Deck 19: Emergent Ultrasound Procedures

Question 1

The most common sonographic finding of a hernia is:

A) peristalsis of the bowel both during and after a Valsalva maneuver.
B) positive Murphy's sign.
C) negative McBurney's sign.
D) positive strangulation sign.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Torsion of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of which one of the following?

A) Inflammation of the testis
B) Abnormal size of the testis
C) Abnormal mobility of the testis
D) Inflammation of the epididymis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Approximately 70% of aortic dissections occur in the:

A) aortic arch.
B) ascending aorta.
C) descending aorta.
D) abdominal aorta.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

One of the most common conditions that necessitates emergent surgery is:

A) acute cholelithiasis.
B) urolithiasis.
C) acute appendicitis.
D) acute pancreatitis.

Question 5

Posttrauma, the most common location for fluid to accumulate is in the ___________.

A) Morison's pouch
B) pouch of Douglas
C) paracolic gutters
D) subphrenic space

Question 6

Sonographic findings in acute pancreatitis may include which one of the following?

A) Atrophy
B) Microcalcifications
C) Hyperechoic parenchyma
D) Normal-parenchyma texture

Question 7

Midepigastric pain radiating to the back is most characteristic of:

A) acute cholecystitis.
B) urolithiasis.
C) acute pancreatitis.
D) acute appendicitis.

Question 8

The traditional modality of choice for evaluating urolithiasis is:

A) noncontrast abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan.
B) abdominal x-ray examination.
C) renal ultrasound.
D) intravenous urography.

Question 9

The complications of peritoneal lavage include all of the following except:

A) bowel perforation.
B) bladder penetration.
C) vascular laceration.
D) pneumothorax.

Question 10

In the early stages of testicular torsion, the echogenicity of the testis appears _____________.

A) normal
B) complex
C) hypoechoic
D) hyperechoic

Question 11

Sonographic findings of acute cholecystitis include all of the following except:

A) thickened gallbladder wall.
B) small gallbladder.
C) pericholecystic fluid.
D) immobile gallstone.

Question 12

Types of abdominal hernias include all of the following except:

A) reducible hernia.
B) carcerated hernia.
C) incarcerated hernia.
D) strangulated hernia.

Question 13

Which one of the following is nearly always associated with aortic dissection?

A) Trauma
B) Pregnancy
C) Hypertension
D) Coarctation of the aorta

Question 14

The sonographic findings in aortic dissection include all of the following except:

A) echogenic membrane.
B) enlarged aorta.
C) moving echogenic flap.
D) laminar blood flow pattern.

Question 15

In the trauma setting, the most common finding of free fluid in the abdomen or pelvis is:

A) hemoperitoneum.
B) ascites.
C) bowel.
D) urine.

Question 16

The initial survey of a FAST scan is directed to the:

A) paracolic gutter.
B) subhepatic space.
C) posterior cul-de-sac.
D) pericardium.

Question 17

People frequently go to the emergency department for all of the following reasons except:

A) chest pain.
B) ear pain.
C) flank pain.
D) respiratory distress.

Question 18

For years, which one of the following techniques has been used as a surgical tool for the diagnosis of hemoperitoneum?

A) Paracentesis
B) Peritoneal lavage
C) Laparoscopy
D) Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST)

Question 19

The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is:

A) acute pancreatitis.
B) chronic pyelonephritis.
C) cholelithiasis.
D) obstruction of the cystic duct.

Question 20

Stones as small as _____ millimeters (mm) may be visualized with ultrasound.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 0.5
D) 1.5

Question 21

A hernia with vascular compromise is ________________.

A) carcerated
B) incarcerated
C) strangulated
D) torsioned

Question 22

In reproductive-age women, free fluid isolated to the posterior cul-de-sac is likely which one of the following?

A) Ascites
B) Hemoperitoneum
C) Abscess
D) Physiologic

Question 23

A hernia in the bowel that cannot be reduced is a(n) ______________ hernia.

A) reducible
B) carcerated
C) incarcerated
D) strangulated

Question 24

A pseudodissection demonstrates which one of the following?

A) Intimal flap
B) Turbulent blood flow pattern
C) Decrease in blood flow
D) False lumen

Question 25

Paraumbilical hernia occurs more often in which one of the following?

A) Infants
B) Female adults
C) Male adults
D) Children