germinal matrix

Question 14

The largest subarachnoid space demonstrated sonographically is ________________.

A) suprasellar cistern
B) pontine cistern
C) quadrigeminal cistern
D) cisterna magna

Question 15

Cyclopia is associated with which one of the following?

A) Holoprosencephaly
B) Hydrocephalus
C) Hydranencephaly
D) Dandy-Walker malformation

Question 16

The two ovoid brain structures located on either side of the third ventricle superior to the brainstem make up the ________________.

A) thalami
B) choroid plexus
C) gyri
D) fontanelle

Question 17

Dysgenesis of the fourth ventricle results in which one of the following malformations?

A) Corpus callosum
B) Cystic dilation of the lateral ventricle
C) Holoprosencephaly
D) Dandy-Walker

Question 18

Which of the following structures produces 40% of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A) Extracellular fluid
B) Choroid plexus
C) Corpus callosum
D) Cerebrum

Question 19

A thin, triangular space filled with CSF that lies between the anterior horn of the lateral ventricles is:

A) interhemispheric fissure.
B) cavum septi pellucidi.
C) trigone.
D) caudate nucleus.

Question 20

Bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries may result in __________________.

A) hydrocephalus
B) hydranencephaly
C) holoprosencephaly
D) intraventricular hemorrhage

Question 21

Acute neonatal brain hemorrhage appears ____________________ when compared to the choroid plexus.

A) echolucent
B) hypoechoic
C) echogenic
D) complex

Question 22

Periventricular leukomalacia is defined as which one of the following?

A) White matter necrosis
B) Focal brain necrosis
C) Thickened ependyma
D) An epidural hemorrhage

Question 23

Which of the following brain structures are part of the hindbrain?

A) Cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, and hypothalamus
B) Spinal cord, cisterna magna, and nerve roots
C) Mastoid fontanel, temporal lobe, and lateral ventricle
D) Pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata

Question 24

Which one of the following is most likely the result of a germinal matrix hemorrhage?

A) Cerebral cyst
B) Subependymal cyst
C) Subarachnoid cyst
D) Periventricular leukomalacia

Question 25

The most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus is which one of the following?

A) Papilloma of the choroid plexus
B) Aqueductal stenosis
C) Overproduction of CSF
D) Agenesis of the corpus callosum