Deck 25: Neonatal and Pediatric Abdomen

Question 1

A pitfall in diagnosing appendicitis may be which one of the following?

A) Enlarged lymph nodes
B) Dilated antrum
C) Hydronephrosis
D) Hydrops

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The most common type of choledochal cyst is:

A) diverticula of the common bile duct (CBD).
B) fusiform dilation of the CBD.
C) dilation of intrahepatic ducts.
D) dilation of the intraduodenal portion of the CBD.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The most common causes of prolonged neonatal jaundice include all of the following except:

A) hepatoblastoma.
B) choledochal cyst.
C) hepatitis.
D) biliary atresia.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Children with intussusception may exhibit all of the following clinical presentations except:

A) colicky abdominal pain
B) vomiting
C) bloody stools
D) tenderness over McBurney's point

Question 5

Which one of the following is the most likely condition to lead to cirrhosis in neonatal patients?

A) Jaundice
B) Hepatitis
C) Choledochal cyst
D) Biliary atresia

Question 6

Which of the following is least commonly associated with vomiting in the infant?

A) pylorospasm.
B) hiatal hernia.
C) malrotation of the bowel.
D) appendicolith.

Question 7

Findings that may indicate appendicitis include all of the following except:

A) free peritoneal fluid.
B) loculated fluid in the lower abdomen.
C) appendicolith.
D) Meckel diverticulum.

Question 8

Hepatoblastoma has been associated with which one of the following?

A) Meige syndrome
B) Choledochal cyst
C) Precocious puberty
D) Intussusception

Question 9

Preparation for a biliary sonographic examination of a 2-year-old child is nothing by mouth (nil per os; NPO) for ____ hours.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 8

Question 10

What percentage of liver tumors in children are benign?

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 75%

Question 11

The length of the pediatric gallbladder should not exceed which one of the following?

A) 5 cm
B) 8 cm
C) 10 cm
D) Length of the kidney

Question 12

An overdistended stomach ____________ displaces the pylorus.

A) anteriorly
B) posteriorly
C) laterally
D) medially

Question 13

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis most commonly occurs in all of the following patient populations except:

A) in male patients.
B) in female patients.
C) infants between 2 and 6 weeks of age.
D) infants with bile-free projectile vomiting.

Question 14

In patients with appendicitis, the outer diameter should measure at greater than _____ mm.

A) 6
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5

Question 15

The mean portal vein measurement in children younger than 10 years of age is ______ millimeters (mm).

A) 5
B) 7.5
C) 8.5
D) 10

Question 16

Which one of the following is considered to be the infantile form of hepatocellular carcinoma?

A) Neuroblastoma
B) Wilms' tumor
C) Hepatoblastoma
D) Both A and B

Question 17

When bowel prolapses into the distal bowel and is propelled in an antegrade fashion, this condition is known as which one of the following?

A) Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
B) Intussusception
C) Projectile vomiting
D) Appendicitis

Question 18

Sonographic characteristics associated with the bowel include all of the following signs except:

A) croissant
B) doughnut
C) target
D) pseudokidney

Question 19

An abdominal ultrasound may be ordered in the neonate when jaundice persists beyond ______________.

A) 5 days
B) 2 months
C) 2 weeks
D) 5 weeks

Question 20

The pylorus muscle connects the __________________ with the duodenum.

A) body of the stomach
B) antrum of the stomach
C) lesser curvature of the stomach
D) fundus of the stomach

Question 21

Identify the most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood.

A) Hypertrophied pyloric stenosis
B) Appendicitis
C) Intussusception
D) Biliary atresia

Question 22

In older children, the common bile duct should not exceed _____ mm.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 23

Choose the percentage of normal-term infants with elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels.

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%